Survey
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* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Digestive System Review 1. Name the primary organs of the digestive system in the order that food passes through them. MOUTH, ESOPHAGUS, STOMACH, SMALL INTESTINE, LARGE INTESTINE, ANUS 2. For each organ, describe role that it plays in digestion. MOUTH-WHERE DIGESTION BEGINS (MECHANICAL AND CHEMICAL) ESOPHAGUS-TUBE THAT CONNECTS THE MOUTH TO THE STOMACH STOMACH- CHURNS AND MIXES THE FOOD, FORMS CHYME SMALL INTESTINE-DIGESTING FATS, SUGARS, STARCHES, AND PROTEINS AS WELL AS ABSORBING NUTRIENTS LARGE INTESTINE- WATER, SALT, AND MINERALS ARE ABSORBED HERE, AND SOLID WASTE IS PRODUCED ANUS- OPENING WHERE SOLID WASTE LEAVES THE BODY 3. For each organ explain how the structure is related to the function it performs. MOUTH- HAS TEETH, SALIVA, AND TONGUE ESOPHAGUS- LONG “TRANSPORTATION” TUBE STOMACH- J-SHAPED MUSCULAR ORGAN WITH ACCORDIAN FOLDS SMALL INTESTINE- CONTAIN VILLI (TINY, FINGER-LIKE PROJECTIONS) AND MICROVILLI LARGE INTESTINE- CONTAIN BACTERIA WHICH BREAK DOWN FIBER ANUS- OPENING WHERE WASTE LEAVES THE BODY 4. For each organ list any chemicals secreted by the organ that affect digestion and what specific role the chemical performs. MOUTH- SALIVA (BEGINS CHEMICAL DIGESTION-TURNS STARCH INTO SUGAR) STOMACH- MUCUS, ENZYMES, HYDROCHLORIC ACID (USED TO BREAK DOWN FOOD INTO CHYME), HORMONES 5. Name the accessory organs of the digestive system, then answer questions 2-4 for each. LIVER- PRODUCES BILE (USED TO DIGEST FATS) GALL BLADDER- STORES BILE (UNTIL NEEDED) PANCREAS- PRODUCES ENZYMES (SUCH AS INSULIN) TO BREAK DOWN PROTEINS, STARCHES, AND FATS 6. Be able to label a blank copy of the digestive system including all organs and structures. USE YOUR DIAGRAM 7. Explain where and how each of the following nutrients is digested: fats, proteins, starches, fiber. FATS- LIVER PRODUCES BILE WHICH BREAKS DOWN FAT PROTEINS- BROKEN DOWN IN THE SMALL INTESTINE STARCHES- SALIVA BEGINS THE BREAK DOWN PROCESS AND TURNS IT INTO SUGAR (GLUCOSE) FIBER- BACTERIA IN THE LARGE INTESTINE BREAK IT DOWN 8. Name and explain 2 ways the digestive system can protect itself and the rest of the body. MUCUS PROTECTS THE STOMACH LINING WATER IS REABSORBED FROM THE LARGE INTESTINE BACK INTO THE BODY 9. Tell where mechanical and chemical digestion begin. Where does the majority of each take place? MECHANICAL AND CHEMICAL DIGESTION BEGINS IN THE MOUTH MAJORITY OF MECHANICAL DIGESTION OCCURS IN THE STOMACH MAJORITY OF CHEMICAL DIGESTION OCCURS IN THE SMALL INTESTINE 10. What are villi and microvilli? Where are they located and what function do they perform? VILLI- TINY FINGER-SHAPED STRUCTURES THAT COVER THE INNER SURFACE OF THE SMALL INTESTINE AND PROVIDE A LARGE SURFACE AREA THROUGH WHICH DIGESTED FOOD IS ABSORBED MICROVILLI- TINY HAIR-LIKE PROJECTIONS THAT SURROUND THE VILLI 11. What is peristalsis and what is its role in digestion? PERISTALSIS- INVOLUNTARY, WAVELIKE MUSCLE ACTION THAT MOVES FOOD THROUGH THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 12. Study the digestive system notes that you used during the Lab Practical.