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Comprehensive Examination # 3 Your email will be recorded when you submit this form. MICROBIOLOGY & PARASITOLOGY The peak incidence of which of the following diseases is Not in children Rubella Shingles Measles Mumps Which of the following host defense mechanisms is the most important for preventing dysentery caused by Salmonella ? Gastric acid Esophageal mucosa Normal flora of the mouth Salivary enzymes One of the following organisms project a “ medusa head “ from colonies grown on blood agar Clostridium tetani Bacillus anthracis Bacillus subtilis Clostridium botuliunum This fungal infection is chronic and characterized by slow developmental of progressive granulomatous lesions that in time induce hyperplasia of epidermal tissue is Phaeohyphomycosis Chromoblastomycosis Coccidiodomycosis Eumycetoma Each of the following statements concerning rabies and rabies virus is correct, Except Rabies virus has a lipoprotein envelope and single-stranded RNA as its genome The virus has a single antigenic type The incubation period is usually long rather than short Rabies is an acute infection of the CNS that is almost always fatal All of the above are correct The complement system plays a key role in the host defense process. Which component of this system is the most important in chemotaxis ? C3b C1q C4a C5a C3a Septicemic shock of gram negative bacilli is triggered by Immune complexes Endotoxin Opsonin Exotoxin A person with an increased susceptibility to viral, fungal and protozoan infection would be suspected to have a deficiency to which of the following cell types ? Natural killer cells Neutrophils B lymphocytes T lymphocytes Macrophages Reported outbreak of diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis and HUS ( hemolytic uremic syndrome ) has been attributed to Escherichia coli. The strain linked to this outbreak is EPEC ETEC EIEC STEC The part of the body where salmonella typhi resides in making a person chronic carrier intestines Bloody stream Gall bladder Appendix Urinary bladder Non-gonococcal urethritis is/are caused by A. Ureaplasma urealyticum B. Chlamydia trachomatis C. Gardnerella vaginalis All of the above A and B The “ best Guess “ of a causative organism is based on the following considerations A. Site of infection B. Age of the patient C. Host factors D. Mechanical predisposition All of these A latent ,measles-like viral infection and presumably a defect in cellular immunity associated with which of the following ? Epstein-Barr virus Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease Multiple sclerosis Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis The human leukocyte antigen ( HLA ) is known to A. Regulate cell interaction B. Elicit allograft reactions C. Unrecognized by cytotoxic T cell A and B only B and C only It is a gram negative , non-motile bacillus that is most commonly isolated from cooling towers Legionella pneumophila Chlamydia pneumonia Klebsiella pneumonia Streptococcus pneumoniae Which of the following statements is incorrect concerning hepatitis C (HCV ) and hepatitis D ( HDV )? HCV is an important cause of post-transfusion hepatitis HDV is a defective virus with an RNA genome and a capsid composed of hepatitis B surface antigen HDV is transmitted primarily by the fecal-oral route People infected with HCV commonly become chronic carriers of HCV and are predisposed to hepatocellular carcinoma All of the above are correct The skin and mucous membrane are the most common portal of entry of the following organisms, except Yersenia pestis Francesilla tularensis Bacillus anthracis Leptospira None of the above Which of the following microorganisms do not produce oxidase ? Pseudomonas aeruginosa Yersenia enterocolitica Vibrio cholera Pasteurella All of the above produce oxidase A patient is suspected to have cryptocoocus neoformans disease. Which of the following findings would be useful in establishing the diagnosis ? The presence of encapsulated budding cells in spinal fluid A recent history of travel in the Mississippi river valley A positive heterophil agglutination test for the presence of antigen Recovery of an acid-fast organism from patient’s sputum Common pathogen in surgical prosthetic implants Staphylococcus epidermidis Escherechia coli Klebsiella pmeumoniae Streptococcus pyogenes These fungi elaborates the most potent toxin is Cryptococcus neoformans Aspergillus flavus Candida albicans Sporothrix schenckii Chlamydia trachomatis may be responsible for all of the various clinical conditions, except Inclusion conjunctivitis Pneumonitis in the newborn Lymphogranuloma venereum None of the above It is the predominant facultative organism of the large intestines of man and is used as an index of fecal contamination of water sample Proteus mirabilis Escherichia coli Enterobacter aerogenes Proteus vulgaris Pathogenicity involved in tuberculosis can be primarily attributed to which of the following ? Cell mediated hypersensitivity Toxin production of mycobacteria Specific adhesion sites Humoral immunity None of these The microbe responsible for significant number of urinary tract infection gram positive bacteria in sexually active young women is Staphylococcus epidermidis Streptococcus agalactiae Staphylococcusu saprophyticus Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus pyogenes Reaction to poison ivy or poison oak is A cell-mediated response An IgE –mediated response An Arthus reaction An IgG-mediated response Diarrhea caused by which of the following agents is characterized by the presence of fecal leukocytes ? Campylobacter jejuni Rota virus Clostridium perfringens Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Chickenpox is a common disease of children , cause by which of the following viruses ? Adenoviruses Cytomegalovirus Varicella virus Rota virus None of the above Bacteria can acquire antibiotic resistance by A. Mutation B. Insertion of transposons C. Acquiring plasmids All of these None of these A child stung bt a bee experience respiratory distress within minutes and lapses into unconsciousness. This reaction is mediated by Sensitized T cells Complement IgG antibody Igm antibody IgE antibody Which of the following statements concerning Corynebacterium diphtheriae is incorrect ? C.diphtheriae I s gram positive bacilli that do not form spores C.diphtheriae which causes disease through elaboration of a potent exotoxin C.diphtheriae possess irregular swelling at one end that give them the “ club shaped “ appearance Antitoxin should be used to treat patient with diphtheria None of the above is incorrect Which of the following do not described yersenia pestis ? Yersenia pestis is a gram negative bacilli and grows strictly anaerobe Yersenia pestis resembles a hair-pin like appearance Yersenia pestis exhibit bipolar staining Yersenia pestis is one of the most virulent bacteria All of the above described yersenia Which of the following virulence factor is most likely to cause fever and hypotension ? Licithinase Lipopolysaccharide Pili Capsule An anaerobic organism from necrotic wound demonstrate double hemolysis on blood agar, growth on egg yolk agar; lecithinase ( + ) ; non-motile , but a rapidly spreading growth pattern on culture. The most likely organism is_____________________ Clostridium pperfringens Bacillus anthracis Clostridium defficille Bacteroides fragilis Patients with C5 through C9 deficiencies are most likely to be susceptible to the following infections is Pneumococcal infection Fungal infections Parasitic infections Meningococcal infection What are the mechanisms in which complement provide protection, except Cytolysis Chemotaxis Opsonization Anaphylatoxins None of the above Which of the following statements is false concerning Treponema ? T pallidum produces exotoxin that stimulate adenylate cyclase T pallidum can not be grown conventional laboratory media Patients infected with T pallidum produce antibodies that react with beef heart cardiolipin T pallidum are long, slender helically coiled, spiral or corkscrew-shaped bacilli All of the above are true concerning T pallidum "A 23 year old male complains of urethral discharge. A gram stain on a specimen of the discharge which reveal only neutrophils but no bacteria. " Of the following listed, which one cause the urethral discharge ? A. Triponema palllidum B. Chlamydia trachomatis C. Candida albicans D. Coxiella burnetti Which of the following causative agent of pneumonia is typically associated with the production of currant-jelly sputum ? Pseudomonas aeruginosa Chlamydia pneumonia Streptococcus pneumonia Klebsiella pneumonia Which of the following is the best evidence on which to base a decisive diagnosis of acute mumps disease ? A positive skin test A history of exposure to a child with mumps Orchitis in young adult male A 4-fold rise in antibody titer to mumps All of the fungi causes pulmonary diseases, except Arpergillus fumigatus Coccidioides immitis Histoplasma capsulatum Sporothrix schenckii Small, motile, non-spore -forming, curved, microaerophilic , gram negative bacilli that is the most common antecedent cause of GBS ( Guillain Barre Syndrome ) Pasteurella multocida None of the above Campylobacter jejuni Escherichia coli Helicobacter pylori What are the major properties of PAI ( Pathogenicity Island ), except have one or more virulence genes They are present in the genome of the pathogenic species and also in the non -pathogenic members They typically have different guanine and cytosine content than the rest of the bacterial genome They often have genetic instability None of the above The following are measures to prevent tetanus, Except Active immunization Proper wound care Prophylactic use of antitoxin Giving of muscle relaxant and sedative None of the above The coagulase test, in which the bacteria cause plasma to clot, is used to distinguish Streptococcus pyogenes from staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus pyogenes from enterococcus faecalis Staphylococcus aureus from staphylococcus epidermidis Staphylococcus epidermidis from neisseria meningitides "A 25 year old male develops fever and jaundice. He consulted a physician who finds blood test for HBs antigen and anti-HBs antibody are negative." Which of the following additional test is useful to establish that the hepatitis was indeed due to hepatitis B virus ? Anti-HBc antibody Delta antigen Anti-HBe antibody HBe antigen Habitat of this fungi is dry pigeon droppings which serve as reservoirs is Cryptococcus neoformans Blastomyces dermatitidis Aspergillus flavus Sporothrix schenckii What is the role of giving antimicrobial agent penicillin in the treatment of tetanus ? A. Penicillin stops further the production of toxin B. Penicillin strongly inhibit the growth of clostridium tetani C. Penicillin may also control associated pyogenic infections All of the above A and b Which of the following best describe herpes simples infection ? Regional lymphadenopathy maybe painful The eruption is usually bilateral The eruptive period is very painful The lesions are very different from those of varicella The fungi that causes superinfection in an altered or immunodeficient host ? Mucor species Sporothrix schenckii Aspergillus fumigatus Geotrichum candidum
