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Curso de sensibilización a la PAEP (Prueba de Admisión a Estudios de Posgrado) Universidad Virtual English Parts of speech Parts of Speech • There are eight parts of speech. Here are some of their highlights. Nouns Pronouns Adjectives Articles Verbs Adverbs Prepositions Conjunctions • Click on any of the topics to find specific information. • Press enter to see all the presentation. Nouns • A noun is a name. • A noun is the name for a person, a place, a thing, an idea, an activity, a feeling. D.R. Universidad Virtual del Tecnológico de Monterrey, 2007 1 Curso de sensibilización a la PAEP (Prueba de Admisión a Estudios de Posgrado) Universidad Virtual NOUNS Pronouns • They are the words that substitute the nouns. • Personal or subject pronouns (Before the verb) • Object pronoungs (after the verb or a preposition) The chef grilled the meat. He grilled it. D.R. Universidad Virtual del Tecnológico de Monterrey, 2007 2 Curso de sensibilización a la PAEP (Prueba de Admisión a Estudios de Posgrado) Universidad Virtual Adjectives • The adjectives are words that talk about the attributes of a person, place, thing, or activity. That is, adjectives modify nouns. • Nouns can work as adjectives modifying another noun. • Adjectives usually go before the noun they modify. • Adjectives can come after a linking verb. Adjectives Adjectives usually go before the noun they modify. The sunny day invited to have a picnic. adjective noun Adjectives can come after a linking verb. The day is sunny. Verbs Verbs refer to an action (do, break, walk, etc.) or a state (be, like, own). • Examples He does exercise every other day. She owns a house in Alabama. All sentences must contain one. D.R. Universidad Virtual del Tecnológico de Monterrey, 2007 3 Curso de sensibilización a la PAEP (Prueba de Admisión a Estudios de Posgrado) Universidad Virtual Verbs: Modals • Modal verbs are used to express ideas such as possibility, intention, obligation and necessity. CAN, COULD, WILL, WOULD, SHALL, SHOULD, OUGHT TO, DARE and NEED are some examples. Prepositions • A preposition is a word that links a noun, a pronoun or a gerund to other words, • • • • They can have a variety of meanings: Direction- We are going TO the mall. Location- The car is IN the garage. Time- They will come home AFTER the concert. • Possession- The leg OF the table Conjunctions A type of word that is used to connect words or groups of words. Traditionally, conjunctions are used to connect words within a sentence. D.R. Universidad Virtual del Tecnológico de Monterrey, 2007 4 Curso de sensibilización a la PAEP (Prueba de Admisión a Estudios de Posgrado) Universidad Virtual In traditional English grammar, the types of conjunctions are as follows: coordinating conjunctions (which connect two words, sentences or phrases of equal grammatical status), Example: We can go to the movies or to the theater. Subordinating conjunctions (which subordinate a word or phrase to another) Examples: If I were sick, I would see a doctor. … and Correlative conjunctions (which come in pairs) • Either we go to the movies or we go to the theater. • He neither came nor called to say he was not coming. D.R. Universidad Virtual del Tecnológico de Monterrey, 2007 5 Curso de sensibilización a la PAEP (Prueba de Admisión a Estudios de Posgrado) Universidad Virtual Adverbs • Adverbs are words that modify verbs, adjectives and other adverbs. • This very smart student studies quite hard for his exams. • In the sentence, the adverb very modifies the adjective smart. the adverb hard modifies the verb studies. the adverb quite modifies the adverb hard. Articles • There are three articles in English: a, an and the. • They always go before a noun. • A/an refers to countable singular nouns. They refer to any person, place or thing. • I want a porter to help me carry my luggage. • (It can be any of the porters working at the station) • They wanted to have a nice, relaxing meal. • The article the refers to a specific place, person or thing. The can be used with countable (singular and plural) and uncountable nouns. • The video I watched was excellent. • (Specific, singular, countable.) • The sugar in my coffee is not enough. • (specific, uncountable) • The children played videogames. • (specific, plural) D.R. Universidad Virtual del Tecnológico de Monterrey, 2007 6