Download Test 2 - spring 2005

A&P 2 – Spring 2005
Test 2 – Cardiac output, blood, blood vessels, lymphatic system
Form A
Name ________________________
Lab _________
1. Valves controlling the direction of blood flow are found in:
a. capillaries
b. veins
c. arteries
e. all of the above
2. The __________ is thicker in arteries than in veins.
a. tunica interna
b. endothelium
c. tunica externa
d. tunica media
3. A thrombocyte is a:
a. Red blood cell
b. A type of white blood cell
c. A platelet
d. A blood clot
4. What animal is it the easiest to get down from?
a. elephant
b. horse
c. pig
d. duck
5. Blood flow for the entire body is equal to:
a. stroke volume
b. heart rate
c. cardiac output
d. blood pressure
6. In a hematocrit, the normal percentages of plasma to red blood cells to white blood cells and platelets is:
a. 55:1:45
b. 45:55:1
c. 55:45:1
d. 1:1:1
7. Which of the following would not cause edema?
a. increase in BHP
b. increase in IFOP
c. increase in BOP
d. increase in IFHP
8. Rank the types of capillaries from most permeable to least permeable.
a. sinusoid, fenestrated, continuous
b. sinusoid, continuous, fenestrated
c. continuous, sinusoid, fenestrated
d. continuous, fenestrated, sinusoid
9. ADH will:
a. increase sodium in urine
b. promote a decrease in blood volume
c. result in a larger output of urine
d. promote an increase in blood pressure
10. Which best describes the relationship between blood flow and resistance?
a. they are directly related
b. they are indirectly related
c. they are not related
d. they are related, but only second cousins
11. After blood leaves a capillary, it next enters a (an):
a. vein
b. arteriole
c. venules
d. artery
12. Smooth muscle in blood vessels is located in the:
a. tunica imtima
b. tunica extema
c. tunica media
d. all of the above
13. Which of the following can produce an increase in blood pressure?
a. increased heart rate
b. increased peripheral resistance
c. increased blood viscosity
d. all of these
14. If the diameter of a blood vessel was decreased from 1 inch to 1/2 inch, which of the following would
occur?
a. resistance would decrease
b. blood pressure would decrease
c. blood pressure would increase
d. heart rate would drop
15. The Frank-Starling law of the heart suggests:
a. an increase in heart rate decreases cardiac output
b. an increase in venous return increases cardiac output
c. an increase in parasympathetics increases cardiac output
d. an decrease in blood pressure increases cardiac output
16. Which of the following is not one of the formed elements of the blood?
a. erythrocytes
b. platelets
c. plasma
d. thrombocytes
17. Old damaged red blood cells are recycled by the:
a. kidneys
b. bone marrow
c. spleen
d. thymus
18. Which of the following is not a characteristic of an erythrocyte?
a. no nucleus at maturity
b. can leave capillaries and enter interstitial fluid
c. function in 02 transport
d. filled with hemoglobin
19. Which factor decreases cardiac output?
a. increase ESV
b. increase EDV
c. increase HR
d. increase SV
20. Which factor increases cardiac output?
a. parasympathetics
b. decrease in venous return
c. cardioacceleratory center
d. increase ESV
21. Cardiac output is about _______ L/min.
a. 1
b. 3
c. 5
d. 7
22. Norepinephrine acts on heart muscle cells by:
a. decreasing heart contractility
b. causing a decrease in stroke volume
c. blocking the action of calcium
d. causing threshold to be reached more quickly
23. If the vagal nerves to the heart were cut, the result would be that:
a. the heart would stop, since the vagal nerves trigger the heart to contract
b. the heart rate would increase by about 25 beats per minute
c. the AV node would become the pacemaker of the heart
d. parasympathetic stimulation would stop
24. Which of the following white blood cells is the most numerous?
a. neutrophil
b. basophil
c. eosinphil
d. leukocyte
25. The pressure that draws fluid into capillaries because of proteins in the blood is called:
a. blood hydrostatic pressure
b. interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure
c. blood osmotic pressure
d. interstitial fluid osmotic pressure
26. If mean arterial pressure goes up:
a. then cardiac output increases
b. ESV increases
c. ESV decreases
d. stroke volume increases
27. A build-up of excess interstitial fluid
a. may occur if lymphatic vessels are blocked
b. may occur if blood pressure is lower than normal
c. may occur if there is excess protein in the blood plasma
d. is called lymphoma
28. Lymph returns to the bloodstream by vessels that open into the
a. blood capillaries
b. veins in the neck/shoulder region
c. heart
d. inferior vena cava
29. Which of the following is TRUE?
a. The upper right side of the body does not have lymphatic drainage.
b. A lymph capillary is a closed-ended tube with walls made of epithelial cells that slightly overlap
c. Starling was right; all the fluid filtered out of capillaries at the arterial end normally returns to the capillary at
the venous end.
d. all of these are correct
30. Which of the following is NOT a lymphatic organ?
a. thyroid gland
b. spleen
c. thymus gland
d. lymph node
31. Permitting the exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and tissue cells is the primary function of
a. capillaries
b. arteries
c. veins
d. arterioles
32. Which is true?
a. vasodilation results from parasympathetic stimulation of blood vessels
b. increased blood volume results in increased blood pressure
c. vasoconstriction of the venous reservoir decreases venous return
d. lymph is propelled by the contraction of the lymphatic heart located in the abdominal cavity
33. Select the correct statement about cardiac output
a. a slow heart rate increases end diastolic volume and therefore stroke volume
b. decreased venous return will result in increased end diastolic volume and therefore stroke volume
c. baroreceptors always increase stroke volume and therefore cardiac output
d. stroke volume increases if end diastolic volume decreases
34. An anastomoses is
a. a type of valve defect
b. a blood vessel blockage which can lead to an aneurism
c. a location where blood vessels interconnect, providing collateral circulation
d. another name for a lymphatic capillary
35. Which would increase the amount of blood returning to the heart?
a. increased skeletal muscular activity
b. increased respiratory rate
c. both of these increase blood flow
d. neither of these increase blood flow
36. The likelihood of edema increases when
a. malnutrition or liver disease decreases blood osmotic pressure
b. IFHP is zero
c. IFOP decreases
d. all of these are correct
37. The carotid sinus
a. is located at the point where the aorta leaves the heart.
b. has stretch receptors (baroreceptors) sensitive to increased blood pressure.
c. contains chemoreceptors that respond to increases and decreases in blood glucose levels.
d. is the location in the heart where accelerator and inhibitor impulses are routed.
38. Blood flows slowest in the:
a. veins.
b. arterioles.
c. venules.
d. capillaries.
39. Which factor would increase the number of RBC’s in your body?
a. studying for an A&P test
b. watching TV
c. eating at Genghis Grill with Jennifer
d. exercising
40. Which of the following is not a function of blood?
a. prevention of blood loss
b. maintenance of adequate fluid volume
c. maintenance of body temperature
d. conduct electrical impulses
41. Chemoreceptors in the body measure the levels of:
a. calcium
b. sodium
c. carbon dioxide
d. oxygen
42. The life span of a red blood cell is approximately __________
a. hours (less than a day)
b. days (less than a month)
c. months (less than a year)
d. years
43. Platelets are formed from a special large cell that breaks up into small fragments. This cell is called a(n):
a. eosinophil
b. hemocytoblast
c. megakaryocyte
d. platelet
44. Why do capillaries have only one layer of cells composing their walls?
a. so they can fit into smaller spaces
b. for absorption and diffusion
c. because they are under low pressure
d. because they take blood away from the heart
45. Cells derived from mesenchyme that give rise to all the formed elements in blood are called:
a. megakaryocyte
b. hemocytoblast
c. hematocrit
d. platelets
46. Of the body’s 40 liters of water, more than half is found in the:
a. blood plasma
b. interstitial fluid
c. extracellular space
d. intracellular space
47. Erythrocytes:
a. are made during a process called erythropeoiesis
b. are formed from stem cells called leukoblasts
c. are the second most common formed element
d. are the only formed element to have a nucleus
48. Thrombocytes:
a. function to phagocytize antigens
b. function to phagocytize antibodies
c. function to clot blood
d. are the second most common formed element
49. Under the influence of the __________ nervous system, the many precapillary sphincters going to
the _________ would be constricted.
a. sympathetic; heart
b. sympathetic; stomach
c. sympathetic; biceps
d. parasympathetic; stomach
50. Which of the following is false?
a. An increase in exercise causes an increase in heart rate and an increase in stroke volume
causes an increase in cardiac output.
b. An increase in calcium causes an increase in heart rate and an increase in stroke volume
causes an increase in cardiac output.
c. An increase in parasympathetics causes a decrease in heart rate and a decrease in stroke
volume causes a decrease in cardiac output.
d. An increase in blood pressure causes an increase in heart rate and an increase in stroke volume
causes an increase in cardiac output.