Download Diseases of chest wall

DISEASES OF
CHEST WALL
By Yashdeep, 7 th Sem 4 th Group
If Diagnosis is clear
during CT or MRI scan
 Benign
 Fibrous
Tumours
dysplasia
 Chondroma
 Osteochondroma
 Lipoma
 Rhabdomyosarcoma
 Malignant
Tumors
 Chondrosarcoma
If Diagnosis is NOT clear
during CT or MRI scan
 Malignant
soft tissue sarcoma
 Fibrosarcoma
 Malignant
fibrous histiocytoma
 Liposarcoma
 Angiosarcomas
 Ewing’s
sarcoma
 Osteosarcoma
Benign Tumours

Osteochondroma

An overgrowth of cartilage and bone

Happens at the end of the bone near the growth plate

Common in males

Cause pain as they progress

Symptoms can show

A hard, mass that is painless

Lower-than-normal-height for age

Soreness of the nearby muscles

Diagnosed by X-Ray, CT, MRI

Surgical treatment is resection


Chondroma

Rare, slow-growing tumour

Made up of cartilage and forms on or in bones or soft
tissue

Primarily seen in children's and young adults

Painless mass is present

Most chondromas do not cause symptoms, but pain,
swelling, and broken bones can occur

Treatment is surgical resection with a 2cm margin
Fibrous dysplasia

Frequently occurs in young adults

A chronic problem in which scar-like tissue grows in place
of normal bone

Excision is recommended to reduce symptoms

Lipoma

Benign tumour composed of adipose tissue

fatty tumor located just below the skin

Onset is 40-60 yrs

Lipomas tend to run in families.

Risk factor incluse obesity, family history, insufficient
exercise
Malignant Tumors
Chondrosarcoma
 A type of bone cancer that develops in cartilage cells
 Slowly enlarge and can reach massive size
 Are painful

Risk factors can be
•
Increasing age - most often in middle-aged and older adults,
•
Other bone diseases

Diagnosed by physical exam, X-Ray, CT, MRI, Biopsy

Should be treated with 4cm wide complete resection

Ewing’s sarcoma

Occurs in bones or in the soft tissue around
the bones

Ewing sarcoma most often begins in the leg
bones and in the pelvis

More common in children and teenagers

Symptoms can include:

•
Pain, swelling or tenderness near the affected
area
•
Unexplained tiredness
•
Fever with no known cause
•
Losing weight without trying
the DNA changes most often affect a gene called
EWSR1

Osteosarcoma

Usually develops in the osteoblast cells that form bone

Present as rapidly enlarging painful masses

Tends to occur in teenagers and young adults

Symptoms:

•
Swelling near a bone
•
Bone or joint pain
•
Bone injury or bone break for no clear reason
Treatment usually involves chemotherapy, surgery and, sometimes,
radiation therapy

Malignant soft tissue sarcoma

Include Fibrosarcoma

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma

Liposarcoma

Angiosarcomas

Rhabdomyosarcoma
Angiosarcomas

They are uncommon

Primary treatment is wide surgical resection with 4cm margins and
reconstruction except Rhabdomyosarcoma.

Rhabdomyosarcoma are treated with chemo.

Prognosis depends on their grade and stage
Malignant fibrous histiocytoma
Liposarcoma
Fibrosarcoma
Rhabdomyosarcoma