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HUMAN ANATOMY
VOLUME VI
RETROPERITONEAL SPACE AND TRUE
PELVIS
First edition
HABIB TRIAA
Professor of Anatomy
Monastir Faculty of Medecine
Tunisia
EDITIONS ADAM
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BOOKS OF HUMAN ANATOMY
BY PROFESSOR HABIB TRIAA
VOLUME I : UPPER LIMB : 2014
VOLUME II : LOWER LIMB : 2014
VOLUME III : BODY WALLS : 2014
VOLUME IV : CONTENTS OF THORAX : 2014
VOLUME V : ABDOMINOPELVIC DIGESTIVE SYSTEM : 2014
VOLUME VI : RETROPERITONEAL SPACE AND TRUE PELVIS : 2014
VOLUME VII : HEAD AND NECK : 2014
VOLUME VIII : CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM : 2014
Our deep thanks go to:
Maurice LAUDE: Emiritus Professor of Anatomy, and Honorary Dean of the Faculty of Medicine
Of Amiens, FRANCE. Spiritual Father of French Contemporary Anatomy.
Daniel LE GARS: Professor of Anatomy, Head of Department of Neurosurgery and Dean of the
Faculty of Medicine of Amiens, FRANCE.
Legal deposit: October 2014 – ISBN : 978-9938-893-09-0
All rights reserved worldwide. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced or
transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopiers or scanners or other electronic devices, nor used
by any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except for
private use.
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PREFACE
Professor Habib TRIAA was trained by us during two successive years (1989 - 1990). He showed
an outstanding willingness to learn but also to transmit knowledge about anatomy in the best and proper
way.
After two decades, he published six volumes of excellent quality on the descriptive and
topographic Anatomy of the: Upper Limb; Lower Limb; Body Walls; Contents of Thorax;
Abdominopelvic Digestive System; Retroperitoneal Space and True Pelvis.
The osteoarticular and muscular components, as well as the viscera of the trunk and their trophic
peduncles, are described with precision and simplicity.
The drawings are clear and colorful for easy reading.
The latin names are used wisely. They must be accepted and used nowadays by all physicians.
5000 additional questions in separate volumes (Short Answer Questions; MCQ; Synthetic
Questions) help students to practice for the exam.
The textbooks are compiled for a didactic purpose. There are no – and for a good reason - photos of
dissections and, therefore, no introduction to surgical techniques.
For students of medical and paramedical disciplines, they are excellent foundations to approach a
subject as difficult and complex as Anatomy.
Professor Maurice LAUDE
Emeritus Professor of Anatomy
Honorary Dean of the Faculty of
Medicine of Amiens – FRANCE
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PREFACE
The diversity of the modern books of Anatomy, inspires doctors that this science has reached
the highest degree of perfection and that there is nothing more to add on this discipline and that it
would be difficult to find « something new » in Anatomy; but Science is a field whose boundaries
recede gradually as we advance. «Science is an ever unfinished monument».
Anatomy remains a difficult discipline to be remembered because it is easily forgotten. It
requires periodic reviews, a prodigious memory and a high intelligence in interpretation.
The theoretical approach of the chapters draws the attention by its descriptive and
topographic quality and refinement, disposing Anatomy from all ambiguities. It is enriched with
anatomical drawings of outstanding quality, coming with very explicit captions, confirming the
talent, expertise and the thoroughness of the author.
The exam practise questions (MCQ; Short Answer Questions and Synthetic Questions) presented in
other volumes, make it easier for students to prepare for exams and make the study of Anatomy more
understandable, more pleasant and very useful.
The anatomical language used in these books is exclusively based on the formal latin nomenclature,
adapted to the English Language.
To learn Anatomy, we suggest that students reproduce the schemas many times without
giving too much importance to the three-dimensional effects but with full respect of color chart.
We hope that these books enrich the knowledge of Anatomy and contribute to educating and
stimulating student’s enthusiasm for a subject that constitutes the basic science of medical and paramedical
studies and the foundations of operating techniques.
We wish these books the success they deserve, and we present our congratulations and encouragement
to the author Professor Habib TRIAA.
Professor Daniel LE GARS
Professor of Anatomy
Dean of the Faculty of Medicine
of Amiens - FRANCE
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RETROPERITONEAL SPACE AND TRUE PELVIC
ABDOMINAL AORTA
Relations of the abdominal aorta
Collateral branches
Common iliac artery
INFERIOR VENA CAVA
Relations of the inferior vena cava
Afferent branches
Common iliac vein
Portocaves anastomoses
Cavocaves anastomoses
ABDOMINOPELVIC LYMPHATICS
Lymphatics of pelvis
Lymphatics of abdomen
ABDOMINAL VEGETATIVE SYSTEM
Lumbar sympathetic trunk
Collateral branches
Superior hypogastric plexus
Vegetatif ganglia
Afferent branches
Efferent branches
VEGETATIVE PELVIC SYSTEM
Sympathetic sacral trunk
Superior hypogastric plexus
Inferior hypogastric plexus
RENAL LODGE
Renal fascia
capsule adipose of kidney
KIDNEY
Renal medulla
Renal cortex
Relations of kidney
Minor calices
Major calices
Renal pelvis
Renal artery
Renal vein
Plexus renal
SUPRARENAL GLAND
Suprarenal arteries
Suprarenal vein
Suprarenal plexus
URETER
Lumbar ureter
Iliac ureter
Pelvic ureter in male
Pelvic ureter in female
BONY PELVIS
ARTICULATIONS OF PELVIS
Sacroiliac articulation
Pubic Symphysis
TOPOGRAPHIC OF TRUE PELVIS
Piriformis muscle
Obturator internus muscle
Levator ani muscle
Coccygeal muscle
Peritoneal pelvic space
Subperitoneal pelvic space
INTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY
Umbilical artery
Inferior vesical artery
Middle rectal artery
Uterine artery
Vaginal artery
Iliolumbar artery
Superior sacral lateral artery
Inferior sacral lateral artery
Obturatror artery
Gluteal superior artery
Gluteal inferior artery
Pudendal internal artery
INTERNAL ILIAC VEIN
Perivicseral venous plexus
Vesical veins
Middle rectal veins
Uterine veins
Vaginal veins
Superior gluteal vein
Inferor gluteal vein
Obturator vein
Internal pudendal vein
EXTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY
Inferior epigastric artery
Deep iliac circumflex artery
EXTERNAL ILIAC VEIN
Deep iliac cicumflex vein
Inferior epigastric artery
PUDENDAL PLEXUS
Pudendal nerve
COCCYGEAL PLEXUS
BLADDER
Umbilical vesical fascia
Bladder of new-born
Vascularization
Innervation
URETER
TESTIS
Testicular lobules
Seminiferous right tubes
Testis rete
EPIDIDYMIS
Efferent canaliculi
Epididymal duct
Testicular artery
Cremasteric artery
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Testicular vein
Cremasteric veins
Testicular plexus
Vaginalis testis
Internal spermatic fascia
Cremaster muscle
External spermatic fascia
Scrotum
Proper ligament of ovary
Uterosacral ligament
Paravesical fossa
Preovarian fossa
Tuboovarian recess
Parauterine fossa
Pararectal fossa
Ovarian fossa
Infraovarian fossa
SPERMATIC DUCT
Ductus deferens
Ejaculatory duct
VAGIN
Vaginal fornix
Hymen
Vaginal ostium
MASCULINE GENITAL GLANDS
Prostate
Seminal vesical
Bulbourethral gland
VESSELS AND NERVES OF
INTERNAL GENITAL ORGANS
Uterine artery
Ovarian artery
Vaginal artery
Uterine veins
Ovarian vein
Vaginal veins
Ovarian plexus
Vaginal nerves
PENIS
Body of penis
Gland of penis
Root of penis
Corpus cavernosum
Corpus spongiosum of penis
Prepuce
Vascularization
Innervation
VULVA
Vulvar vestibule
Labia majora
Labia minora
Mons pubis
Clitoris
Vestibular bulbs
Major vestibular gland
Paraurethral gland
Vestibular groove
Vaginal ostium
External ostium of urethra
Vascularization
Innervation
PERINEUM OF MAN
Urogenital perineum
Deep space of perineum
Deep transverse muscle of perineum
Sphincter muscle of urethra
Bulbourethra gland
Urogenital fascia of diaphragm
Superficial space of perineum
Corpus cavernosum of penis
Bulb of penis
Superficial transverse muscle
Ischiocavernosum muscle
Bulbospongiosum muscle
Supeficial fascia of perineum
PERINEUM OF WOMEN
Urogenital perineum
Deep space of perineum
Deep transverse muscle of perineum
Sphincter muscle of urehtra
Fasciae of urogenital diaphragm
Superficial perineal space
Corpus cavernosum of clitoris
Vestibular bulb
Major vestibular gland
Transverse superficial gland
Ischiocavernosum muscle
Bulbospongiosum muscle
Superficial fascia of perineum
Perineal anal
External anal sphincter muscle
Ischiorectal fossa
Internal pudendal artery
Internal pudendal vein
Pudendal nerve
PERINEAL ANAL
External anal sphincter muscle
Iliorectal fossa
Internal pudendal artery
Internal pudendal vein
Pudendal nerve
OVARY
UTERINE TRUNK
UTERUS
Nulliparous
Multipare
Primiparous
Body of uterus
Isthmus of uterus
Neck of uterus
Broad ligament
Round ligament
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