Download TEST REVIEW - Protein Synthesis – ANSWERS ON LAST PAGE

TEST REVIEW - Protein Synthesis – ANSWERS ON LAST PAGE
Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. Where in a cell are the nucleic acids stored?
a. cell membrane
c. vacuole
b. nucleus
d. ribosome
2. Which of the following is identical for every cell in each of the four organs?
a. Amount of ATP
c. Size of cell
b. Function of cell
d. Genes in DNA
3. In human cells, the four nitrogen bases that make up the genetic code are shared with
a. primates only.
c. mammals only.
b. all eukaryotes, but no prokaryotes.
d. all living organisms.
4. Genes contain instructions for assembling
a. purines.
c. proteins.
b. nucleosomes.
d. pyrimidines.
5. Which of the following is a nucleotide found in DNA?
a. ribose + phosphate group + thymine
c. deoxyribose + phosphate group + uracil
b. ribose + phosphate group + uracil
d. deoxyribose + phosphate group + cytosine
6. Which of the following are found in both DNA and RNA?
a. ribose, phosphate groups, and adenine
c. phosphate groups, guanine, and cytosine
b. deoxyribose, phosphate groups, and
d. phosphate groups, guanine, and thymine
guanine
7. Which type(s) of RNA is(are) involved in protein synthesis?
a. transfer RNA only
c. ribosomal RNA and transfer RNA only
b. messenger RNA only
d. messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, and
transfer RNA
8. How many codons are needed to specify five amino acids?
a. 5
c. 3
b. 10
d. 12
9. DNA provides a very significant role in the formation and development of an organism. What is that role?
a. encodes information
c. produces food material
b. provides protection from disease
d. releases energy
10. A linear code of 3 sequential bases on one side of a RNA molecule is a a. base pair
c. amino acid
b. codon
d. gene
11. What is the function of mRNA?
a. providing the energy for the duplication of cells
b. preventing mutations in the genetic code
c. storing food material for keeping cells alive
d. carrying the genetic message from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes
12. Which of the following describes a role that ribosomes assume in the production of proteins?
a. Transports nutrients from inside the cell to the cell membrane to be used in making
proteins.
b. Produces energy for the cell to use during protein synthesis.
c. Translates mRNA into a specific amino acid chain.
d. Rids the cell of leftover amino acids once the proteins have been synthesized.
____ 13. Which type of ribonucleic acid combines with proteins to form a ribosome?
a. mRNA
c. sRNA
b. tRNA
d. rRNA
____ 14. What do these three statements describe?
I. Instructions for translating information into proteins
II. Alignment and sequence of genes on a chromosome
III. Composed of nucleotide triplets
a. protein synthesis
c. cell differentiation
b. genetic code
d. DNA fingerprinting
____ 15. Draw a molecule of DNA. Include the following:
a. use all four Nitrogen bases
b. label the sugar & phosphate
c. circle a single nucleotide
____ 16. How many bases are needed to code for two amino acids?
a. 2
c. 6
b. 3
d. 12
Completion
Complete each sentence or statement.
17. The Watson and Crick model of DNA is a(an) _________________________, in which two strands are
wound around each other.
18. The order of nitrogenous bases in DNA determines the order of ____________________ in proteins.
19. During the first part of protein synthesis, ____________________ takes place in the cell’s nucleus and
produces a strand of mRNA from one strand of DNA.
20. During ____________________ the cell uses information from mRNA to produce proteins.
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Use the codon wheel or codon chart in Figure 12-2 to answer the following questions.
Figure 12–2: The Genetic Code
21. What codon specifies the amino acid methionine?
22. What are the six codons that specify for the amino acid Arginine?
23. What amino acid does the codon UUA code for?
24. What amino acid does the codon GAC code for?
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25. One side of a DNA molecule has the sequence TCGCAGTAA. What is the sequence of the
complementary strand of DNA?
__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
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26. One side of a DNA molecule has the sequence TACGATCCG. What is the sequence of the
complementary strand of mRNA?
__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
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Use Figure 12-5 to answer the following questions.
Figure 12–5
27. What process is represented in Figure 12-5?
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28. Identify structure A in Figure 12–5. _________________________
29. Identify structures B & G in Figure 12–5. _________________________
30. Identify structure C in Figure 12–5. _________________________
31. Identify structure D in Figure 12–5. _________________________
32. Identify structure E in Figure 12–5. _________________________
33. Identify structure F in Figure 12–5. _________________________
34. What are Methionine and Asparagine? _________________________
TEST REVIEW - Protein Synthesis ANSWERS
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ANS: B
2. ANS: D
3. ANS: D
4. ANS: C
5. ANS: D
6. ANS: C
7. ANS: D
8. ANS: A
9. ANS: A
10. ANS: B
11. ANS: D
12. ANS: C
13. ANS: D
14. ANS: B
15. ANS: A
16. ANS: C
COMPLETION
17. ANS:
18. ANS:
19. ANS:
20. ANS:
double helix
amino acids
transcription
translation
SHORT ANSWER
21. ANS: AUG
22. ANS: AGG AGA CGG CGC
23. ANS: Leucine
24. ANS: Aspartic Acid
25. ANS: AGC GTC ATT
26. ANS: AUG CUA GGC
OTHER
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
protein synthesis
Nucleus
mRNA
ribosome
tRNA
anticodon
codon
amino acids
CGU
translation
CGA