Download chapter 30 first part of outline

US enters the war...three of
The reasons...
1)Germany attacks on American
Shipping-unarmed ships
2)Zimmerman Telegram proposing
Alliance with Mexico
(intercepted)
3) Wilson’s desire to be involved
in the post- war settlement
• The United States was entirely unprepared for war
• Selective Service Act: organizes a draf t for soldiers to fight in the war-
• American Expeditionary Force headed by General Pershing
• Total War effort: all aspects of the country mobilizes for the war
effort
• War was financed by war bonds and income taxes from the 16
amendment
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Federal Agencies created to help with war:
• National War Labor Board: headed up by William H Taf t helped mediate
labor disputes and prevent strikes
– AFL supported the war effort / IWW opposes the war
• War Industries Board: led by Bernard Baruch set production priorities
for war
• U.S. Food Administration: Headed by Herbert Hoover encouraged
Americans to conserve food for war effort
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• WWI boosted support for the 18 Amendment (prohibited sale,
consumption, manufacture, or transport of alcohol)
– 1) Conserve resources 2) Also due to Anti-German sentiment in the
U.S.
• Committee of Public Information headed by
George Creel: promote the U.S. war effort
with propaganda
Creel sent 75,000 men to deliver speeches
in favor of the war. Wanted them to “sell It”
to the American people.
-splashed posters all over
-Distributed pamphlets about the war
• Espionage Act (1917): prohibited
interference with the draft or war effort.
Eugene Debbs-made an “anti-war” speech
in Ohio protesting the US involvement in
the war. He was arrested and sentenced to
10 years in jail.
• William Haygood-member of 1WW…anti war
activist also arrested for anti-war talk.
Schenck VS United States
Charles Schenck was arrested under the Espionage Act
for mailing leaflets to men eligible for the draft
The SupremeCourt supports the argument that freedom of speech
could be restricted