Download tongue, salivary glands and esophagus

TONGUE, SALIVARY GLANDS AND ESOPHAGUS
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Watch the Flash tutorial and complete the worksheet
Draw quick sketches of diagrams
Take the quiz at the end
TONGUE
The tongue is located in the __________ cavity and performs ____________
digestion as it pushes food against the ___________ and sides of the ________.
The ___________ region of the tongue (tip) faces forwards. The __________
surface is the upper surface.
All regions of the tongue (and parts of the inner mouth and throat) are involved in
___________, however, taste is sensed predominantly on the ___________
surface of the tongue.
This is where the majority of ____________ (singular = __________) are found.
________ ________ (collections of _________ ______/_______________) are
located along the ______________ borders of the papillae.
The taste buds are most sensitive in ____________ life.
Dissolved _________ particles stimulate __________ __________ which
activate ___________ _______/_________________ in the __________ ______
and cause nerve impulses to travel along ___________ in the tongue to the brain
where the taste is _____________.
How many taste _______________ are there?
It currently appears as if there are _____ basic tastes - ________, _________,
__________, ___________ and _____________. And all tastes are detected at
______ _____________ of the tongue.
It was originally thought that different tastes were sensed at different parts of the
tongue but research suggests that is not true.
The tongue also has _______ and ______ _______________ so food can be
perceived as both hot and sour, for example.
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SALIVARY GLANDS
There are ____ _________ of _______________ glands in the mouth region.
Each has a _________ (or tube) that carries ___________ from the gland into
the oral cavity.
Release of a chemical from a duct to a region ____________ the body is called
______________. Release ___________ of the body is called
_______________.
The 3 types of salivary glands:
(1) _____________ glands
(2) _______________ glands
(3) __________________ glands
Saliva is a watery fluid that contains the enzyme _______________ which begins
_____________ ______________ by breaking down the large sugar,
_____________, into smaller double sugars called ________________.
Maltose will be broken down into single _____________ molecules in the
________ _________________.
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ESOPHAGUS
The esophagus is a ____________ expandable muscular tube that carries food
from the __________ to the _____________. It has _____ major _________
___________ with a cavity in the centre called a _____________.
The layers from the lumen out: ____________, _______________ and
___________________.
The _____________ is the innermost layer. It is lined with
__________________ cells and is lubricated with mucus secreted by
__________ _____________.
Below the mucosa is the ______________. Mucus glands are present here and
their ducts travel through the mucosa and secrete mucus into the __________.
The __________________ is the most distal layer to the lumen. It is composed
of ______ types of ____________ tissue.
The ___________ secreted into the _________ reduces _____________ so food
can slide through the esophagus.
It also coats the ___________ surface and protects it from some _______ that
might escape from the ____________.
The ___________________ is composed of two muscle layers. The inner
_____________ _______________ wraps around the esophagus and
____________ it when it contracts.
The outer ____________________ _______________ runs the length of the
esophagus and ______________ it when it contracts.
Both of these muscle layers allow the esophagus to propel food to the stomach in
a process called _____________________.
The _______________ __________________ that propel food through the
esophagus are called PERISTALSIS.
This requires the coordinated contraction of _______________ and
__________________ muscles of the ___________________ layer.
When food is swallowed, it is in the form of a ball called a ___________.
The _________________ muscles contract at position 1, narrowing the
____________ of the esophagus and pushing the ___________ down. The
process is repeated at position 2 and so on.
Contraction of the _________________ muscles ______________ the
esophagus and helps to move the food along.
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QUIZ: FILL IN THE BLANKS
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The taste buds are found on the lateral borders of the _______________.
Most taste buds are located on the ____________ surface of the tongue.
There are _____ (#) basic taste modalities.
The first structure to come in contact with dissolved food particles and
begin the tasting process are _____________ fibres.
Starch is a long chain of ___________ molecules.
Amylase is an __________ that converts starch into ___________.
There are _____ pairs of salivary glands.
Saliva enters the oral cavity from salivary glands through tiny tubes
called ________.
The cavity or hole inside the esophagus is called the ____________.
The layer of the esophagus most proximal to the lumen is the _________.
________ glands in the submucosa secrete their chemical into the lumen
of the esophagus.
The muscularis of the esophagus consists of both _______________ and
___________________ muscles.
The muscular contractions that propel food down the esophagus are
called ______________________.
Contraction of the ________________ muscle layer constricts the
esophagus.