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OLED
Materials
for Display & Lighting Applications
Novaled Materials
Novaled is an expert in synthetic and analytical chemistry –
offering high performance materials for OE devices such as OLEDs.
The world of Organic Electronics is still young but proves its relevance by impressive
market growth rates.
OLED display products
OLED lighting products
Sales in Mio. USD
Sales in Mio. USD (est.)
2,000
615
2008
1,057
826
2009
50
2010
2011
2016
Sources: Pira, NanoMarkets, DisplaySearch
For Organic Light Emitting Diodes market research specialists expect a substantial
growth in both the more mature display field and the OLED lighting industry which
is just taking off. The same is true emerging markets like Organic Photo Voltaic and
other OE.
The Novaled materials are well established in different markets. It is known for improving the functionality of OLED and OPV devices, and is relevant for many other OE
applications like OTFTs.
ORGANIC ELECTRONICS
OLED
Other Organic Electronics
(Organic Light Emitting Diode)
Display
Lighting
• TV
• Mobile phone
• Illumination
• Signage
OPV
(Organic Photovoltaic)
• Organic Solar Cell
(OSC)
Application fields for Novaled technology and materials in Organic Electronics
Ansgar Werner
Senior Manager
Head of Business Line Materials
OTFT
(Organic Thin Film Transistor)
• Display
• RFID tag
Increasing OE device performance
Novaled is developing materials such as dopant, transport, interlayer
and outcoupling materials suitable for different applications.
Performance improvement and cost reduction for OLEDs, OSCs and other OE
devices are crucial factors to our customers.
Novaled materials contribute substantially to both factors. Another value-add is
an easy production handling of our materials.
OLED (Lighting)
OLED (Display)
OPV
(Organic Photovoltaic)
OTFT
(Organic Thin Film Transistor)
Dopant materials for p- and n-side
Transport and blocking materials
Internal outcoupling materials
External
outcoupling materials
Functionality of Novaled materials in different OE applications
The Novaled materials lead to significantly increased efficiencies, longer lifetimes
and a low voltage need for OLEDs. Our dedicated materials for OLED lighting improve also performance characteristics like angular emission and light outcoupling.
Novaled materials supports vacuum and solution processing and decreases manufacturing costs.
Improving OSC and OTFT performance
Overview of selected Novaled materials
Electrode
Hole Side (p-HTL)
Transport & Blocking Materials
Dopant Materials
p-HTL
NHT-5
NHT-18
NHT-49
NET-5 EML
NET-8n-ETL
NET-Electrode
18
NDP-2
NDP-9
NDN-1
NDN-26
p-n-junction Material
NET-39
Outcoupling Materials
NLE-17
NET-61
Materials for OSCs ...
enable
˘
˘
˘
˘
˘
˘
PIN Tandem solar cells for high short circuit voltage
Electrode
p-HTL
Easier Manufacturing
High stability
EML
n-ETL
Electrode
˘
˘
˘
˘
˘
˘
˘
EML
n-ETL
Electrode
Area selective contact doping
Reduced contact resistance
Complementary TFT
n-ETL
Electrode
Absorber
2
OLED
1 Electrode
Source
Electrode
Injection
Electrode
Internal
outcoupling
Semiconductor
Internal
p-HTLOLED 1
Stacking unit
Stacking unit
OLED 2n-ETL
OLED 2
Absorber 1
Electrode
outcoupling
Insulator
OLED
OLED
Gate
Electrode
Electrode
Electrode
p-HTL
OSC scheme
Electrode
Electrode
n-ETL
Absorber 2
p-HTL
n-ETL
Use of less expensive contact materials (replace
Gold)
Absorber 1
Perfect working with a wide range of OTFT materials
p-HTL
Both vacuum and solution processing
Electrode
Electrode
Optimized thickness for harvesting of the complete sun spectrum
Materials for OTFT ...
p-HTL
Long lifetime
enable
OLED 1
Stacking unit
OLED 2
Electrode
Electrode
Simpler stack designs
Electrode
Electron Side (n-ETL)
Electrode
n-ETL
Absorber 2
p-HTL
n-ETL
Absorber 1
p-HTL
Electrode
Source
Source
Injection
Semiconductor
Injection
Insulator
SemiconductorGate
Drain
Injection
Drain
Injection
Insulator
Gate
OTFT scheme
Increased mobility and high response frequency
relevant layers for Novaled materials
Improving functionality in OLEDs
Novaled materials enable OLED manufacturer to use the benefits of PIN-OLED such as better
product performance, simpler stack design, easier manufacturing in their products
Doping and transport materials …
Provide very low operating voltage and sustain or improve efficiency
and lifetime of OLED device
˘
Offer a unique combination of OLED performance and process compatibility:
˘
Evaporation temperature in reasonable range for simple process control
Low vapor pressure, no cross-contamination
Electrode
Electrode
EML
OLED 1
Stacking unit
OLED 2
Electrode
Electrode
p-HTL
n-ETL
High device stability because no diffusion of dopants in matrix layer even at high temperatures
Can be adapted to solution processes (high trough-put coating and printing techniques)
˘
Solution processed Novaled p-HTL materials improve yield
˘
Passed mass production tests of our customers
˘
Are created for our customers based on extensive know-how on OLED design
˘
Electrode
n-ETL
Materials for stacking OLEDs ...
Electrode
Enable very low operating voltage
p-HTL
˘
EML
Improve drastically operational stability
˘
n-ETL
Reduce absorption losses
˘
Electrode
Enable metal free stacked structures
˘
Electrode
p-HTL
EML
n-ETL
Electrode
Electrode materials ...
Optical outcoupling
Electrode
Internal
OLED 1 of OLED devices
˘ Improve light extraction
outcoupling
Stacking unit
Internal use
OLEDs
OLED
OLEDof
2 added function materials for bottom-emission
ExternalElectrode
use of top emission OLEDs
Improve efficiencies significantly
˘
Electrode Electrode
n-ETL
Absorber 2
˘ Enable white top-emission
Electrode
Electrode
OLEDs without microcavity effects
p-HTL
p-HTL
OLED 1
˘ Avoid viewing angle dependent
color coordinate shift
n-ETL
EML
Stacking unit
Absorber
1
OLED
2
n-ETL
p-HTL
Electrode
Electrode
Electrode
Electrode
n-ETL
Absorber 2
p-HTL
n-ETL
Source
Injection
Semiconductor
Insulator
Source
Injection
Absorber 2
Drain
Injection
p-HTL
Electrode
n-ETL
OLED 1
Absorber 1
Stacking unit
p-HTL
OLED 2
Electrode
Electrode
Semicondu
Electro
Insulator
Intern
Gate
outcoup
OLED
Electro
External
outcoupling
Electrode
OLED
Electrode
Source
Injection
Electrode
Semiconductor
Internal
Insulator
outcoupling
Gate
OLED
Electrode
Drain
Injection
ou
Novaled materials leading to
impressive device performances
Examples for high performance fully fluorescent OLEDs
Electrode
Red top emission OLED*** (temperature stable)
n-ETL:
Internal
Emitter
Layer outcoupling: NET-61
p-HTL: Emitter Layer
NHT-18
p-HTL:
with 3% NDP-9 doping
NHT-49
Electrode
with 3% NDP-9 doping
NHT-18
with 3% NDP-9 doping
Electrode
n-ETL:
NET18
with 10% NDN-26 doping
NET-18
Key features:
with 10% NDN-26 doping
˘ Measured power efficiency*:
Emitter Layer
28 lm/W with Novaled outcoupling
materials**, no foil
p-HTL:
34 lm/W with additional outcoupling
foil
NHT-18
˘ Driving voltage*: 3.1V with 3% NDP-9 doping
Electrode
˘ Color coordinates: CIE: 0.45/0.42
**Data measured in calibrated integrating sphere
Electrode
Electrode
Novaled outcoupling materialsElectrode
can be inserted into the
active part of OLED stacks
n-ETL:
*at 1000 cd/m2
n-ETL:
NET18
NET-18
with 10%
NDN-26 doping
with 10% NDN-26
doping
Key features:
NET-18
with 10% NDN-26 doping
˘ Lifetime (LT50) >35,000h at 85°C
Emitter Layer
˘ Stable to storage at 120°C
p-HTL:
˘
Driving voltage*: 2.3V
White bottom emission OLED***
Electrode
n-ETL:
Electrode
Internal outcoupling: NET-61
Emitter Layer
p-HTL:
NHT-49
with 3% NDP-9 doping
Electrode
***using fluorescent emitters
Novaled materials used in this stack
Material development directions
Target
Target
Process performance
e
cy
tim ficien
ef
r
we
Po
Device performance
Life
Opera
ting v
oltag
Cost
e
y
ilit
y
ilit
ab
l stNovaled materials used in this stack
a
m
tab
s
Air
er
Th
Solut
ion pro
cessin
g (com
plexit
Target
2010
Time
2013
2010
y/cos
Time
Further material development goals are e.g.:
˘
˘
˘
Higher lifetime especially at high temperatures
Outcoupling materials to further increase efficiency
Customize materials for solution processing to reduce production cost and focus on
Higher stability
Cross linking
Adaption to commercial solvents and industrial coating processes
t)
2013
Target
Novaled Material Properties
Novaled doping technology implements far more than conventional organic material structures.
Thermal stability and ease of handling are key features of Novaled materials.
Material Characteristics
Material Class
Transport /
Blocking Material
Electron Side
Doping Material
Electron Side
From absorption spectrum
From DSC
From TGA
Conductivity
(S/cm, ref)
Band Gap (eV)
Tg
(°C)
T@mass loss
0,5 % (°C)
HOMO
(eV)
LUMO
(eV)
NET-5
3.5e-4 (with 10% NDN-1)
3.3
105
298
-6.1
-2.5
NET-8
1.5e-6 (with 5% NDN-26)
3.2
139
409
-6.0
-2.5
NET-18
9.3e-6 (with 10% NDN-26)
3.3
131
356
-6.3
-2.6
NDN-1
3.5e-4 (10% in NET-5)
n.a.
n.a.
310
-2.6
n.a.
4,9
n.a.
237
-1.7
n.a.
Material
5.2e-7 (10% in NET-5)
NDN-26
Transport /
Blocking Material
Hole Side
Doping Material
Hole Side
9.3e-6 (10% in NET-18)
NHT-5
8.1e-5 (with 1% NDP-2)
3.0
143
409
-4.9
-1.6
NHT-18
2.6e-5 (with 3% NDP-9)
3.0
134
448
-5.1
-1.6
NHT-49 NEW
3.5e-5 (with 3% NDP-9)
3.0
141
478
-5.2
-1.9
8.1e-6 (1% in NHT-5)
2.4
n.a.
274
n.a.
-5.0
2.3
n.a.
289
n.a.
-5.1
NDP-2
2.6e-5 (3% in NHT-18)
NDP-9
p-n-junction
Material
Outcoupling
Material
From Cyclic Voltammetry
3.5e-5 (3% in NHT-49)
NET-39
NEW
n.a.
2.5
176
344
-5.8
-3.0
NLE-17
NEW
n.a.
3.4
n.a.
226
-5.4
n.a.
NET-61
NEW
n.a.
3.3
n.a.
259
n.a.
-2.7
Tg: glass transition temperature
n.a.: not applicable
Following flyers are available:
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TECHNOLOGY+
PERFORMANCE
Novaled AG
Tatzberg 49
01307 Dresden
Germany
Tel +49(0)351/7 96 58-0
Fax +49(0)351/7 96 58-29
[email protected]
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FOR&UTURE-ANUFACTURERS3UPPLIERS
KNOW HOW
+CONSULTING
Novaled AG is a world leading company in the OLED field specialized in high
efficiency long lifetime OLEDs and an expert in synthetic and analytical chemistry.
The company offers its Novaled PIN OLED® technology along with its proprietary
OLED materials as well as R&D contracting, manufacturing of customized OLEDs
and further services. Novaled has a strong IP position in OLED technology based
on more than 400 patents granted or pending.
www.novaled.com
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