Download Korean War

Section A: Source-based Questions [30 Marks]
Question 1 is compulsory for all candidates.
Study the Background Information and the sources carefully, and then answer all the questions.
You may use any of the sources to help you answer the questions, in addition to those sources
you are told to use. In answering the questions you should use your knowledge of the topic to
help you interpret and evaluate the sources.
1
(a)
Study Source A
Why was this extract produced in Pravda in 1936? Explain your
answer.
(b)
Study Sources B and C
Does Source B prove that Source C is wrong about the outcome of
Stalin’s policy? Explain your answer.
(c)
[5]
Study Source E
How surprised are you by the author’s attitude towards the communist
government of Soviet Union? Explain your answer?
(e)
[6]
Study Source D
What is the message of the source? Explain your answer.
(d)
[5]
[6]
Study ALL sources
Stalin’s rule was beneficial for Soviet Union. How far do these sources
agree with this view? Use the sources and your knowledge to explain
your answer.
Was Stalin’s rule beneficial for Soviet Union?
2
[8]
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
Read this carefully. It may help you answer some of the questions.
Life under Stalin was not necessarily bad for everybody in the 1930s. For some, there had been
a marked improvement since the Tsarist times. Living standards rose in the late 1930s, but there
were still shortages of food and other goods. The government also put a lot of resources into
building a health service. Many people believed in Stalin and went about their daily lives convinced
that they were building a better society. They shared many of Stalin’s hopes and values.
How beneficial was Stalin’s rule for the people of Soviet Union?
Source A
Extract from Pravda (the Communist Party’s newspaper), 28 May 1936.
When we talk of strengthening the Soviet’s family we mean the fight against the wrong attitudes
towards marriage, women and children. Easy abortion, divorce had created vast army of
homeless children who lived on the streets begged and robbed passers-by. The outstanding
citizens of our country, the best of Soviet youth, are almost always devoted to their families.
Other accepted messages:
1. Keeping & protecting Soviet children as it would benefit SU in the long run
2. Communist party had built a better society for the soviets
3. Convince married couple to stay married so that they could raise good children
Source B
An account by an American journalist who worked in Russia in 1935.
Looking backwards over the fourteen years I have spent in Russia, I cannot escape the
conclusion that USSR is now economically and financially independent. The accomplishments
cannot be lightly dismissed. During the first decade of Stalin’s leadership, he had transformed
an illiterate society into an industrial, urban and literate one. For millions of people, the 1930s
were a time of educational opportunity and upward mobility.
Source C
A description of apartment in Moscow, by an American who lived there in
1939.
Badly built, with doors and windows of unseasoned wood which would not shut properly. The
walls were thin and by American standards, we were living in squalid* house. But by Soviet
Russian standards, we were housed almost like Communist aristocrats. We had a bathroom
which we had to share with other families.
* dirty with foul smell
Source D
A poster depicting famine in Ukraine.
3
Source E
From a speech made by an English businessman in 1932, after he had
visited Russia.
I am a capitalist, not a communist. Yet Russia is forging ahead while, because of the World
Depression, our own factories and shipyards are closed and our people desperately seek work.
New cities are growing up, with modern houses, schools, hospitals, workers’ clubs and
nurseries, where children of working mothers are cared for. Russia is a country of amazing
activity. Workers in Russia has hope!
Section B: Structured Essay Questions [20 Marks]
Answer one question.
4
2. This question is about Hitler’s rise to power and his rule in Nazi Germany.
a.
Describe the weakness of the Weimar Government.
b.
Explain how each of the following increased Hitler’s popularity in Germany:
[8]
(i) remilitarisation;
(ii) propaganda
[12]
3. This question is on reasons for the Cold War in Europe.
a.
Describe the American policy of containment.
b.
Explain how each of the following increased Cold War tensions in Europe from 1945:
[8]
(i) Soviet expansion;
(ii) Berlin Blockade
[12]
5