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PROJECT FINANCE INITIATIVE and PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS Simon Par Keeling, Société Générale Paris Public Private Partnerships Project Finance Initiative / Public Private Partnership (PPPs) is a partnership between the public sector and the private sector for the purpose of delivering a project or a service traditionally provided by the public sector The overall aim of PPPs is to structure the relationship between the public sector and the private sector, so that the risks are borne by those best able to manage them Increased value is achieved for public services through the exploitation of private sector skills and competencies Transfer of appropriate level of risks and responsibility But, government maintains control where appropriate (e.g. regulation, transport policy) Public Private Partnerships in Europe PPPS are increasingly being seen as an attractive approach to the provision of infrastructure projects and services across Europe An ever increasing number of countries are embarking upon PPP programmes (Greece, Ireland, Finland, Italy…) that will lead to a significant redefinition in the role of the public sector in the financing and provision of public services Public Private Partnerships in Europe Spain Netherlands United Kingdom France Italy Portugal Belgium Greece Finland Ireland Germany Degree of PPP development limited developing mature Objectives of PPPs: Public Sector Value for Money: better services at lower prices for customers Competition - ensures that Value for Money achieved for taxpayers Risk Transfer Introducing private sector expertise Innovative solutions Off balance sheet financing and long-term private funding Implications of PPPs: Public Sector Change in procurement process Development of core requirement (output specifications, frequency of trains) Consideration of whole-life costing Detailed analysis of project risks Regulation of the provision of services Relationship with funders and sub-contractors through Direct Agreements Consistency of approach through central government Objectives of PPPs: Private Sector Long-term projects with strong underlying economics Proper risk allocation - risks that can be managed Acceptable returns Possible Benefits derived from PPPs Experience of PPPs suggest that significant benefit could be achieved in the followings areas : acceleration of infrastructure provision / faster implementation reduced whole life costs better allocation of risk better incentives to perform improve quality of service generation of additional revenues for the public sector (revenue share, concession fee…) Lessons learnt PPPs: Learning the lessons laying the foundations (experienced external advisors, clear regulatory regime..) clearly defined process to reduce the time and cost clearly defining project and performance requirements removing unintended obstacles (parliamentary appraisal, trade unions…) critical role of the central and local government agencies to play in the management and regulation of PPPs Types of PPPs Wide range of options : allocation of responsibility for asset ownership, management and capital investment between the public and private sectors Private ownership, control and investment Incentives for efficiency Service contract Management contracts Outsourcing contracts BOTs Potential benefits for consumers Risk Concessions contracts % Trade sale or IPO Traditional Risk Allocation for Public Sector Procurement Roll Out Quality/Cost Technology Design Quality/Cost Cost/Obsolescence Cost/Availability/Terms Finance Public Sector Cost/Quality Operation Time/Cost Cost/Quality Approval Process Maintenance Residual Value Asset Value Usage/Price Market Public Private Partnership Risk Allocation Commissioning Quality/Cost Design Technology Quality/Cost Cost/Obsolescence Procurement Contract Private Sector Operation Cost/Quality Public Sector Cost/Quality Residual Value Maintenance Time/Cost Time/Cost Regulatory Process Approval Process Residual Value Asset Value Usage/Price Demand Cost/Availability /Terms Finance
