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Read pgs 176 -194. Learn anterior and posterior muscles (from memory). Chap 9 – Muscles Part II Learning Objectives: 1. List the criteria for naming muscles. 2. Name the common muscle fascicle arrangements. 3. Define lever, load, and fulcrum. Explain how these apply to muscles. 4. Name and identify the major muscles identified in class. PREDICT • Can you guess how many muscles there are in the human body? Tips on Naming Skeletal Muscles, pg 185 • _________ of muscle – bone or body region associated with the muscle • _______ of muscle – e.g., the deltoid muscle (deltoid = triangle) • Relative _____ – e.g., maximus (largest), minimus (smallest), longus (long) • Direction of ______ – e.g., rectus (fibers run straight), transversus, and oblique (fibers run at angles to an imaginary defined axis) • Number of _______ – e.g., biceps (two origins) and triceps (three origins) • Location of ____________ – named according to point of origin or insertion • ______ – e.g., flexor or extensor, as in the names of muscles that flex or extend, respectively Warm-Up Practice: Muscle Arrangements Muscles consist of fascicles which vary in shape and function. Instructions: Study the 7 fascicle arrangements shown on pg 180 – 183. Then, complete question #4 on pg 184. Be prepared to share & discuss. Estimated Time = 8 minutes Fascicle Arrangements, pgs 180 - 183 A – Fascicles are endomysium-wrapped bundles of muscle fibers Parallel – fascicles run parallel to the long axis of the muscle (e.g., sartorius) Fusiform – spindle-shaped muscles (e.g., biceps brachii) Pennate – short fascicles that attach obliquely to a central tendon running the length of the muscle (e.g., rectus femoris) Convergent – fascicles converge from a broad origin to a single tendon insertion (e.g., pectoralis major) Circular – fascicles are arranged in concentric rings (e.g., orbicularis oris) Lateral Muscles of Scalp, Face & Neck, pg 187 Label your practice diagram pg 192, question #6 as I discuss each muscle. Corrugator supercilii Epicranius: galea aponeurotica Frontal belly Occipital belly Orbicularis oculi temporalis Levatator labii superioris massester Zygomaticus minor and major buccinator sternocleidomastoid trapezius platysma Splenius capitis Warm-Up Practice, pg 185 - 187 Instructions: Matching. Write correct answer in your notes next to this slide. 1. Main muscle of the scalp a) platysma 2. Muscle that depresses the hyoid bone b) Orbicularis oris 3. Muscle that closes lips c) Zygomaticus (major and minor) 4. Muscle that holds food between teeth during chewing d) Epicranius 5. Muscle that helps depress mandible e) Frontalis 6. Protects eyes from intense light f) Sternohyoid 7. Raises eyebrows g) Buccinator 8. Rotates head left and right h) Sternocleidomastoid 9. Elevates, protrudes and retracts the mandible i) Orbicularis oculi 10. Smiling muscle j) masseter Muscles – Anterior Upper Body, pg 187 & 190 epicranius temporalis masseter platysma orbicularis oculi zygomaticus orbicularis oris sternohyoid trapezius deltoid Pectoralis minor pectoralis major Triceps brachii Serratus anterior intercostals Rectus abdominus Biceps brachii External oblique Internal oblique brachialis brachioradialis Palmaris longus sternocleidomastoid Flexor carpi radialis Pronator teres Transversus abdominus Muscles – Anterior Lower Body, pg190 iliopsoas pectineus Rectus femoris Vastus lateralis Tensor fasciae latae sartorius Adductor longus gracilis Vastus medialis gastrocnemius Fibularis longus soleus Extensor digitorum longus Tibialis anterior Review 1 2 3 Review 4 5 6 • Which 2 muscles are used to flex the elbow? Muscles – Posterior Upper Body, pg 191 epicranius sternocleidomastoid Triceps brachii trapezius brachialis deltoid infraspinatus Teres major brachioradialus Rhomboid major Extensor carpi radialis longus Latissimus dorsi Extensor carpi ulnaris Extensor digitorum Flexor carpi ulnaris Muscles – Posterior Lower Body, pg 191 Gluteus medius Iliotibial tract Gluteus maximus Adductor magnus Hamstrings: Biceps femoris Semitendinosus Gastrocnemius soleus Fibularis longus Calcaneal (Achilles tendon) Semimembranosus Review 1 2 3 Review 4 5 6 Study Activity: Reviewing the Superficial Muscles Instructions: Practice labeling the muscles of the human body in your workbook on pgs 193 & 194.
