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Polyatomic Ions ammonium ion can form ammonium chloride, [NH4+][Cl-] Notice that NH4+ contains both covalent and coordinate covalent bonds Notice that the bond between the NH4+ ion and the Cl- ion is an ionic bond The Metallic Bonding Problem Solution Draw the Lewis structure for phosphorus trichloride, PCl3 Problem Solution Draw the Lewis structure for dichloromethane, CH2Cl2 1 Metallic Bonding Metals have 4 unique properties that result from the manner in which their atoms bond to one another Good Electrical and thermal conductivity as a solid Malleability Ductility Luster Metallic Bonding Atoms that form metallic substances have: electronegativity ionization energy Relativity unoccupied valence shells Low Low conditions allow the valence electrons the freedom to move throughout the entire crystal These Metallic Bonding a metallic substance, the valence orbitals of the atoms merge with one another The valence electrons become delocalized throughout the entire metallic crystal structure In Metallic Bonding As a result, the valence electrons do not belong to a single metal atom -- they belong to the entire crystal! This is often referred to as a ‘sea of mobile electrons’ 2 Metallic Bonding VE delocalization allows metallic substances to conduct heat and electricity in the solid phase The 3