Download What Is a Computer? - BS Pimsat BS Pimsat

Chapter 1
BBA (Evening)
-Exploring computer& their Uses
-Looking Inside the Computer System
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Chapter 1 Objectives
Recognize the importance of
computer literacy
Identify the various types of software
Define the term computer and identify
its components
Describe the categories of computers
Explain why a computer is a
powerful tool
Determine how the elements of an
information system interact
Recognize the purpose of a network
Discuss the uses of the Internet and the
World Wide Web
Identify the various types of
computer users
Discuss computer applications in society
Recognize the difference between
installing and running a program
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A World of Computers
What is computer literacy?


Knowledge and understanding
of computers and their uses
Computers are everywhere
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What Is a Computer?
How is a computer defined?

Electronic device operating under the control of
instructions stored in its own memory
The computer
first, Accepts data such as raw facts, figures, and symbol
then, Processes data into information (Data that is
organized, meaningful, and useful )
finally, Produces and stores results
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What is the information processing cycle?
Input
Process
Output
Storage
Communication
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What is the information processing cycle?
information processing cycle The sequence of events
in processing information, which includes (1) input,
(2) processing, (3) storage and (4) output. The input
stage can be further broken down into data entry and
validation.
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Input Devices
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
Keyboard
Mouse
Scanner
Digital Camera , Camcorder
Gamepad, Joystick, Steering wheel.
Mic
Barcode Reader
Pen / Stylus
Touch Screen
Webcam
Biometrics (Thumb impression / Face detection)
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Output Devices
1-speaker - use to listen openly sound
2-headphones - use to listen sound slowly
3-Screen (Monitor) - use to display
4-Printer - use to print documents
6-Disk Drives - A disk drive is used to record information from the computer
onto a floppy disk or CD.
7-Floppy Disk - A floppy disk is used to record information on. The information
is stored on the floppy disk and can be used later or used on another
computer.
8-Robots - Robots are able to perform a variety of tasks as a result of executing
instructions contained within a program
9- Machine Tool - Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) tools are used to
manufacture a variety of products.
10-Flatbed Plotter - This is a plotter where the paper is fixed on a flat surface
and pens are moved to draw the image. This plotter can use several different8
Looking Inside the computer
Low-level : There are two categories of low-level
languages: machine language and assembly
language.Machine language, or machine code, is the
only language that is directly understood by the
computer, and it does not need to be translated. All
instructions use binary notation and are written as
a string of 1s and 0s. A program instruction in
machine language may look like something like
this:10010101100101001111101010011011100101
binary notation is very difficult for humans to
understand. This is where assembly languages come
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in.
An assembly language is the first step to improve
programming structure and make machine
language more readable by humans.
An assembly language consists of a set of
symbols and letters. A translator is required to
translate the assembly language to machine
language. This translator program is called the
'Assembler.' It can be called the second
generation language since it no longer uses 1s
and 0s to write instructions, but terms
like MOVE, ADD, SUB and END.
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High-Level Languages
A high-level language is a programming language
that uses English and mathematical symbols, like
+, -, % and many others, in its instructions. When
using the term 'programming languages,' most
people are actually referring to high-level
languages. High-level languages are the
languages most often used by programmers to
write programs. Examples of high level languages
are C++, Fortran, Java and Python.
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bytes contain eight bits of data.
If you have used a computer for more than five
minutes, then you have heard the
words bits and bytes. Both RAM and hard
disk capacities are measured in bytes, as are file
sizes when you examine them in a file viewer.You
might hear an advertisement that says, "This
computer has a 32-bitPentium processor with
64 megabytes of RAM and 2.1 gigabytes of hard
disk space.
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Bits, Bytes, Mega, Giga, Tera (explained)
1 bit = a 1 or 0 (b)
4 bits = 1 nybble (?)
8 bits = 1 byte (B)
1024 bytes = 1 Kilobyte (KB)
1024 Kilobytes = 1 Megabyte (MB)
1024 Megabytes = 1 Gigabyte (GB)
1024 Gigabytes = 1 Terabyte (TB)
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The Components of a Computer
What is an _____
input device?

Hardware used
to enter data
and instructions
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The Components of a Computer
What is an ______
output device?

Hardware that
conveys
information
to a user
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What is the magical inside the black box?
Memory
card
Video
Card
Power
Supply
Sound
Card
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The Components of a Computer
What are two main components on the
motherboard?

Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Also called a processor
Carries out instructions
that tell computer what to do

Memory
Temporary holding place for data
and instructions
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Storage device
What is a floppy disk?


Thin, circular,
flexible disk
enclosed in rigid
plastic shell
A Zip® disk looks
similar but has
much greater
storage capability
(=170 floppy disk)
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The Components of a Computer
What is a hard disk?


Provides much
greater storage
capacity than a
floppy disk or
Zip® disk
Housed inside the
system unit
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The Components of a Computer
What is a compact disc?

Flat, round, portable metal disc
 CD-ROM
 CD-RW
Capacity: 673~768 MB


DVD-ROM
DVD+RW
Capacity:4.7 ~ 17.1 GB
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Computer Software
How do you install and run a software program?

A program is a series of instructions that tells the
computer what to do
Step 2. Install the
Step 1.
Insert the program disc
into the CD-ROM
drive
software program by
instruction in the disc,
then run the program
Step 3.
The program executes
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