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CSIT CSC111Fall 2021/2022 CSC111: Fundamentals of Programming Lab 5 1. What is the objective of the code below? In other words, what does this code do? #include <iostream> int main() { // get a integer from the user int number; std::cout << "Enter a number: "; std::cin >> number; int new_number = 0; while (number != 0) { new_number = new_number * 10; new_number = new_number + number % 10; number = number / 10; } // print the new number std::cout << "The new number is: " << new_number << std::endl; } 2. The Collatz Conjecture or 3x + 1 problem can be summarized as follows: start with any positive integer n. Then each term is obtained from the previous term as follows: if the previous term is even, the next term is one half of the previous term. If the previous term is odd, the next term is 3 times the previous term plus 1. Repeat the process indefinitely. The conjecture states that no matter which number you start with, you will always reach 1 eventually. Given a number n, return the number of steps required to reach 1. Let the starting number be entered from the user. Examples Starting with n = 12, the steps would be as follows: 1. 12 2. 6 3. 3 4. 10 5. 5 6. 16 CSIT CSC111Fall 2021/2022 7. 8 8. 4 9. 2 10. 1 Resulting in 9 steps. So for input n = 12, the return value would be 9. 3. A mail order house sells five different products whose retail prices are product 1 — $2.98, product 2—$4.50, product 3—$9.98, product 4—$4.49 and product 5—$6.87. Write a program that reads a series of pairs of numbers as follows: a) Product number b) Quantity sold for one day Your program should use a switch statement to help determine the retail price for each product. Your program should calculate and display the total retail value of all products sold last week. 4. One interesting application of computers is drawing graphs and bar charts (sometimes called “histograms”). Write a program that reads five numbers (each between 1 and 30). For each number read, your program should print a line containing that number of adjacent asterisks. For example, if your program reads the number seven, it should print *******. 5. The factorial function is used frequently in probability problems. The factorial of a positive integer n (written n! and pronounced “n factorial”) is equal to the product of the positive integers from 1 to n. Write a program that evaluates the factorials of the integers from 1 to 5. Print the results in tabular format. What difficulty might prevent you from calculating the factorial of 20?