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Department of Civil Engineering & Applied Mechanics CIVE 202 Construction Materials Assignment #1 Due: February 12, 2009 1. To be truly effective, the three “R’s” of sustainability should be considered as a hierarchy, not a multiple choice approach. Explain why. 2. What are the direction indices for the vector shown below (the vector exits the cell in the center of the right hand face): 3. What are the Miller indices of the following plane: 4. What are crystal imperfections? What are the sources of these defects? What are the effects of these imperfections on the properties and behaviour of materials? 5. (a) Define the following terms: (i) force (ii) deformation (iii) stress (iv) strain (b) Distinguish between force and stress, and deformation and strain (c) Why is it necessary to report the gauge length when reporting the percentage elongation? 6. The following information was recorded during a tension test. of a metal bar. Extension was observed over a gauge length of 200 mm wherein the original diameter was 15 mm. Plot the stress-strain curve and determine modulus of elasticity, yield strength, failure strain, and ultimate strength of the material. Did strain hardening occur, and did the material exhibit ductility? Load Extension Load Extension (kN) (mm) (kN) (mm) 5 0.036 50 4.653 10 0.061 55 6.030 15 0.088 60 9.221 20 0.131 65 13.196 25 0.137 70 25.935 30 0.190 75 28.260 35 0.200 80 45.680 40 0.218 66 Fracture 45 2.088 0 - 7. If the atoms in a material exhibiting a BCC configuration in a cubic unit cell have an atomic radius of 0.143 mm, calculate the volume of its unit cell in cubic meters. 8. Provide a list of the materials discussed in David Suzuki’s video Advanced Materials World, and specify at least one application for each (applications which were seen in the video and that, therefore, do not have to only pertain to the construction industry). 9. Describe the advantages of nondestructive testing techniques as compared to destructive methods? Consider applications in both the laboratory and in the field. 10. A tension strut in an A/C support is exposed to the following series of stress cycles over an 8 hour period: 15 cycles @ 38 ksi, 20 cycles @ 42 ksi, 25 cycles @ 50 ksi, 20 cycles @ 60 ksi, 15 cycles @ 65 ksi, 18 cycles @ 55 ksi, 10 cycles @ 50 ksi, 20 cycles @ 40 ksi, 10 cycles @ 35 ksi Using the following S-N relationship for the steel making up the strut, determine how many days of service the strut can withstand before failure. Assume the loading series described above continues 24 hours per day (i.e. as one load series ends, the next begins immediately). 11. Even though concrete cylinders are subjected to compressive load, they do not fail in compression. Explain this statement. 12. Why is service temperature (i.e. the temperature to which a material is exposed during service) a particularly important property in the design of steel structures?