Download Past civilization

Past
civilization
(WW2)
Kyrbassov Nurzhan
World War II resulted in enormous
destruction and loss of life. The war
devastated entire countries, turned
cities and villages into ruins, and led
to the death of many millions of
people. The largest human losses 26.6 million people - were suffered
by the Soviet Union. Germany and
its European allies lost, according to
various estimates, from 8 to 13
million people. At least 6 million
citizens of Poland, 6 million Jews,
2-3 million Japanese, 1.7 million
inhabitants of Yugoslavia were
killed.
China's military losses amount to
approximately 5 million people, and
in total, about 18 million people died
in China during the years of the war
- mainly from hunger and disease.
No one counted the losses of the
indigenous people of Asian and
African countries, on whose territory
military operations were conducted:
Burma, Indonesia, Vietnam,
Malaya, Tunisia, Syria, Ethiopia,
Somalia. The military losses of
France, the USA and Great Britain
were relatively small: 635 thousand
killed in France, about 300
thousand in the USA, over 400
thousand in Great Britain.
However, the results of the Second
World War are not limited to losses
and destruction. As a result of the
war, the face of the world has
changed: new borders and new
states have appeared, new trends
in social development have been
outlined, major inventions and
discoveries have been made
The war gave a strong impetus to
the development of science and
technology. Radar, jet aircraft,
ballistic missiles, antibiotics,
electronic computers and many
other inventions and discoveries
were made or came into wide use
during the war. The beginning of the
mastery of atomic energy belongs
to wartime, thanks to which the
twentieth century. often referred to
as the atomic age. It was then that
the foundations of the scientific and
technological revolution were laid,
which has transformed and
continues to transform the post-war
world.
A very important outcome and
consequence of the Second World War
was the collapse of the colonial system.
Before the war, the vast majority of the
world's population lived in colonies
whose area and population were many
times larger than the metropolitan
countries: Great Britain, France, Holland,
Belgium, Italy, Japan. During the Second
World War, and especially after its end,
part of the dependent and colonial
countries: Syria, Lebanon, Vietnam,
Laos, Cambodia, Indonesia, Burma, the
Philippines, Korea - declared themselves
independent. In 1947, India became de
facto independent, divided into two
dominions: India and Pakistan.
The Soviet Union led the social
forces opposed to capitalism. Two
main poles of attraction of
European forces were formed,
conditionally called East and West;
two ideological and military-political
blocs began to take shape, a
confrontation in a variety of specific
post-war structures - the pole of a
two-fold - world.