Download Atmosphere Study Guide Answer Key The ozone layer protects us

Atmosphere Study Guide Answer Key
1.
The ozone layer protects us from harmful
UV rays by absorbing them before they can
reach Earth’s surface. The molecule ozone is
made from three oxygen atoms. The ozone
layer is found at the top of the
stratosphere and bottom of the mesosphere.
2.
Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere,
Thermosphere.
3.
a.
Troposphere: Layer that we and other
life forms live in, closest to the
ground, contains the most air molecules,
where weather occurs.
b.
Stratosphere: Where the jet stream, a
current of moving air, is located. Where
ozone is located.
c.
Mesosphere: Where ozone is located.
Coldest layer of the atmosphere. Where
meteors burn up due to friction.
d.
Thermosphere: The hottest layer of
the atmosphere. Two sub layers.
Ionosphere- positively and negatively
charged particles exist, Exosphere- where
satellites orbit
4.
The troposphere contains the most air
molecules because of gravity
5.
Nitrogen- 78%, Oxygen- 21%, Carbon
Dioxide- 1%
6.
Air density refers to how many air
molecules are in a given area. How air
density differs is the higher in altitude
you go the less dense the air is.
7.
Radiation is the transfer of heat from
one object to another through waves.
Example: The sun warming the cement
8.
Convection is the transfer of heat
through a gas or through a liquid. Example:
In order for a pot of water to boil, the
warm water needs to move from the bottom of
the pot to the top of the pot. As the warm
water rises it pushes the colder water to
the bottom causing a convection current. The
warm water heats the cold water until all
the water is the same temperature and
boiling.
9.
Conduction is the transfer of heat from
one object to another through direct
contact.
Example: Miss Daniels burning her finger on
her curling iron.
10.
Radiation warms the ground, then
conduction warms the air molecules that are
directly touching the ground, as that warm
air rises it warms other air molecules
around it because of convection.
11.
The greenhouse effect is a process where
greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane,
nitrogen oxide) in our atmosphere absorb
heat from the ground and send it back to
Earth which warms Earth’s surface.
12.
What creates more greenhouse gases in our
atmosphere are the burning of fossil fuels,
landfills, livestock, the use of certain
fertilizers and pesticides.
13.
The UV in UV radiation stands for ultraviolet
14.
Particle pollutants are tiny particles or
droplets that are present in the air and are
harmful. Some examples include dust, pollen,
salt and smoke
15.
About 50% of all solar radiation is
absorbed by Earth’s surface.