Download Which of the following is not an example of matter?

Which of the following is not an example of
matter?
a.  Blood plasma
b.  Air we breathe
c.  A hand bone
d.  Energy
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following is an example of the
conversion of potential energy into kinetic
energy?
a.  Synthesis of ATP from glucose
b.  ATP hydrolysis to drive muscle contraction
c.  Digestion of protein in the stomach
d.  Pumping ions across a cell membrane
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
The four elements that comprise 96% of
living matter are __________.
a.  carbon, sodium, nitrogen, oxygen
b.  carbon, hydrogen, sodium, oxygen
c.  carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sodium
d.  carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen
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When atoms of two different elements
combine, they form a(n) __________.
a.  compound
b.  mixture
c.  element
d.  solution
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The most important determinant of an
atom’s bonding behavior is __________.
a.  the number of protons in the nucleus
b.  the total number of electrons
c.  the number of valence shell electrons
d.  the number of neutrons in the nucleus
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When atoms gain electrons __________.
a.  the atoms become electrically neutral
b.  the atoms become positively charged
c.  their atomic mass significantly increases
d.  the atoms become negatively charged
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Water, H2O, is a polar molecule. Oxygen is
electronegative and hydrogen is
electropositive. This means that
__________.
a.  each hydrogen pulls electrons away from
oxygen and becomes more negative
b.  the electrons are shared equally
c.  the oxygen pulls electrons away from
hydrogen and becomes more negative
d.  the oxygen pulls electrons away from
hydrogen and becomes more positive
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Hydrogen bonds are similar to ionic bonds
because __________.
a.  both hydrogen bonds and ionic bonds are
due to opposite charge attractions
b.  they both occur between like charged
atoms
c.  they both form molecules
d.  they are both very strong bonds
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Water’s unique properties like high heat
capacity, high heat of vaporization, and
universal solvent can be attributed to its
__________.
a.  oxygen atom
b.  ability to form hydrogen bonds
c.  hydrogen atoms
d.  small size
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A substance that is very acidic may have a
pH of 1 or 2. This means that the acidic
substance __________.
a.  has a high concentration of OH– ions
b.  has an equal concentration of OH– and H+
ions
c.  has a low concentration of H+ ions
d.  has a high concentration of H+ ions
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The major building blocks of carbohydrates
are __________.
a.  amino acids
b.  fats
c.  nucleotides
d.  monosaccharides
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The major building block for proteins is
__________.
a.  amino acids
b.  monosaccharides
c.  triglycerides
d.  nucleotides
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Functions of proteins do not include acting
as __________.
a.  membrane receptors
b.  genes
c.  enzymes
d.  muscle cell components
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The quaternary level of protein structure
involves __________.
a.  individual amino acids
b.  aggregations of polypeptides forming a
complex protein
c.  alpha-helices
d.  hydrogen bonds between adjacent amino
acids
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Increasing the concentration of an enzyme’s
substrate (up to a point) would ___________
the reaction.
a.  slow down
b.  speed up
c.  inhibit
d.  destroy
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Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
The basic functional unit of living
organisms is the __________.
a.  element
b.  organism
c.  cell
d.  organ
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You would expect that cells that expend a
great deal of energy, such as skeletal
muscle cells, would have increased
quantities of ___________.
a.  ribosomes
b.  smooth endoplasmic reticulum
c.  peroxisomes
d.  mitochondria
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Intensely biosynthetic secretory cells such
as neurons would be expected to have
greater amounts of _________ than other
cells.
a.  centrioles
b.  lysosomes
c.  rough endoplasmic reticulum
d.  peroxisomes
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The presence of which of the following
cytoskeletal elements endows cilia with the
ability to move and bend?
a.  Intermediate filaments
b.  Microtubules
c.  Microfilaments
d.  Actin filaments
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During which stage of the cell’s life cycle is
DNA replicated?
a.  G1
b.  S
c.  G2
d.  M
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The main function of DNA is to dictate
___________ production.
a.  protein
b.  carbohydrate
c.  lipid
d.  nucleic acid
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Every three nucleotides in a gene code for
_________ amino acid(s).
a.  three
b.  two
c.  one
d.  no
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The molecule that interacts with ribosomes
to dictate protein production is _______.
a.  a nucleotide
b.  DNA
c.  transfer RNA
d.  messenger RNA
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_________ is the process whereby mRNA is
made.
a.  DNA replication
b.  Translation
c.  Transcription
d.  mRNA editing
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
____________ is the process whereby
protein is made.
a.  DNA replication
b.  Translation
c.  Transcription
d.  mRNA editing
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Loss of one’s skin, such as with severe
burns, leads to an increased risk of
__________.
a.  bacterial infection
b.  inadequate body temperature
maintenance
c.  dehydration
d.  all of the above
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The skin plays a role in the manufacture of
vitamin ______.
a.  A
b.  B
c.  C
d.  D
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The principal role of melanin is to
__________.
a.  give one that “healthy tan look”
b.  keep the body cool
c.  provide a waterproof layer
d.  shield the nucleus from damage by
ultraviolet radiation
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The order of layers of epidermis from deep
to superficial is (thin skin) Stratum:
a.  Germinativum, corneum, spinosum,
granulosum
b.  Corneum, granulosum, spinosum,
germinativum
c.  Germinativum, spinosum, granulosum,
corneum
d.  Spinosum, granulosum, germinativum,
corneum
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Which of the following layers is found in
thick skin only?
a.  Stratum lucidum
b.  Papillary layer
c.  Reticular layer
d.  Stratum basale
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Hair and nails:
a.  Are composed primarily of melanocytes
b.  Originate from the stratum corneum
c.  Consist of dead keratinocytes
d.  Contain harder keratin than general
integument
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The terms “long,” “short,” “flat,” and
“irregular” are used to classify bones based
on their ________.
a.  tissue content
b.  function
c.  shape
d.  weight
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The most important characteristic for
designating a bone as a long bone is
_________.
a.  its elongated shape
b.  its total length
c.  its length relative to other bones
d.  its location in the body
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Which of the following is not a type of bone
cell?
a.  Osteoblast
b.  Osteoclast
c.  Osteocyte
d.  Osteoclasp
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The end of a long bone is the ________.
a.  medullary cavity
b.  diaphysis
c.  epiphysis
d.  periosteum
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A group of concentric rings of bone matrix,
comprising the functional unit of long
bones, is called a(n) __________.
a.  lamella
b.  osteon
c.  pillar system
d.  Sharpey’s system
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Adjacent osteocytes communicate via gap
junctions found within ________.
a.  lacunae
b.  Volkmann’s canals
c.  Haversian canals
d.  canaliculi
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The principal component of bone that
contributes to its hardness is __________.
a.  hydroxyapatite
b.  collagen
c.  osteoid
d.  organic
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All bones formed via intramembranous
ossification are ________ bones.
a.  long
b.  short
c.  flat
d.  irregular
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Which of the following bone cell types is
primarily responsible for initiating
ossification of bone?
a.  Osteoblasts
b.  Osteoclasts
c.  Osteocytes
d.  Chondroblasts
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.