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Sustainability and stabilised earth materials for structural applications Abstract Global per capita consumption of construction materials is about 3.5 tonnes per year. Cement, steel, aggregates, bricks, glass, aluminium, etc. represent bulk of these materials. Energy and material resources are the basic essentials for the construction sector. Mined raw materials are converted to construction products and then assembled to produce buildings and other infrastructure. Consumption of energy causes pollution while mining of materials causes irreparable damage to the environment. Construction sector is surviving on mined materials and hence its sustainability is questionable. The sustainable construction practices should address two crucial issues pertaining to the consumption of raw materials and the energy consumption. Use of natural materials or the materials made with minimum alterations to natural materials, can result in lower emissions as well as reduce stress on the environment. Such materials can be termed as zero or low embodied carbon construction materials. Soil based materials (without much processing) have been extensively used for the construction in the past and currently large chunk of the population still lives in earthen houses. There are attempts to improve the structural characteristics of earthen materials through stabilisation techniques. The presentation will focus on the R&D work pertaining to stabilised earth materials for structural applications along with some thoughts on the sustainability of construction sector. Magnitude of global materials consumption in the construction industry, embodied energy in buildings and some ideas on meeting the demand for raw materials in the construction industry will be discussed. Structural characteristics of stabilised soil blocks and rammed earth for the building construction along with examples and case studies of buildings will form the main focus of the presentation.