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Download VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS
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VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS Inside a Volcano • Magma Chamber- A pocket of collected magma beneath a volcano. • Pipe- A long tube in the ground that connects the magma chamber to Earth’s surface. • Vent- An opening where gas and molten rock leave the volcano. • Lava Flow- The area covered by lava as it pours out of a vent. • Crater- A bowl shaped area that may form at the top of a volcano around the central vent. • Pyroclastic Flow - Occurs when an explosive eruption hurls out a mixture of hot gases, ash, cinders, and bombs. When a volcano erupts, the force of the expanding gases pushes magma from the magma chamber through the pipe until it flows or explodes out of the vent. Types of Eruptions (2 types) • Quiet – A volcano erupts quietly if its magma is LOW in silica. – Thin magma that flows easily • Explosive – A volcano erupts explosively if the magma is HIGH in silica. – Thick and sticky magma. – Clogs volcano’s pipe and creates more pressure. Volcano Life Cycles • Active: Also known as “live”… A volcano that is erupting or showing signs that it will erupt in the near future. • Dormant: Also known as “sleeping”…A volcano that is not currently active, but may become active in the future. • Extinct: Also known as “dead”… A volcano that is unlikely to erupt again.