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Revolution in the Art
In the first part of the 1800s, artists mainly use the ideas
of freedom, rights of individuals, and an idealized view
of history in their art. However, after the revolution in
1848, artists began to have a “realistic” view of the
world.
The Romantic Movement
By the end of the 18th century, Enlightenment ideas grew into
romanticism. This new movement showed the deep interest in nature
and in the thoughts of individuals. These romantic idealists were the
opposite of many Enlightenment thinkers. The people changed from
reason to emotion, society to nature.
Nationalism also grew, inspiring romantic imagination.
George Gordon and Lord Byron were leading poets at
the time who fought for Greece’s freedom.
The Ideas of Romanticism
Emotion was key in romanticism. However, romantics
also believed in inner feelings/emotions, focus on the
mysterious and grotesque, beauty of nature, a simpler and
nobler past, glorified heroes, cherished folk traditions,
valued the common person, and promoted radical change
and democracy.
Romanticism in Literature
Poetry, music, and painting were heavily influenced as
they could capture the emotion of romanticism. Poetry
was considered the highest form of expression. William
Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge were British
romantic poets who honored nature.
Germany had one of the most famous and earliest
writers. In 1774, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
published «The Sorrows of Young Werther». This
novel was about a young man with a hopeless
love, leading to his suicide.
Victor Hugo was the leader of French romantics.
His works showed the romantic fascination with
history and individuals. Les Miserables and The
Hunchback of Notre Dame both involve
individuals against society.