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Transcript
STUDY GUIDE FOR GREECE TEST 1. Be ready to mark a map of Greece with the following geographic features: Balkan Peninsula, Crete, Peloponnesus, Aegean Sea, Athens, Sparta 2. Why was it hard to grow enough grain in ancient Greece? _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. What crops grown in Greece were often used for trading purposes? _________________________________ a. On what kind of land were these crops grown? ___________________________________ b. What products were these crops turned into? _____________________________________ 4. How did Greece city-states respond to the lack of flat farm land for growing grain? a. _________________________________________________________________________ b. _________________________________________________________________________ c. ___________________________________________________________________________ 5. How were most trade goods transported? ____________________________ 6. How did the geography of Greece affect settlement patterns? ___________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 7. How did the geography of Greece affect the political organization of Greece? ________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. Where did the Minoan civilization develop? ________________________ 9. What was the Minoan economy based on? __________________________ 10. What were possible causes of the end of the Minoan civilization? __________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ 11. The ______________________ civilization grew up on the Greek peninsula. 12. What was the political organization of the Mycenaean civilization? ______________________________ 13. The Mycenaeans learned from the Minoans – this transfer of knowledge is called _________________________________ . 14. What did the Mycenaeans learn from the Minoans, and how did this affect the relationship between the Minoans and Mycenaeans? ________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 15. What may have caused the end of the Mycenaean civilization? ______________________________________________________________________________________ 16. How was the Dark Age different from the Mycenaean civilization? _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 17. What new technology did the Dorians bring to the Greek peninsula? __________________________________________________________________________________ 18. How did this new technology help bring about positive changes and end the Dark Age? _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 19. How was the writing system the Greeks learned from the Phoenicians like our writing system? _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 20. Where did Greeks start colonies? _____________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 21. What innovation increased trade? _____________________________ 22. What is a polis? ___________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ 23. What is the difference between a citizen and a subject? ___________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 24. In most Greek city-states, who had the political rights of a citizen? __________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 25. Define these terms. a. Acropolis ______________________________________________________________________ b. Agora __________________________________________________________________________ c. Hoplite _________________________________________________________________________ d. Phalanx _________________________________________________________________________ 26. How did the phalanx bring greater political power to farmers? _____________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 27. Define the term tyrant _____________________________________________________________________ a. Why did some Greek city-states want a tyrant for a ruler? _________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 28. Sparta’s government was an oligarchy; Athen’s government was a democracy. a. How were Sparta’s and Athen’s government system alike? __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ b. How were Sparta’s and Athens’ government systems different? __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 29. Why did Sparta focus their society around the military? _________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ 30. Give examples of how Sparta focused its society around the military. _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 31. How were the lives of Spartan and Athenian women different? _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 32. Why was it logical to assume that the Persian Empire, ruled by Darius, would defeat the Athenians in 490 BC? _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 33. Where did the modern marathon race get its name? _____________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 34. Give a brief description of the battle of Thermopylae. ____________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 35. Why were the Athenians able to defeat the Persian navy at Salamis, with far fewer boats? _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 36. Which two city-states lead the Greeks against the Persians in 480-479 B.C.? _____________________________________________________________ 37. How did slavery affect Athenian life? a. _______________________________________________________________________________ b. _________________________________________________________________________________ 38. How were the lives of Athenian men different from the lives of Athenian women? _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 39. What percent of the Athenian population were citizens with political rights? __________________________ 40. What percent of the Athenian population were slaves? ________________________ 41. What was the purpose of the Delian League? _______________________________________________________________________________________ 42. What important polis did not join the Delian League? _______________________________________________________________________________________ 43. The Delian League did more than just fulfill its purpose – explain. _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 44. Where did the Delian League get its name? ________________________________________________________________________________________ 45. How did the Delian League change over time? _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 46. Explain the difference between the US representative democracy and Greek direct democracy. _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 47. The most important Athenian leader was Pericles. How did he make Athens more democratic? _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 48. How did Pericles treat other city-states as if they were part of an Athenian empire? _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 49. Who fought against who in the Peloponnesian War? _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 50. How long did the Peloponnesian War last? ___________________ 51. How did Sparta eventually win the Peloponnesian War? _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 52. What was the result of the Peloponnesian War for Greece? _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 53. How was an ancient Greek temple used in a different way than a church in Fort Thomas? _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 54. Be ready to identify the following architectural features: Doric, Ionic and Corinthian capitols, pediment, frieze, architrave, column, shaft.
