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Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________
Skills Worksheet
Chapter Review
WORD BANK:
BLACK HOLE RED GIANT
WHITE DWARF
MAIN SEQUENCE
ABSOLUTE MAGNITUDE
SUPER NOVA
NEBULA
LIGHT-YEAR
APPARENT MAGNITUDE
H-R DIAGRAM
USING KEY TERMS
1. The distance that light travels in space in 1 year is called _______________.
2. An object that is so massive that light cannot escape its gravity is called a
___________ ___________.
3. A large, reddish star that is late in its life cycle is called a _______ ________.
4. A small, hot, dim star that is the leftover center of an old star is called a
___________ ____________.
5. A cloud of gases and dust that forms before the birth of a star is a _________.
UNDERSTANDING KEY IDEAS
Multiple Choice
_____ 6. A scientist can identify a star’s composition by looking at
a. the star’s prism.
b. the star’s continuous spectrum.
c. the star’s absorption spectrum.
d. the star’s color.
_____ 7. The majority of stars in our galaxy are
a. blue stars.
c. main-sequence stars.
b. white dwarfs.
d. red giants.
_____ 8. Why do black lines appear on an absorption spectrum?
a. They show where too much light is absorbed by a star’s atmosphere.
b. They show where less light is absorbed by a star’s atmosphere.
c. They are the emission lines of an electrically charged element.
d. They show where a star has black spots.
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
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Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe
Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________
_____ 9. What objects are formed from the materials in the core of a supernova?
a. black holes and supergiants
b. red giants and white dwarfs
c. black holes and neutron stars
d . neutron stars and white dwarfs
Short Answer
10. Describe how scientists classify stars.
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
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11. Explain how stars at different stages in their life cycle appear on the H-R
diagram.
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
12. Explain the difference between the apparent motion and actual motion of stars.
____________________________________________________________________
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13. Describe how color indicates the temperature of a star.
_____________________________________________________________________
14. Making Comparisons: Explain the differences between main-sequence stars,
giant stars, and white dwarfs.
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
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Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe
Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________
Evaluating Data: Why do astronomers use absolute magnitudes to plot
15.
stars? Why don’t astronomers use apparent magnitudes to plot stars?
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
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Critical thinking
16. Concept Mapping: Use the following terms to create a concept map:
main-sequence star, nebula, red giant, white dwarf, neutron star, and black hole.
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Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe
Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________
Interpreting graphs
The graph below shows Hubble’s law, which relates how far galaxies are from
Earth and how fast they are moving away from Earth. Use the graph below to
answer the questions that follow.
17. Look at the point that represents galaxy A in the graph. How far is galaxy A
from Earth, and how fast is it moving away from Earth?
Distance = ____________________________________________________________
Speed = ______________________________________________________________
18. If a galaxy is moving away from Earth at 15,000 km/s, how far is the galaxy
from Earth?
____________________________________________________________________
19. If a galaxy is 90,000,000 light-years from Earth, how fast is it moving away
from Earth?
____________________________________________________________________
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Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe
Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________
Use the H-R Diagram to answer the following questions:
20. What is the spectral type for the star Naos? What is its average surface
temperature?
Star Type: ____________________________________________________
Average Surface Temperature: ____________________________________
21. What is the absolute magnitude of the star Asterion? How does this
compare to the magnitude of our sun?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
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Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe
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22. Compare and contrast the star Arcturus to the star Procyon. Which star has
a higher surface temperature? Which is older? Explain your reasoning?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
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Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe