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Problem Solving: The Great Giants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Number Sense: Now That’s Hot! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Algebra and Functions: At the Aquarium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Measurement: Measure Away . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Geometry: Food and Geometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
Statistics, Data Analysis, and Probability:
How Fast Can You Go? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13
x
Arthur Morris/CORBIS
CH
APTER
1
Place Value and
Number Sense
Are You Ready for Chapter 1? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
1-1
Number Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
1-2
Problem-Solving Skill: Use the Four-Step Plan
Explore
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Math Activity for 1-3: Place Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
1-3
Place Value through 1,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
1-4
Place Value through 10,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
Mid-Chapter Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
1-5
Problem-Solving Investigation: Choose a Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
1-6
Compare Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
1-7
Order Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
Problem Solving in Geography: The Mighty Mississippi
1-8
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
Round to the Nearest Ten and Hundred . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
Game Time: Round Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47
1-9
Round to the Nearest Thousand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48
ASSESSMENT
Study Guide and Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52
Chapter Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59
California Standards Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60
California Standards Practice
• 27, 31, 37, 41, 51, 59, 60, 61
Higher Order Thinking
19, 27, 30, 37, 41, 46, 51
19, 21, 23, 27, 30, 31, 33, 37, 41, 46,
51, 59
xi
CH
APTER
2
Addition
Are You Ready for Chapter 2? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64
2-1
Addition Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
2-2
Problem-Solving Skill: Estimate or Exact Answer
2-3
Estimate Sums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70
2-4
Two-Digit Addition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68
Mid-Chapter Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77
2-5
Add Money . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78
Problem Solving in Geography: A Walk in the Park
2-6
Problem-Solving Investigation: Choose a Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84
Explore
2-7
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82
Math Activity for 2-7: Add Three-Digit Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .86
Three-Digit Addition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88
Game Time: How Low Can You Go? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91
2-8
Add Greater Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .92
ASSESSMENT
Study Guide and Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .96
Chapter Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
California Standards Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
California Standards Practice
• 73, 77, 81, 95, 101, 102, 103
Higher Order Thinking
67, 73, 76, 81, 90, 95
67, 69, 73, 76, 77, 81, 85, 87, 95, 101
xii
CORBIS
CH
APTER
3
Subtraction
Are You Ready for Chapter 3? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
3-1
Two-Digit Subtraction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
3-2
Estimate Differences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
3-3
Subtract Money . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Mid-Chapter Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Problem Solving in Music: The Sounds of the Symphony . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
3-4
Problem-Solving Skill: Reasonable Answers
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Explore
Math Activity for 3-5:
Subtract Three-Digit Numbers with Regrouping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
3-5
Three-Digit Subtraction with Regrouping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
3-6
Problem-Solving Investigation: Choose a Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
3-7
Subtract Greater Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Game Time: Do Not Zero Out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
3-8
Subtract Across Zeros . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
3-9
Algebra: Expressions and Number Sentences
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
ASSESSMENT
Study Guide and Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Chapter Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
California Standards Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
California Standards Practice
• 113, 117, 127, 137, 141, 149, 150, 151
Higher Order Thinking
113, 116, 127, 137, 141
109, 113, 116, 117, 121, 123, 127,
129, 132, 137, 141, 149
xiii
CH
APTER
4
Multiplication
Concepts and Facts
Are You Ready for Chapter 4? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
Explore
Math Activity for 4-1: Meaning of Multiplication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
4-1
Multiplication as Repeated Addition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
4-2
Arrays and Multiplication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
4-3
Multiply by 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Mid-Chapter Check. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
4-4
Multiply by 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Game Time: Factor Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
4-5
Problem-Solving Skill: Extra or Missing Information
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
4-6
Multiply by 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
Facts Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
4-7
Multiply by 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
Problem Solving in Science: Lots of Arms and Legs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
4-8
Problem-Solving Investigation: Choose a Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
4-9
Multiply by 0 and 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
Facts Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
ASSESSMENT
Study Guide and Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
Chapter Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
California Standards Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
California Standards Practice
• 163, 137, 181, 188, 195, 196, 197
Higher Order Thinking
159, 163, 166, 170, 176, 181, 188
156, 159, 163, 166, 167, 170, 176,
181, 185, 188, 195
xiv
Ellen McKnight/Alamy Images
CH
APTER
5
More Multiplication
Facts
Are You Ready for Chapter 5? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
Explore
Math Activity for 5-1: Multiplication Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
5-1
Multiply by 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
5-2
Multiply by 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
Facts Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
Game Time: Three in a Row . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
5-3
Problem-Solving Strategy: Look for a Pattern
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
5-4
Multiply by 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
Mid-Chapter Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
5-5
Multiply by 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
5-6
Multiply by 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
Facts Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
5-7
Problem-Solving Investigation: Choose a Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
5-8
Algebra: Associative Property . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
Problem Solving in Art: Not Just a Blanket
5-9
Algebra: Find a Rule
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
ASSESSMENT
Study Guide and Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
Chapter Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
California Standards Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246
California Standards Practice
• 209, 217, 221, 231, 237, 245, 246, 247
Higher Order Thinking
205, 208, 216, 221, 224, 231, 237
202, 205, 208, 213, 216, 217, 221,
224, 227, 231, 237, 245
xv
CH
APTER
6
Division Concepts
and Facts
Are You Ready for Chapter 6? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
Explore
6-1
Math Activity for 6-1: Understand Division . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
Relate Division and Subtraction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
Explore
Math Activity for 6-2: Relate Multiplication to Division . . . . . . . . . . . 256
6-2
Relate Multiplication to Division . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
6-3
Problem-Solving Skill: Choose an Operation
6-4
Divide by 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
Mid-Chapter Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
6-5
Divide by 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
Problem Solving in Community: Communities within
Communities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272
6-6
Problem-Solving Investigation: Choose a Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274
6-7
Divide by 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276
Game Time: Number Cubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279
6-8
Division Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280
ASSESSMENT
Study Guide and Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282
Chapter Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287
California Standards Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
California Standards Practice
• 261, 267, 271, 278, 287, 288, 289
Higher Order Thinking
255, 261, 266, 271, 277, 281
252, 255, 257, 261, 263, 266, 267,
271, 275, 277, 281, 287
xvi
Jim West/The Image Works
CH
APTER
7
More Division Facts
Are You Ready for Chapter 7? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
Explore
Math Activity for 7-1: Divide Using a Multiplication Table . . . . . . . . 293
7-1
Divide by 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
7-2
Divide by 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298
7-3
Problem-Solving Strategy: Make a Table
7-4
Divide by 6 and 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302
Mid-Chapter Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307
Problem Solving in Civics: Stars and Stripes
7-5
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308
Divide by 8 and 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310
Game Time: Facts Roll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313
7-6
Determine Unit Cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314
7-7
Problem-Solving Investigation: Choose a Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318
7-8
Algebra: Expressions and Equations
7-9
Algebra: Translate Words to Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320
ASSESSMENT
Study Guide and Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328
Chapter Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335
California Standards Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336
California Standards Practice
• 301, 307, 317, 323, 327, 335, 336, 337
Higher Order Thinking
297, 301, 306, 312, 317, 323, 327
294, 297, 301, 303, 306, 307, 312,
317, 319, 323, 327
xvii
CH
APTER
Measurement:
Customary System
8
Are You Ready for Chapter 8? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340
Explore
Measurement Activity for 8-1: Length to the Nearest Inch . . . . . . 341
8-1
Length to the Nearest Half Inch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343
8-2
Customary Units of Length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346
8-3
Problem-Solving Strategy: Work Backward . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350
Explore
8-4
Measurement Activity for 8-4: Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352
Customary Units of Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354
Game Time: Capacity Guess . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358
Mid-Chapter Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359
8-5
Problem-Solving Investigation: Choose a Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360
8-6
Customary Units of Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362
Problem Solving in Science: Lengths, Heights, and
Weights, Oh My! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366
8-7
Convert Units of Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368
ASSESSMENT
Study Guide and Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372
Chapter Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377
California Standards Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 378
California Standards Practice
• 349, 357, 359, 365, 371, 377, 378, 379
Higher Order Thinking
345, 349, 357, 365, 371
342, 345, 349, 351, 353, 357, 359,
361, 365, 371, 377
xviii
CH
APTER
9
Measurement:
Metric System
Are You Ready for Chapter 9? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 382
Explore
9-1
Measurement Activity for 9-1: Millimeter and Centimeter . . . . . . . 383
Metric Units of Length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385
Game Time: Hit the Target . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389
9-2
Problem-Solving Strategy: Guess and Check
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390
9-3
Metric Units of Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 392
Mid-Chapter Check. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395
9-4
Problem-Solving Ivestigation: Choose a Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 396
9-5
Metric Units of Mass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 398
Problem Solving in Science: A Visit to the Supermarket
9-6
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 402
Metric Unit Conversions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 404
ASSESSMENT
Study Guide and Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 408
Chapter Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413
California Standards Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 414
California Standards Practice
• 388, 395, 401, 407, 413, 414, 415
Higher Order Thinking
388, 394, 401, 407
384, 388, 391, 394, 395, 397, 401,
407, 413
xix
John Cancalosi/Peter Arnold, Inc.
CH
APTER
10
Measurement
and Geometry
Are You Ready for Chapter 10? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 418
10-1 Geometry: Polygons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419
10-2 Measurement: Perimeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422
Explore
Measurement Activity for 10-3: Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 426
10-3 Measurement: Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 428
10-4 Problem-Solving Strategy: Solve a Simpler Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 432
10-5 Triangles and Angles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 434
Mid-Chapter Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437
10-6 Geometry: Quadrilaterals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 438
10-7 Problem-Solving Investigation: Choose a Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 442
10-8 Geometry: Solid Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 444
Game Time: Guess the Shape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 447
10-9 Complex Solid Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 448
Problem Solving in Art: Gardens Under Glass
Explore
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 450
Measurement Activity for 10-10: Volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 452
10-10 Measurement: Find Volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 454
ASSESSMENT
Study Guide and Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 458
Chapter Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465
California Standards Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 466
California Standards Practice
• 425, 431, 437, 441, 446, 457, 465, 466, 467
Higher Order Thinking
421, 425, 430, 436, 441, 446, 449, 457
421, 425, 427, 430, 433, 436, 437,
441, 443, 446, 449, 453, 457, 465
xx
PETE OXFORD/Minden Pictures
CH
APTER
11
Statistics: Data, Graphs,
and Probability
Are You Ready for Chapter 11? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 470
Explore
Graphing Activity for 11-1: Make a Bar Graph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 471
11-1 Bar Graphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473
11-2 Line Plots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 476
11-3 Problem-Solving Strategy: Make an Organized List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 480
Mid-Chapter Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 482
Game Time: Catch Me if You Can! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 483
11-4 Identify Probability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 484
Problem Solving in Science: Eggs!
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 488
11-5 Problem-Solving Investigation: Choose a Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 490
Explore
Probability Activity for 11-6: Outcomes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 492
11-6 Make Predictions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 494
ASSESSMENT
Study Guide and Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 498
Chapter Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 503
California Standards Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 504
California Standards Practice
• 479, 482, 487, 497, 503, 504, 505
Higher Order Thinking
475, 478, 487, 497
472, 475, 478, 481, 487, 491, 493,
497, 503
xxi
CH
APTER
12
Fractions
Are You Ready for Chapter 12? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 508
12-1 Parts of a Whole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 509
12-2 Problem-Solving Investigation: Choose a Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 512
Explore
Math Activity for 12-3: Equivalent Fractions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 514
12-3 Find Equivalent Fractions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 516
Game Time: Fraction Concentration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 519
12-4 Problem-Solving Strategy: Draw a Picture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 520
12-5 Compare Fractions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 522
Mid-Chapter Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 525
Explore
Math Activity for 12-6: Add Like Fractions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 526
12-6 Add Like Fractions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 528
Problem Solving in Science: The Buzz on Insects
Explore
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 532
Math Activity for 12-7: Subtract Like Fractions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 534
12-7 Subtract Like Fractions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 536
ASSESSMENT
Study Guide and Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 540
Chapter Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 545
California Standards Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 546
California Standards Practice
• 518, 525, 531, 539, 545, 546, 547
Higher Order Thinking
511, 518, 524, 531, 538
511, 513, 515, 518, 521, 524, 525,
527, 531, 535, 538, 545
xxii
CORBIS
CH
APTER
13
Fractions and Decimals
Are You Ready for Chapter 13? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 550
Explore
Math Activity for 13-1: Fractions and Decimals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 551
13-1 Tenths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 553
Game Time: Fractoes and Decimoes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 557
13-2 Hundredths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 558
Mid-Chapter Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 561
Problem Solving in Science: Continents
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 562
13-3 Problem-Solving Strategy: Act It Out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 564
Explore
Math Activity for 13-4: Fractions, Decimals, and Money . . . . . . . . . 566
13-4 Decimals and Money . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 568
13-5 Problem-Solving Investigation: Choose a Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 572
ASSESSMENT
Study Guide and Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 574
Chapter Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 579
California Standards Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 580
California Standards Practice
• 556, 561, 571, 579, 580, 581
Higher Order Thinking
556, 560, 571
552, 556, 560, 561, 565, 567, 571,
573, 579
xxiii
CH
APTER
14
Multiply by One-Digit
Numbers
Are You Ready for Chapter 14? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 584
14-1 Multiply Multiples of 10, 100, and 1,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 585
14-2 Problem-Solving Strategy: Use Logical Reasoning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 588
14-3 Estimate Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 590
Mid-Chapter Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 593
14-4 Multiply by a One-Digit Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 594
14-5 Problem-Solving Investigation: Choose a Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 598
Explore
Math Activity for 14-6: Multiplication with Rerouping . . . . . . . . . . . . 600
14-6 Multiply Two-Digit Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 602
14-7 Multiply Greater Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 606
Game Time: High and Low . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 609
14-8 Multiply Money . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 610
Problem Solving in Art: Stamp Collecting
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 614
ASSESSMENT
Study Guide and Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 616
Chapter Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 621
California Standards Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 622
California Standards Practice
• 593, 597, 605, 613, 621, 622, 623
Higher Order Thinking
587, 592, 597, 605, 608, 613
587, 589, 592, 593, 597, 599, 601,
605, 608, 613, 621
xxiv
Bill Ross/CORBIS
CH
APTER
15
Divide by One-Digit
Numbers
Are You Ready for Chapter 15? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 626
15-1 Divide Multiples of 10, 100, and 1,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 627
15-2 Estimate Quotients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 630
Explore
Math Activity for 15-3: Division . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 634
15-3 Two-Digit Quotients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 636
Mid-Chapter Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 639
15-4 Problem-Solving Strategy: Work Backward . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 640
15-5 Three-Digit Quotients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 642
Game Time: That’s Close! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 645
Problem Solving in Science: Roller Coaster Physics
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 646
15-6 Problem-Solving Investigation: Choose a Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 648
15-7 Divide Money . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 650
ASSESSMENT
Study Guide and Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 654
Chapter Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 659
California Standards Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 660
California Standards Practice
• 633, 639, 653, 659, 660, 661
Higher Order Thinking
629, 633, 638, 644, 653
629, 633, 635, 638, 639, 641, 644,
649, 653, 659
xxv
California Standards Review
Tips for Success . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CA1
Multiple-Choice Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CA2
Practice by Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CA4
to Grade 4
Algebra: Function Tables (+/-) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 664
Algebra: Function Tables (×/÷) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 668
Ordered Pairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 672
Geometry: Congruent Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 676
Geometry: Symmetry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 678
Higher Order Thinking
667, 671, 675, 677, 679
667, 671, 675, 677, 679
xxvi
Stockbyte
Student Handbook
Built-In Workbooks
Extra Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R2
Facts Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R41
Reference
English-Spanish Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R49
Photo Credits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R69
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R70
xxvii
California Standards for
Mathematics Grade 3
denotes Key standards
Standard
Text of Standard
Primary
Citations
Supporting
Citations
Number Sense
1.0
Students understand the place value of whole numbers:
1.1
Count, read, and write whole numbers to 10,000
17–19
24–30
1.2
Compare and order whole numbers to 10,000.
34–43
17–19
1.3
Identify the place value for each digit in numbers to 10,000.
22–30
34–41, 44–46, 48–51
1.4
Round off numbers to 10,000 to the nearest ten, hundred, and
thousand.
44–51, 70–76, 110–113
1.5
Use expanded notation to represent numbers
(e.g., 3,206 = 3,000 + 200 + 6).
24–30
2.0
Students calculate and solve problems involving addition,
subtraction, multiplication, and division:
2.1
Find the sum or difference of two whole numbers between 0
and 10,000.
32–33, 65–67, 74–77,
82–83, 86–87, 107–116,
120–127, 490–491,
640–641
20–21, 68–73, 78–81,
84–85, 88–95, 128–137,
512–513, 588–589
2.2
Memorize to automaticity the multiplication table for numbers
between
1 and 10.
157–159, 164–181,
184–185, 201–202, 210,
214–216, 218–225
155–156, 226–227
2.3
Use the inverse relationship of multiplication and division to
compute and check results.
114–116, 256–261,
264–271, 274–281,
293–301, 304–312,
642–644, 636–638
318–319, 251–255,
262–263, 272–273
2.4
Solve simple problems involving multiplication of multidigit
numbers by one-digit numbers (3,671 × 3 = ̲ ).
585–587, 590–597, 600–
608
442–443, 598–599,
614–615
2.5
Solve division problems in which a multidigit number is evenly
divided by a one-digit number (135 ÷ 5 = ̲ ).
627–638, 642–644,
648–649
2.6
Understand the special properties of 0 and 1 in multiplication
and division.
186–188, 280–281
2.7
Determine the unit cost when given the total cost and number of
units.
314–317, 360–361,
650–653
350–351
2.8
Solve problems that require two or more of the skills mentioned
above.
8–3; 8–5;
396–397, 432–433,
648–649
3.0
Students understand the relationship between whole numbers,
simple fractions, and decimals:
514–518, 522–524
509–511, 526–531,
534–539
3.1
xxviii
Compare fractions represented by drawings or concrete
materials to show equivalency and to add and subtract simple
fractions in context (e.g.,1/2 of a pizza is the same amount as
2/4 of another pizza that is the same size; show that 3/8 is larger
than 1/4).
Standard
Text of Standard
Primary
Citations
Supporting
Citations
3.2
Add and subtract simple fractions (e.g., determine that 1/8 + 3/8 is the same
as 1/2).
526–539
3.3
Solve problems involving addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of
money amounts in decimal notation and multiply and divide money amounts
in decimal notation by using whole-number multipliers and divisors.
78–81, 88–95,
610–613, 650–653
512–513, 572–573
3.4
Know and understand that fractions are two different representations
of the same concept (e.g., 50 cents is 1/2 of a dollar, 75 cents is 3/4 of a dollar).
548–560, 566–571
564–565
182–183, 600–601
Algebra and Functions
1.0
Students select appropriate symbols, operations, and properties to represent,
describe, simplify, and solve number relationships:
1.1
Represent relationships of quantities in the form of mathematical
expressions, equations, or inequalities.
65–67, 138–141,
320–327
1.2
Solve problems involving numeric equations or inequalities.
320–323
1.3
Select appropriate operational and relational symbols to make an expression
true (e.g., if 4 ̲ 3 = 12, what operation symbol goes in the blank?).
138–141, 320–323
1.4
Express simple unit coversions in symbolic form
(e.g., ̲ inches = ̲ feet × 12).
404–407
1.5
Recognize and use the commutative and associative properties of
multiplication (e.g., if 5 × 7 = 35, then what is 7 × 5? And if
5 × 7 × 3 = 105, then what is 7 × 3 × 5?).
160–163, 228–230
2.0
Students represent simple functional relationships:
2.1
Solve simple problems involving a functional relationship between
two quantities (e.g., find the total cost of multiple items given the cost per
unit).
14–8
2.2
Extend and recognize a linear pattern by its rules (e.g., the number of legs on
a given number of horses may be calculated by counting by 4s or by
multiplying the number of horses by 4).
212–213, 234–237,
302–303
368–371
314–317
Measurement and Geometry
1.0
Students choose and use appropriate units and measurement tools to
quantify the properties of objects
1.1
Choose the appropriate tools and units (metric and U.S.) and estimate and
measure length, liquid volume, and weight/mass.
341–349, 352–357,
362–365, 383–388,
392–394, 398–401,
404–407, EX 8–1;
8–1; 8–2; EX 8–4;
8–4; 8–6; 8–7; CC
385–388,
390–391, 398–401
1.2
Estimate or determine the area and volume of solid figures by covering
them with squares or by counting the number of cubes that would fill
them.
426–431, 442–443,
452–457,
480–481
1.3
Find the perimeter of a polygon with integer sides.
422–425, 432–433,
xxix
Standard
Text of Standard
Primary
Citations
1.4
Carry out simple unit conversions within a system of measurement
(e.g., centimeters and meters, hours and minutes).
2.0
Students describe and compare the attributes of plane and solid geometric
figures and use their understanding to show relationships and solve
problems:
2.1
Identify, describe, and classify polygons (including pentagons, hexagons,
and octagons).
419–421, 450–451
2.2
Identify attributes of triangles (e.g. two equal sides for the isosceles triangle,
three equal sides for the equilateral triangle, right angle for the right
triangle).
434–436
2.3
Identify attributes of quadrilaterals (e.g. parallel sides for the parallelogram,
right angles for the rectangle, equal sides and right angles for the square).
438–441
2.4
Identify right angles in geometric figures or in appropriate objects and
determine whether other angles are greater or less than a right angle.
434–441
2.5
Identify, describe, and classify common three–dimensional geometric objects
(e.g., cube, rectangular solid, sphere, prism, pyramid, cone, and cylinder).
444–446
2.6
Identify common solid objects that are the components needed to make a
more complex solid object.
448–449
346–349, 9–6
Supporting
Citations
352–357, 362–365,
368–371
Statistics, Data Analysis, and Probability
1.0
Students conduct simple probability experiments by determining the number
of possible outcomes and make simple predictions:
1.1
Identify whether common events are certain, likely, unlikely, or improbable.
484–487
1.2
Record the possible outcomes for a simple event (e.g., tossing a coin) and
systematically keep track of the outcomes when the event is repeated many
times.
492–493
1.3
Summarize and display the results of probability experiments in a clear and
organized way (e.g., use a bar graph or a line plot).
476–479
1.4
Use the results of probability experiments to predict future events (e.g., use a
line plot to predict the temperature forecast for the next day).
494–497
Preparation for
471–475, 492–493
Mathematical Reasoning
xxx
1.0
Students make decisions about how to approach problems:
1.1
Analyze problems by identifying relationships, distinguishing relevant from
irrelevant information, sequencing, prioritizing information, and observing
patterns
20–21, 32–33, 84–85,
128–129, 172–173,
184–185, 212–213,
226–227, 262–263,
274–275, 302–303,
318–319, 350–351,
390–391,396–397,
442–443, 480–481,
490–491, 520–521,
598–599, 648–649
360–361, 366–367,
426–427, 432–433,
512–513, 640–641
Standard
Text of Standard
1.2
Determine when and how to break a problem into simpler parts.
2.0
Students use strategies, skills, and concepts in finding solutions:
2.1
Primary
Citations
Supporting
Citations
350–351, 432–433,
572–573, 640–641
360–361, 448–453, 585–
587, 627–629, 634–635
Use estimation to verify the reasonableness of calculated results.
74–81, 88–95, 426–427,
590–592, 602–605,
630–633
110–116,120–121, 343–
349, 354–357, 362–365,
428–431, 442–443,
452–457, 594–597,
606–608, 650–653
2.2
Apply strategies and results from simpler problems to more
complex problems.
585–587, 600–601,
86–87, 155–159,177, 189,
210,225, 253–255, 264–
271, 324–327, 343–345,
432–441, 444–453, 452–
453, 492–493, 528–531,
536–539, 627–629
2.3
Use a variety of methods, such as words, numbers, symbols,
charts, graphs, tables, diagrams, and models, to explain
mathematical reasoning.
20–21, 68–69, 155–159,
203–209, 214–216, 218–
224, 251–255, 341–342,
352–353, 396–397, 512–
513, 526–527, 564–565,
588–589, 634–635
22–23, 32–33, 84–85,
107–109, 120–127, 160–
181, 184–185, 256–261,
274–281, 302–303, 419–
421, 426–431, 434–443,
471–479, 490–491, 494–
497, 509–511, 514–524,
558–560, 566–567,
636–641
2.4
Express the solution clearly and logically by using the appropriate
mathematical notation and terms and clear language; support
solutions with evidence in both verbal and symbolic work.
2.5
Indicate the relative advantages of exact and approximate
solutions to problems and give answers to a specified degree of
accuracy.
2.6
Make precise calculations and check the validity of the results
from the context of the problem.
3.0
Students move beyond a particular problem by generalizing to
other situations:
3.1
Evaluate the reasonableness of the solution in the context of the
original situation.
3.2
Note the method of deriving the solution and demonstrate a
conceptual understanding of the derivation by solving similar
problems.
3.3
Develop generalizations of the results obtained and apply them
in other circumstances.
65–67, 324–327, 568–
571, 642–644
68–73, 383–388
590–592, 630–633
78–81, 128–132, 134–
137, 512–513, 642–644
588–589
74–81, 341–342, 602–604
86–95, 138–141, 295–
301–306, 310–312, 320–
323, 341–342, 404–407,
422–427, 426–427,
448–449, 452–453,
512–513, 551–556
494–497
201–202, 293–294, 426–
427, 484–487, 610–613
xxxi
Let’s Get Started
Use the Scavenger Hunt below to learn where things are
located in each chapter.
1
What is the title of Chapter 1?
2
What is the Main Idea of Lesson 1-1?
3
How do you know which words are vocabulary words?
4
What are the vocabulary words for Lesson 1-3?
5
What is the key concept shown in Lesson 1-9?
6
How many Examples are presented in Lesson 1-4?
7
What is the web address where you could find extra examples?
8
On page 29, there is a Remember tip box. How does the Remember tip
help you?
9
How many exercises are there in Lesson 1-5?
10 Suppose you need more practice on a concept. Where can you go
for Extra Practice?
11 Suppose you’re doing your homework on page 36 and you get stuck
on Exercise 18. Where could you find help?
12 What is the web address that would allow you to take a self-check
quiz to be sure you understand the lesson?
13 On what pages will you find the Chapter 1 Study Guide and Review?
14 Suppose you can’t figure out how to do Exercise 7 in the Study Guide and
Review on page 53. Where could you find help?
xxxii