Download Ch 3 Notes-Renaissance (handout fill in the blank)

Chapter 3: How Did the Western Worldview Grow Out of the
Renaissance
Explorers:
 1492: ____________________ sailed to what he thought was Japan. In fact he was at
an island in the Caribbean. Columbus was sponsored by Queen Isabella and King
Ferdinand of Spain. Columbus never reached mainland North America.
 1497: Even though England was not really interested in exploration, the monarch
sponsored __________________________ who sailed to North America.
 1501: ______________________ was an Italian merchant and mapmaker who
explored the coast of Brazil. North and South America are named after him.
 1519: _______________________ sailed around the tip of South America and named
the Pacific Ocean. He reached the eastern part of Asia and his ships were the first
to circumnavigate the globe. He was killed in the Philippines.
 1534: France sponsored ___________________________ who sailed to the New World
and explored up the St. Lawrence river as far north as present day Montreal (then
known as Hochelaga).
How Did New Religious Views Become Part of the Western
Worldview?
– Two views of religion existed in the Western worldview:
o Believed that individuals should follow the rules, rituals, and teachings
of the RCC
o Believed that individuals should question and respond to the Bible
personally
– Some questions raised
o The necessity to follow the Church laws and rituals
o The actions of the clergy and popes
– Many wanted to see things reformed, but not break from the RCC
– This was called the Protestant Reformation
Protestant Reformer#1: Martin Luther
– What He Believed:
– What He Did:
– What Happened:
– His followers became the _______________________
Protestant Reformer#2: John Calvin
– What He Believed:
– What He Did:
– What Happened:
– His followers became the _______________________
Protestant Reformer#3: John Knox
– What He Believed:
– What He Did:
– What Happened:
– His followers became the _______________________
Protestant Reformer#4: King Henry VIII
– What He Believed:
– What He Did:
– What Happened:
– His followers became the _______________________
Roman Catholic Supporters: King Ferdinand & Queen Isabella
– What they Believed:
– What they Did:
– What Happened:
How Did Ideas of National Identity and Citizenship Begin to Develop
During the Renaissance
 The idea of _____________began to develop in the Renaissance.
 Towards the end of the Renaissance, small __________ units began to join and
develop into larger states. These States then became countries because:
o Societies became more ___________ = power shifting to cities not rural areas;
Monarch supporting growth of cities by improving trade laws
o Citizens developed new identities of belonging to a _________as well as to their
_____________communities = common elements such as language, religions,
beliefs, etc
o ________________was introduced from China, which changed the nature of
battles between monarchs and nobles who owned ______________property =
monarch purchase gunpowder & hire soldiers which they used to gain control of
noble’s lands which led to larger states
o The invention of the ____________and the use of local languages helped create
national _____________ = books on histories of the countries
o ____________of new lands also led to a sense of greater national identity =
collective pride in discoveries; led to establishment of colonies
For Homework: Read pgs. 96-97 – create a graphic organizer to make notes &
answer Q#1(a)
Expansionism:________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
How Did a Spirit of Exploration Become Part of the Western
Worldview?
 Governments & traders wanted to expand control of trade around
____________________.
 _____________ wanted to gain the wealth that came from trading with the East
 New trade routes; increased geographic knowledge; new sailing technologies
spurred the start of the ________________________________________ (Discovery)
o began during the Renaissance: ____________________________________
 Europeans wanted/needed to expand their ______________to other parts of the
world
o _____________________ is the territorial or economic expansion to other countries
o Resulted in the spreading of the ______________worldview to other continents of
the world
Factors Affecting Expansionism
The need for new trade routes
 Merchants would form a ____________ and pool their money together
to fund
trading trips and would share the ________ for the sale of goods.
o Making a profit through trade became an important part of the European
world view.
 Countries like ___________________________________________ wanted to cut out the
middle-men in the trading route. (______________________________________)
 ________________________________ and ___________________started to fund new
exploratory trading routes to the East.
New Ideas and Knowledge
Geography
 ___________________ (Greek Philosopher) - believed that the earth was round and
flat, like a plate
 ____________________ (Egyptian Geographer) - believed that it was round like a ball
but only one ocean.
 Islamic and European scientists such as ________________ agreed with this.
 _________________ were confident to sail westwards & believed that
they could
sail west to Asia
Interest in learning more about the world
 _____________________ & ______________________ created an interest in trade and
exploration.
 Advances in _________________ [distribution of maps & navigation tables],
__________________ [use of astrolabe], and _____________________ [carracks &
caravel]
How Did the Age of Exploration (1400’s – 1600’s) Begin? (p.103 – 108)
 A European desire to expand their influence to other areas of the world became a
major part of their worldview. European ___________________ would spread the
Western worldview to all inhabited continents of the world.
 _______________, _______________, _______________ and _______________ became the
leading players in the Age of Exploration because:
 _______________ – An Atlantic coastline put them in the best position to explore
 _______________ – Wanted to set up independent trading relationships with Asia
so they sponsored explorers by financing their voyages.
 _______________ – New ship designs, navigational tools (astrolabe) and
navigational information enables explorers to sail the new-world and far-off
lands. The printing press spurred the wide distribution of maps and
navigational tables.
 The new values of ____________& ____________, __________________________ and
_________________________ fueled the race for new trade routes.
 The Roman Catholic Church was very involved in the exploration of new lands
because ____________________________________________________________.
Portugal
 Early 1400’s: Portuguese sailors sailed around the southern tip of __________ to
establish a trade route to India & China.
 The city of Lisbon became the main trading city of Europe.
 _______________________ and _______________________ were 2 of Portugal’s most
famous explorers at this time.
Spain
 The Spanish were envious of Portugal’s wealth and started their own series of
explorations.
 Spanish explorers sailed west to try to reach Asia’s eastern shores; however, they
did not realize that _______ _____________________ were in between Spain and Asia.
England:
 England wanted to compete with Spain and Portugal’s wealth so they started
focusing on exploration in the _______________________
 English explorers (____________________ and ____________________) looked for a
North West passage through Canada to India & China.
 England had _____________ _________________ along the North American Atlantic
coast and in the West Indies than any other European power.
France
 At first France was preoccupied by wars with England and Italy.
 France sponsored expeditions to areas that were farther __________ and __________.
 Cartier’s explorations set the stage for France’s future exploration and colonization
of the New World.
How Did the Age of Exploration Lead to Imperialism?
Imperialism:_____________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
 Britain and Spain had built huge empires that spanned the globe.
 Through policies of ____________________ these countries maintained control over
the inhabitants and resources of the New World.
 Built on the desire to increase _________________ and _________________
 The colonies & land they controlled were to further the interests & increase
wealth of ______________________________________.
The European view of the rest of the world
 Europeans believed that they were _____________ and _____________ superior,
therefore they had every right to control the people and resources of these new
lands.
 The ___________________ people were not considered as equals.
 Belief that one’s own race and culture was superior to those people of other
societies is known as _________________________________.
 Examples of ethnocentrism on pages 110 and 111.
How Did the Exchange of Goods and Products Change the World?
 The exchange of foodstuffs, metals, plants, animals and diseases affected
economies and changed traditional ways of life of people around the world.
 Europeans introduced: _________________________________________________
 Product of Americas: ___________________________________________________
 European diseases had devastating effects on the local Indigenous people who did
not have _________________ to European diseases.
 It is estimated that _____% to _____% of the Aboriginal population died as a result
of European disease.
How Did Imperialism Affect European Worldviews?
Ideas & Knowledge
 Although Europeans considered their way of life as superior, they were impressed
by the First Nations ideas of ___________________, leadership & _____________
government and lack of emphasis on _____________ property.
 Europeans saw the New World as a place offering new ___________________ , free
land & escape from _______________________________.
 The importance of _________________________ of religion is a key part of the Western
Worldview.
 Personal freedom, leadership, individual choice of religion are key parts of the
modern Western Worldview.
Economic System
 As more ______________ and ________________ came into Europe from the New
World, its buying power was reduced which resulted in ____________________.
 The price of goods rose due to this inflation which caused hardships for
________________________________ who did not have the wealth from colonies.
 Spain and France purchased most of their goods from other countries which led to
industrialization in countries such as ___________________, __________________ and
the _________________________.
 By the end of 17th century, power was shifting from Spain and Portugal to these
countries due to this initial industrial development.
Definitions:
1. Capitalist Society (chapter 2)
2. Quality of Life
3. Secular
4. Protestant
5. Mother Tongue
6. Nations (chapter 3)
7. Mercenary
8. Cartography
9. Circumnavigate
10. Consumerism
11. Ethnocentrism
12. Expansionism
13. Indigenous
14. Inflation
15. Imperialism