Download 1: Scand J Dent Res

1: Scand J Dent Res. 1981 Feb;89(1):26-37.
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Nature and frequency of dental changes in idiopathic
hypoparathyroidism and pseudohypoparathyroidism.
Jensen SB, Illum F, Dupont E.
Eleven patients with idiopathic hypoparathyroidism and
pseudohypoparathyroidism were examined orally and medically. All patients had
a history of tetanic and/or epileptic manifestations. Correspondingly, disturbances
in the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus had been present in all. Dental
anomalies were demonstrated in all patients but one. Enamel hypoplasia was
observed in six cases, disturbances in tooth eruption in eight, root defects in five
and hypodontia in seven. Dental anomalies were more frequent than could be
expected from the literature, probably because the dental aspects of
hypoparathyroid disease often have been overlooked. In the present material, the
above-mentioned disturbances were most severe and frequent in the
pseudohypoparathyroid group. Hypoparathyroid conditions are highly
invalidating, easily accessible to treatment, but often undiagnosed for years.
Therefore, the dental observation of severe disturbances in tooth formation and
eruption pattern may be of crucial importance and should lead to further medical
investigation.
1: Shoni Shikagaku Zasshi. 1989;27(3):678-91.
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[Dental findings in a case of idiopathic hypoparathyroidism]
[Article in Japanese]
Takeuchi H, Hioki H, Ishikura Y, Tomizawa M, Noda T, Fukushima M.
Idiopathic hypoparathyroidism is characterized by a deficiency of the parathyroid
hormone, origin unknown, and causes a low serum calcium and a high serum
inorganic phosphorus. This report concerns a clinical observation of a case of
idiopathic hypoparathyroidism. This case was examined from the dental point of
view. The findings were as follows: 1. The roentgenographic findings revealed
that there was no demonstrable abnormality concerning bone age indicated
between the ages of 5 and 6 years. 2. Severe dental caries were noted in the
deciduous teeth and the permanent teeth. 3. Hypoplasia and hypocalcemia were
recognized in most of the permanent teeth. 4. Large pulp chambers were observed
in the deciduous teeth and the permanent teeth, and thickening of the lamina dura
was observed in the permanent teeth. 5. The histological findings of the extracted
deciduous teeth and the upper right first molar were such that: (1) there was
hypoplasia and hypocalcemia in the dentin of deciduous teeth, and there were
multiple resorptions in the cementum. (2) there was hypoplasia in the enamel of
the upper right first molar. 6. Electron probe microanalysis of the upper left
second molar revealed that the degree of mineralization and concentration of Ca,
P and Mg in the dentin of the root showed a lower intensity than in the dentin of
the normal one. 7. It was assumed from the dental point of view that this
hypoparathyroid condition first appeared at about 11'months approximately
18'months of age.
1: Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1993 Apr;75(4):452-4.
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Erratum in:
•
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1993 Jun;75(6):779.
Dental manifestations of autoimmune hypoparathyroidism.
Walls AW, Soames JV.
Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, Newcastle upon Tyne,
England.
The histopathologic changes in three permanent molars from two siblings with
autoimmune hypoparathyroidism as part of candida endocrinopathy syndrome are
described. These teeth developed after the diagnosis of hypoparathyroidism and
while each subject was receiving vitamin D and calcium supplementation. The
pathogenesis of the dental changes is unknown, but it is possible that
parathormone may directly influence tooth development independent of its role in
calcium and phosphorous homeostasis.
1: Minerva Stomatol. 1989 Jul;38(7):725-7.
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[Changes in dental eruption and morphogenesis in a case of
hypoparathyroidism]
[Article in Italian]
Abbatiello A, Secondari C, De Stefano CA.
A personal case of dental anomalies in a patient suffering from calcium deficiency
since birth possible due to chronic idiopathic hypoparathyroidism is described.
1: J Craniofac Genet Dev Biol. 1996 Jul-Sep;16(3):174-81.
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Microanatomy of the dental enamel in autoimmune
polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED):
report of three cases.
Lukinmaa PL, Waltimo J, Pirinen S.
Department of Oral Pathology, University of Helsinki, Finland.
Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED)
is an autosomal recessive disease composed of failure of various endocrine
glands, chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, and an ectodermal dystrophy
complex including hypoplasia of the dental enamel. To characterize the enamel
defect further, we studied enamel microanatomy by light microscopy and
scanning electron microscopy in clinically affected permanent teeth from three
APECED patients. In all three cases, the enamel was partially hypoplastic and
morphologically aberrant. Hypoplasia was evident as a horizontal band or as rows
of pits. The incremental pattern in the abnormal enamel was obscure, and the
prisms were either barely detectable or accentuated and disoriented. In scanning
electron microscopy, imprints of the Tomes processes were seen on the enamel
surface, but the perikymata were poorly contoured. The distribution pattern of the
defective enamel corresponded to the sequence of tooth development and was
suggestive of a transient insult. In the enamel affected with a hypoplastic pitted
from of amelogenesis imperfecta, studied for comparison, only local hypoplastic
defects were seen. Together with normal parathyroid function in one patient and
normal calcification of dentin in one of the two patients with hypoparathyroidism,
morphology of the enamel in APECED appears to preclude calcium deficiency as
the primary cause of the enamel dystrophy.