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CSCI 115 Computer Programming Overview Computer Software • System Software – Operating systems – Utility programs – Language compilers • Application Software Language Compilers • Programming Generations – 5 Generations • 1GL - Machine Language • 2GL - Assembly Language • 3GL - Compiled Languages – Procedural » COBOL » C – OOP » Java » C++ • 4GL – SQL • 5GL Programming Languages • C – Powerful and flexible • FORTRAN – Mathematics and engineering • COBOL – Business • JAVA – Flexible – Web based • 100s of others History of Java • History of Java – First started in 1990 as Sun’s Green project • Digitally controlled consumer devices identified as trend – – – – Oak Trend did not grow as expected 1994 – WWW popularity Netscape packaged Java within browser • MS Explorer followed suit – Success ultimately depended on e-commerce Development Tools • 1995 – First JDK released by Sun (1.0) – Very limited • JDK 1.1 released – Limited GUI creation • 1.2 released – Major change – Swing components – Java 2 SDK release 1.2 – Better known as Java 2 Development Tools • Many environments within which to create apps – Any text editor – Eclipse – TextPad Problem Solving Technique • • • • Define Problem Devise plan to fix problem Implement the plan Test Steps in Java programming cycle • • • • Use editor to create source code Compile files Link files Execute program Number Bases • Electronic devices – 2-state system: On = 1, Off = 0 – Base 2 • Converting from non-decimal to decimal base – Expanded form • Converting from decimal to non-decimal base – Repeated division of non-decimal base • Calculator Java Program - Base Conversions import java.util.*; public class Bases { public static void main(String args[]) { Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in); int valToConvert = 0, base = 0; System.out.print("Enter the number to convert: "); valToConvert = s.nextInt(); System.out.println(); System.out.print("Enter the base to convert to: "); base = s.nextInt(); System.out.println(); System.out.print(valToConvert + " in base " + base); System.out.println(" is: " + Integer.toString(valToConvert, base)); System.out.println(); } }