Download Torsten Kleiss: Monitoring and Benchmarking the Energy

Dr Torsten Kleiss
Dr.
Kleiss, November 2015
Monitoring and Benchmarking
Energy Performance of Large Building Stocks
Restricted © Siemens AG 2015
siemens.com
“If y
you can't measure it,,
you can't improve
y
p
it.”
Peter Drucker (1909 – 2005)
Restricted © Siemens AG 2015
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2015-11-19
Dr. Torsten Kleiss / BT CPS
Traffic Control Centers obtain detailed real-time
real time information for
monitoring and optimizing vehicle flow
S
Source:
Siemens
Si
AG
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2015-11-19
Dr. Torsten Kleiss / BT CPS
And this is how we monitor and manage energy in our buildings
S
Source:
flickr.org
fli k
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Dr. Torsten Kleiss / BT CPS
14 US cities have mandated the reporting of building energy consumption
Chicago
Seattle
Atlanta
Portland
N
New
Y
York
k Cit
City
46% 2.8 billion sqft
Washington, DC
Cambridge, MA
Boston
Minneapolis
New York City
Philadelphia
p
Washington, DC
Chicago
San Francisco
Berkeley, CA
Kansas
City
y
Philadelphia
Seattle
Boston
San Francisco
Cambridge,
g , MA
Austin Minneapolis
Distribution by covered area
Chicago
Atlanta
Austin
Atlanta
Washington, DC
New York City
38% 15,300 buildings
Philadelphia
Seattle
Boston
San Francisco
S
Source:
Institute
I tit t off Building
B ildi T
Transformation,
f
ti
buildingrating.org
b ildi
ti
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Cambridge, MA
Austin Minneapolis
Distribution by covered number of buildings
Dr. Torsten Kleiss / BT CPS
New York City has the most ambitious and progressive
building benchmarking program
• In 2007,
2007 PlaNYC was establish with a goal of reducing greenhouse
gas emissions by 30% until 2030
• E
Energy used
d in
i b
buildings
ildi
contributes
t ib t >75%
75% off GHG emissions
i i
and is key to achieve set target
• Benchmarking
h
ki Locall Law 84 off 2009
• Private owners of buildings >50,000 sqf and
public buildings > 10,000 sqft must report energy usage yearly
• More than 15,300 buildings
g represent
p
2% of all buildings,
g but
cover >50% of floor space
gy Star Portfolio Manager®
g
• Data collected and scored via Energy
• Increase of compliance rate from 75% to 84% from 2011 to 2013
• Penalty
P
l off 2
2,000$
000$ per year ffor non-compliance
li
• Aggregated data available for building owners from three private
utilities
S
Source:
metered.nyc
t d
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Dr. Torsten Kleiss / BT CPS
Benchmarking data is publicly available
Annual reports outline overall performance of existing building stock
Distribution
st but o o
of Energy
e gy Sta
Star Sco
Score
e
Publicly
ub c y Available
a ab e Data
ata a
and
d Reports
epo ts
Median Energy Star Score is 20pts higher than US average
S
Source:
NYC LLocall LLaw 84 B
Benchmarking
h
ki R
Reportt 2014
2014; metered.nyc
t d
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Dr. Torsten Kleiss / BT CPS
Average Source Energy Use Intensity of 134 kbtu/sf
Variation in Source EUI
Sector Impact
Office: 195
(22% of buildings) Multifamily: 124
(64% of buildings)
Wide spread of energy use intensity
intensity, especially in
office buildings and retail
Office and multifamily buildings contribute
> 80% of total energy use
S
Source:
NYC LLocall LLaw 84 B
Benchmarking
h
ki R
Reportt 2014
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Dr. Torsten Kleiss / BT CPS
New and large office buildings show higher energy consumption
EUI and Built Year
Office
Multifamily
EUI and Floor Area
Office Median EUI
MF Median EUI
Office
[kBtu/sqft]
Multifamily
Office Median EUI
[kBtu/sqft]
272
268
244
244
173
131
170
120
MF Median EUI
180
160
118
173
177
196
196
220
148
116
118
118
121
127
137
188
141
132
162
120
204
222
197
173
118
130
134
140
200300
300400
400500
155
500600
260
228
238
207
164
143
600700
141
Pre 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
1900
Year built
50-100 100200
700800
Newer office buildings showing higher use of energy,
while multifamily buildings are flat
Larger buildings use more energy per area
143
800900
147
900- >1000
1000
Gross Floor Area [in 1,000 sqft]
S
Source:
NYC LLocall LLaw 84 B
Benchmarking
h
ki R
Reportt 2014
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Dr. Torsten Kleiss / BT CPS
Benchmarking results with policy implications in NYC
• Energy use would be reduced by 18%, if all buildings could reach current average
• Since 2013,
2013 LL87 mandates energy audit and retro-commissioning every 10
years, incl. submission of detailed energy efficiency report
Results
and
i
i
installation
i off sub-meters in
i non-residential
i
i tenant space
Implications • By 2025, LL88 requires
• Long
Long-term
term benchmarking data will be used to track policy impacts, e.g.
NYC Clean Heat Program to reduce heavy heating oil use
• Data accuracy and verification
Issues
• Incentivize implementation of improvement measures
• Impact of large one-time events, i.e. Hurricane Sandy in 2012, to be considered
• Linking energy usage with output
output, e.g.
e g occupancy density
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Dr. Torsten Kleiss / BT CPS
Siemens’ Site Controls for monitoring and operating large building portfolios
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Dr. Torsten Kleiss / BT CPS
Key challenges in monitoring and benchmarking large building stocks
1 Prioritization of energy efficiency
1.
2. Costs for data collection
3. Lack of common data platform: variety of communication standards and protocols
4. ((Perception)
p
) of information security
y
5. Challenges of financial evaluation beyond energy savings
• Operational efficiency
• Productivity and comfort
Don’t forget
“If
If you can't
can t measure it
it, you can
can'tt improve it
it.” –
If you measure it
it, you haven
haven’tt yet improved it.
it
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Dr. Torsten Kleiss / BT CPS
Dr. Torsten Kleiss
Dr
Director Strategy
Building Technologies
Technologies, Control Products and Systems
Gubelstr. 22
CH 6300 Z
CH-6300
Zug
Switzerland
E-mail:
[email protected]
@
siemens.com
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Dr. Torsten Kleiss / BT CPS