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Unit 7: DNA, RNA and Protein Synthesis Unit Overview The processes of DNA Replication and Protein Synthesis are essential functions of DNA. DNA makes copies of itself in order to provide identical copies of DNA for new cells. Protein synthesis uses DNA to code for proteins necessary for life. Mutations may occur if the processes of DNA replication or protein synthesis malfunction. Big Ideas and Enduring Understandings DNA is located in the nucleus and controls all of the functions for living organisms by providing the code for the proteins necessary for life. Essential Questions Describe the process of DNA replication and predict what may occur if the process malfunctions. How does the process of protein synthesis control all of the necessary functions in living things? Standard and Indicators H.B.4: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the specific mechanisms by which characteristics or traits are transferred from one generation to the next via genes. H.B.4A.2 Develop and use models to explain how genetic information (DNA) is copied for transmission to subsequent generations of cells (mitosis). H.B.4B.1 Develop and use models to describe how the structure of DNA determines the structure of resulting proteins or RNA molecules that carry out the essential functions of life. H.B.4D.1 Develop and use models to explain how mutations in DNA that occur during replication (1) can affect the proteins that are produced or the traits that result and (2) may or may not be inherited.