Download Cellular Respiration

The Bodies Energy
 The body is made up of cells
 Cells need energy for cell metabolism (all
the things that your body does)
 To move (muscles)
 To grow (cell repair and growth)
 To maintain health
 To send messages to and from the brain (nerves)
Cells cannot use ‘food’
 Energy comes in many forms
 Light
 heat
 Electrical
 It can be stored in things like batteries and
food (chemical energy)
 There are substances in your cells that store
energy – like a rechargeable battery
Adenosine Tri-Phosphate
 ATP is the cells rechargeable batteries
Structure
adenosine
P
P
P
P = phosphate
Respiration
 ATP is recharged by Respiration
adenosine
P P
P
adenosine
P P P
How is ATP made
 ATP is made by breaking up the glucose
molecule
 This is done in three stages
Stage 1 –
 Glycolysis – breaks glucose in half
 This happens in the cytoplasm of the cell
 You don’t need oxygen
 Only 2 ATP are recharged
What’s the oxygen for??
Oxygen is need to get even more energy from
glucose
 If oxygen is present, then the products of
glycolysis move in to the mitochondria for
stages 2 and 3.
 There they will be further broken down to
create MUCH more ATP energy.
What if oxygen is NOT present?
 Respiration is BETTER with Oxygen!
 Without oxygen, cells have to switch to
Anaerobic Respiration which is maintained
through Fermentation.
Two Types of Fermentation
 Alcoholic Fermentation:
 used by yeast only
 produces alcohol and CO2
 Lactic Acid Fermentation:
 used by animals/bacteria
 produces lactic acid
 Makes muscles cramp when working too hard
Cellular Respiration Equation
 Equation:
O2 + C6H12O6 → CO2 + H2O + energy (ATP)
oxygen + glucose → carbon dioxide + water + ATP
MEMORIZE THIS!
(Does it look familiar?!)
YES!
 Respiration is the exact opposite of
photosynthesis!
Photosynthesis:
CO2 + 6H2O + energy → O2 + C6H12O6
Respiration:
O2 + C6H12O6 → CO2 + H2O + energy (ATP)
Photosynthesis and Respiration together
make the Carbon cycle.
to make
glucose
+
oxygen
carbon dioxide
+
water
to break
Comparing Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration
Photosynthesis
Cellular Respiration
function
energy capture
energy released
location
chloroplasts
mitochondria
reactants
CO2 and H2O
C6H12O6 and O2
products
C6H12O6 and O2
CO2 and H2O
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O
equation
energy
energy