Download skeletal system Power Pt notes

SKELETAL SYSTEM NOTES
1 The body is made of ___________________________________.
2. Cells group together to form __________________________,
which join to make _____________________________________.
_____________________________________ are tissues joined
together to perform specific functions, such as the heart, kidneys,
and lungs.
3. When different organs join together, they are called organ
_______________________.
4. There are _____________________ main organ systems in the
human body.
________________________________,
__________________________________,
________________________________,
__________________________________,
________________________________,
__________________________________,
________________________________,
__________________________________,
________________________________
5. The nervous system includes the spinal __________________
and the _____________________.
6. The ________________________________ are bony structures
that create the spine.
7. They form a _______________________________ shield for
the spinal cord.
8. The brain has _____________________ basic parts
________________________________,
__________________________________,
________________________________,
__________________________________,
9. The __________________________________ is the largest
section of the brain. It is divided into two halves.
10. The left side mainly controls __________________________
and ______________________.
11. The right side controls ___________________________ and
_______________________.
12. The _________________________________ controls balance,
posture, and coordination.
13. At the __________________ of the spinal cord is the brain
_______________________________.
14. The brain stem controls _______________________________
actions such as breathing, swallowing, heart contractions, digestion,
and movement of blood through various vessels.
15. The __________________________ is an enlarged area of the
brain stem. It controls the function of
___________________________ organs.
16. The ___________________________________ controls blood
pressure, heart rate, temperature, hunger, thirst, and emotions.
17. The _____________________________ system works with
the skeletal system to allow
______________________________of our bodies.
18. There are 3 types of muscles:
 _________________________________: involuntary
muscles
examples: _____________________ &
________________________
 ________________________________: voluntary muscles
 _________________________________: involuntary
muscles
19. Muscles receive __________________________ signals to
work. When a message is sent, a muscle
_______________________ or gets smaller.
20. When the message stops, the muscle _____________________.
21. ______________________ muscles _____________________
body joints. _________________________________ muscles
________________________ body joints.
22. Flexor and extensor muscles usually work in
_____________________________.
23. If a movement is not caused by bending or straightening a body
joint, it is called ___________________________
or__________________________________.
24. Abduction is when movement ________________________
from the body occurs.
25. Adduction involves moving ____________________________
the body.
26. Some muscles are attached to bones by
__________________________ . They are
______________________________________ and firmly join
bones together.
27. Others are attached by _______________________________.
28. They are __________________________________ tissues that
attach bone to bone in moveable joints.
29. The skeletal system has _______________________________
functions
•shape and support the body
•allows _____________________________
•protect __________________________ and
_______________________________
•___________________ certain materials
•produce __________________ cells
30. Bones are________________________tissues and contains
cells, nerves, and blood vessels.
31. The primary function of ______________________ is to
support and give shape to the body and to provide protection for
the soft internal structures.
32. There are _____________________________ bones in the
human skeleton.
33. AXIAL SKELETON
_________________________________,
__________________________________,
_________________________________,
__________________________________,
34. APPENDICULAR SKELETON
_________________________________,
__________________________________,
35. Bones start as soft, ___________________________ cartilage
and gradually _____________________________ into hard bone
over a period of several
___________________________________.
36. A bone is like a ___________________. The outside is made
of __________________________, dense compact bone.
37. A __________________ skin called
_____________________________________ covers the bone.
38. Inside is a ___________________________ tissue called
__________________________.
39. There are _____________________________ types of marrow
found in bones.
_______________________ marrow is located in the
__________________ of long bones, such as arm and leg bones,
sternum, ribs, vertebrae, and parts of the skull.
40. Red marrow __________________________ red and
white__________________ cells the body needs to survive.
41. _______________________________marrow is located in the
_____________________ of other bones. It
__________________________ necessary _________________
and ___________________________________.
_______________________are locations where bones
________________________ to allow a movement to occur.
42. These movements are controlled by the
____________________________, which are attached to the
bones at the joint.
43. BALL AND SOCKET
_________________________________ &
_______________________________
allows movement in ______________________ directions
44. HINGE
___________________________________,
__________________________________
__________________________________,
___________________________________
45. PIVOT
________________________________,
________________________________,
_______________________________________________
180 degree limited movement
46. SADDLE
___________________________
47. ELLIPSOID
___________________________
48. GLIDING
________________________________,
________________________________,
_______________________________________________
49. FIXED
__________________________________
no movement
50. Bones involved in joints have a slippery, shiny
__________________________ at the end where they meet.
51. This covering keeps a joint’s movements
_____________________ and prevents the bones from
___________________________________ out.
52. LIGAMENT
_________________________ strand of tissue that joins bones
53. TENDONS
tendons are ______________________ supports that attach bone
to bone and allow ________________________________
movement
54. CARTILAGE
padding between joints that acts as
__________________________ and prevents bones from rubbing
together.
55. The skull consists of _____________ curved bones linked
firmly at wiggly lines called
___________________________________.
56. The skull’s purpose is to ___________________________the
brain and cushion blows to it.
57. SPINAL COLUMN
There are
______________________________________________vertebrae
in a human body.
58. Between each of these vertebrae are washer-like
________________________ of flexible cartilage.
59. This cartilage is a tough, elastic tissue that allows
_______________________________________ between the
vertebrae.
60. It also cushions the pieces of the spine so that they do not rub
against each other.
61. There are _____________________________ main parts to the
spinal column.
62. CERVIVCAL SPINE
supports the _____________________ and __________________l
and consists of ______________ vertebrae
63. THORACIC SPINE
supports the _______________________(chest of 24 ribs) and
consists of __________________________________ vertebrae
64. LUMBAR SPINE
carries most of the body’s __________________ and consists of
_____________ vertebrae
65. SACRUM
fusion of ____________________ sacral vertebrae into 1 vertebra
that transmits body weight to the ____________________ joints
66. COCCYX
____________________fused coccygeal vertebrae that represents
__________________ of our ancestors
67. THORAX
Consists of _______________ flexible _________________
joined by _____________________________. Their purpose is to
_______________________________the structures (heart and
lungs) inside the chest.
68. The ribs connect to a fibrous, _________________ bone in
front called the _______________________.
69. SHOULDER
There are ____________________ bones that make up the area of
the body called the shoulder. They are
the__________________________,
_________________________,
______________________________________..
70. ARM
The _______________ bones of the arm are the
________________________________,
________________________________,
______________________________________.
71. HAND
There are _____________________small bones that connect the
hand to the arm at the _________________________________
area.
72. We are going to combine them into three main groups: the
____________________________,
____________________________________, and
_____________________________________________.
73. HIPS
The bones in the hips are grouped together and called the
_________________________ or pelvic girdle.
74. LEG
There are ___________________________ major bones that
combine to make a leg. They are the
________________________________,
_________________________,
_________________________________, and the
______________________________, which is also known as the
_________________________________.
75. FOOT
As with the hand, there are many ______________________
bones that are in the ankle area where the foot attaches to the leg.
76. We are going to group them into 3 main groups. They are the
_______________________________,
_____________________________________,
and ________________________________________.