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Warm-up Week 18 1. A mineral is a ______. a. Type of rock c. Extrusive Igneous Feature. b. Natural, solid with a definite crystalline structure. d. Salt 2. A resource is a _________ item that can be ______ to do something. a. necessary, used b. mineral, made c. valuable, manufactured 3. Oil comes from ______. a. Dead, marine animals c. Dead, land animals b. The store d. extrusive igneous deposits Californ ia 13A.1 & 13A.2 Minerals, energy, soil, water. Geology of CA Tectonics + Erosion = Physical Features – Below – Above (“Surface”) CA mineral resources • Mineral: 1. Natural 2. Solid 3. Organized crystal structure • Resource: – Necessary item – used to do something. CA’s Minerals • • • • • • • • Sand Gravel Crushed stone Building stone Gold Silver Iron Clay • Most Valuable Industrial Materials? • Metallic Minerals? • Nonmetallic Minerals? CA Energy Resources Oil • Dead marine organisms • 15% USA Oil – Source Rock – Reservoir Rock Natural Gas • Forms with oil • ↑ Rises to top of Reservoir Rock • Heating Geothermal 1. 2. 3. 4. “Earth” + “Heat” Volcanic Areas Magma heats ground water Steam spins turbines electricity! Q: What is CA’s most important resource? CA Soil! • Great Agriculture • Farms! – Less rain = More nutrients! Fun Fact: 500 yrs for 2.5 cm of soil to form. CA’s Water Freshwater Sources: 1. 2. 3. 4. Precipitation Surface water Groundwater Desalination = Remove salt from sea water 58 cm rain/yr 80% Farming 20% homes, business, recreation CA Aqueduct • Los Angeles was a Desert • Big, fake, River • Water from North South