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‫گرافیک رایانه ای‬
a JavaScript API for rendering interactive 3D
computer graphics and 2D graphics
 without use of plug-ins
allowing GPU accelerated usage of physics and
image processing
effects as part of the web page canvas
 Canvas 3D prototype in 2006 by Vladimir Vukićević in mozilla
 2009, the non-profit technology consortium Khronos Group started
the WebGL
 Version 1.0 of the WebGL specification was released March 2011
 In November 2012 Autodesk ported most of their applications to
the cloud running on local WebGL clients. These applications
included Fusion 360 and AutoCAD 360.
 WebGL 2 specification started in 2013 , based on OpenGL ES 3.0.
Canvas was initially introduced by Apple
use inside Mac OS X WebKit component in 2004
standardized by the Web Hypertext Application
Technology Working Group (WHATWG) in 2006
Canvas consists of a drawable region defined in
HTML code with height and width attributes
 JavaScript code may access the area through
a full set of drawing functions
Example:
=
=
<canvas id "example" width "200" height
browser does not support HTML5 Canvas.
</canvas>
="200"> This text is displayed if your
 WebGL 1.0 is based on OpenGL ES 2.0
 It uses the HTML5 canvas element
 WebGL does not have the fixed-function
(Like OpenGL ES 2.0, )
 Shaders in WebGL are expressed directly in GLSL
WebGL is widely supported in modern browsers
dependent on other factors like the GPU
supporting
Test Page For Support :
https://get.webgl.org/
 WebGL has not only been used in 3D web design and gaming
 Use by some researchers for scientific purposes
 For example :
 NASA developed an interactive web application called Experience
Curiosity to celebrate the 3rd anniversary of the Curiosity rover landing
on Mars
 The WebGL API may be too tedious to use directly without
some utility libraries
 JavaScript libraries have been built to provide the additional
functionality
 Libraries :
A-Frame (VR)
BabylonJS
 three.js
 O3D
 OSG.JS
 CopperLicht