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POLICY NO DCI 13 - CL Under Review LANDSCAPE GUIDELINES AND TECHNICAL NOTES FOR VARIOUS DEVELOPMENTS POLICY Date Resolved By Council: 14 December 1998 Commencement Date: 14 December 1998 Review Date: 2003 / 2004 Responsible Department: City Infrastructure This policy has been authorised and is included on Council’s Website. Peter Brown Chief Executive Officer April 2003 ____________________________________________________________________________ LANDSCAPE GUIEDELINES AND TECHNICAL NOTES FOR VARIOUS DEVELOPMENTS POLICY ____________________________________________________________________________ SCOPE OF THE GUIDE This document applies to all developments which require a landscape plan to be submitted as part of a planning application. These include applications for multi unit developments, commercial and industrial sites where landscaping is required as part of the planning approval. The guidelines will also be used more generally to encourage a strong and distinct Moreland landscape across private and public land-holdings. However where developments create a space available to the public, such as roads, car parks, plazas/forecourts and so on, Council would require the landscape plan to adopt the recommendations of the “Moreland Street Landscape Strategy, (1997)”. INTRODUCTION The character and attractiveness of the City of Moreland depend on the quality of its built and natural environment. Moreland’s Corporate Plan and Municipal Strategic Statement both place considerable emphasis on the conservation and improvement of the environment. Council is committed to achieving a high standard of design, development, and management of its public landscapes, streets and open spaces. It is also keen to encourage developers to provide quality landscapes that contribute to the built and natural character and sustainability of the city. The private garden is a component of the streetscape and the natural environment. PURPOSE The purpose of this document is to: Encourage the development of quality landscapes associated with new development. Identify Council’s policy and aims regarding municipal planting theme and design principles that are important for a quality outcome. Assist in the documentation and submission of landscape plans so as to ensure efficient and quick processing of planning applications. Identify a selection of tree species for planting in private gardens and landscapes. MUNICIPAL PLANTING SCHEME The Moreland Street Landscape Strategy aims to create a strong municipal planting theme through the use of local native trees. This planting will establish a unique Moreland character whilst providing habitat benefits and attracting native bird life. Moreland City Council aims to encourage and enhance this planting theme into the private gardens of new developments. Note:- The Moreland Street Landscape Strategy is available at Council offices for viewing. ____________________________________________________________________________ 1 ____________________________________________________________________________ LANDSCAPE GUIEDELINES AND TECHNICAL NOTES FOR VARIOUS DEVELOPMENTS POLICY ____________________________________________________________________________ DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR PLANTING IN MORELAND Local Area Character Council is keen to enrich the qualities of the city by encouraging private landscape developments that consider and complement local area character and streetscape. The most important factors of the private gardens that affect local area character are: Fence type, Plant species and planting patterns, and Materials and colours, including paving. Fences, especially the front fence and gates, should generally have a height, scale, structural articulation, materials and colours that respond to the overall scale and proportions of the street and streetscape. A fence should be a simple complement to the building and provide for an active frontage to the street. Plant Selection Plant species and planting patterns should add to the streetscape image of the area, especially where the private garden is visible from the street: Local, indigenous vegetation is the principal theme in Moreland’s open space development and streetscape strategy. Species selection and plant grouping should be environmentally and ecologically appropriate and strengthen existing and establishing vegetation stands and patterns in the public realm. In particular, private gardens in areas along creek corridors and open space should be sensitively treated. Regionally local native plants should be the first choice. These areas provide opportunities to build ecological corridors across the city. Species selection and planting patterns should follow from the local growing conditions and relate to the scale and proportions of the street and the built elements in the area. A list of regionally local native plants is provided in these guidelines. Materials and colours of landscape structures and surfaces should make a positive contribution to the streetscape and not detract from its quality. Natural Ecosystems Moreland’s natural ecosystems have been put under severe pressure by the growth and development of the city. Their protection and restoration is a priority of Council. Much work has been done already to restore natural systems along the Merri, Moonee Ponds, Merlynston, Edgars, and Westbreen Creeks. Council encourages residents, developers and land owners to contribute to increasing the incidence of indigenous plants. This is seen as a way of encouraging native bird life back to the municipality. ____________________________________________________________________________ 2 ____________________________________________________________________________ LANDSCAPE GUIEDELINES AND TECHNICAL NOTES FOR VARIOUS DEVELOPMENTS POLICY ____________________________________________________________________________ Important measures in the protection and restoration of local vegetation in private landscapes are: Identification of any remnant, indigenous vegetation, Retention of remnant vegetation including groups and single plants, Removal and control of environmental weeds, and Selection of local, indigenous species for complementary planting. Environmentally Sustainable Landscape Design Council is committed to an environmentally sustainable city. It encourages innovative landscape solutions to conserve water and energy and reduce waste in all private gardens. Measures for water conservation in the private gardens include: Selection of plants suited to local climatic and growing conditions, Recirculation of water within the site, and, Design of site drainage to benefit vegetation on the site. Measures for energy conservation in the private gardens include: Use of materials produced from renewable resources only, and Selection of plants and planting patterns that contribute to the solar efficiency of the building. Measures for waste reduction in the private landscape include: Design for and implementation of composting and mulching to return local nutrients to the soil. Landscape Designer Landscape plans associated with planning permit applications must be competent and well considered, prepared by a suitably qualified landscape designer. Landscape Architects are corporate members of the Australian Institute of Landscape Architects (AILA). Other professional designers with a degree in horticulture or urban design and relevant professional experience may also be adequately qualified and approved by Council to undertake landscape design. Council encourages developers to involve the landscape designer in the development project from the earliest possible stage to ensure proper consideration of landscape factors and to contribute to a sustainable, cost-effective outcome. ____________________________________________________________________________ 3 ____________________________________________________________________________ LANDSCAPE GUIEDELINES AND TECHNICAL NOTES FOR VARIOUS DEVELOPMENTS POLICY ____________________________________________________________________________ Designing Landscapes Council wishes to encourage landscape developments that consider and complement the use and design of the associated buildings. The amenity and identity of a private landscape and garden depend on its usefulness and aesthetic quality. The private landscape should have: A pattern of use that complements the use of the buildings and differentiates between various activities and functions, A layout that relates to the layout of the buildings, provides for the extension of internal activities outdoors and makes good use of the site, Convenient and safe access into and within the site, A style that relates to the architecture of the buildings including forms, materials, details and finishes, A scale that relates to the proportions of the building and the site, and A planting concept that complements the use and form of the buildings. PLANNING APPLICATIONS - THE PROCESS Processing times for planning applications depend on the adequacy and accuracy of the documentation. Council encourages developers to check that applications include all required documentation and that the documents include all required information and thoroughly describe the proposed works. Planning permit applications for landscape works should include: A detailed landscape plan Landscape schedule outlining plant species, densities and numbers; And where requested, a statement explaining the landscape design. SITE ANALYSIS Site analysis forms the basis of the landscape design. The Victorian Government’s Good Design Guide for Medium-Density Housing requires a site analysis for multi-unit developments and Council strongly recommends it for all other developments in Moreland as well. Site analysis is a part of the site designs process. It should clearly show the existing conditions, opportunities, and constraints on the site and the immediately adjoining sites and streets. Factors such as sun orientation, soil condition and purpose of the open space all influence the landscape design and selection of flora. ____________________________________________________________________________ 4 ____________________________________________________________________________ LANDSCAPE GUIEDELINES AND TECHNICAL NOTES FOR VARIOUS DEVELOPMENTS POLICY ____________________________________________________________________________ Factors which should be considered prior to designing landscape are: Subject Site Geology, contours and existing native and significant exotic vegetation; The design, layout and location of the building (including habitable room windows); Views to and from the site; Vehicular and pedestrian access; Drainage and services; Solar access (including winter sun and summer sun), orientation and noise sources; Fences, boundaries and easements; Surrounding Area The location of the adjoining buildings and the habitable room windows; Abutting private open space; Nearby public open space; Views and solar access enjoyed by adjacent property owners and parkland users; Major trees on adjacent properties; Street frontage features, such as street trees, poles, paving etc; Built form and character of the surrounding streetscape and development, including fencing and garden styles. Documentation A landscape plan should: Be drawn to scale, preferable at 1:100 or 1:200. Not larger than A1 in size. Show site and building layout and boundaries, including the ground floor plan of all buildings on the site showing the location of doors and windows fencing. Designate and identify the areas to be set aside as lawn, pavement or garden beds. Graphically identify the proposed trees, group of shrubs, areas of ground covers and climber locations and existing vegetation to be retained. Indicate management plan for any indigenous vegetation being retained. Provide a plant schedule which is a list of the proposed plants, plant density and the total numbers required. Identify type and design of materials to be used, such as paving, railway sleepers, pergolas, seating, fencing, fountains etc. Include plan title, property address, date of drawing, scale and north point. ____________________________________________________________________________ 5 ____________________________________________________________________________ LANDSCAPE GUIEDELINES AND TECHNICAL NOTES FOR VARIOUS DEVELOPMENTS POLICY ____________________________________________________________________________ For large scale developments and for developments in environmentally sensitive locations, a landscape design statement will be required. The landscape design statement should be a brief written document that clearly explains the design principles and justifies the proposed landscape development, especially in relation to: Local area character including the selection of fence type, plant species, materials and colours, Natural ecosystems, and Environmentally sustainable design. Recommended Species The recommended species list provides a basis for flora selection . The species list includes local native, non-local native and exotic plants which are aligned to the growing conditions of Moreland. Preference is given to planting indigenous (local native) vegetation of local provenance. In selecting native plants, priority has been given to plants that will grow well in the local environment and complement the local native species in terms of design, function and habitat. A number of exotic species have been included in the plant list. This has been done to increase horticultural choice in unusual landscape circumstances where it is considered unlikely Moreland’s indigenous woodland plants will establish. For example, in micro-sites that may be in permanent shade. In normal circumstances, the majority of plants selected must be from the indigenous list. Plant List Note: The following list of plants should be used in conjunction with comments under ‘Plant Selection” on Page 2 of these guidelines. ____________________________________________________________________________ 6 ____________________________________________________________________________ LANDSCAPE GUIEDELINES AND TECHNICAL NOTES FOR VARIOUS DEVELOPMENTS POLICY ____________________________________________________________________________ REGIONALLY LOCAL NATIVE PLANTS Botanical Name Large Trees > 10 metres Acacia dealbata Acacia melanoxyon Eucalyptus camaldulensis Eucalyptus leucoxylon ssp. connata Eucalyptus macrorhyncha Eucalyptus melliodora Eucalyptus microcarpa Eucalyptus ovata Eucalyptus polyanthemos ssp. vestita Eucalyptus viminalis Common Name H W Silver Wattle Blackwood River Red Gum Yellow Gum Red Stringybark Yellow Box Grey Box Swamp Gum Red Box Manna Gum 10 - 20 8 - 15 15 - 25 10 - 15 10 - 35 15 - 25 15 - 25 8 - 12 10 - 15 15 - 25 4-8 5 - 10 10 - 20 5 - 10 10 - 20 10 - 20 10 - 15 5 - 10 6 - 10 10 - 20 Small Trees <10 metres Acacia implexa Acacia pycnantha Allocasuarina littoralis Allocasuarina verticillata Banksia marginata Bursaria spinosa var. spinosa Callitris glaucophylla Hymenanthera dentata Leptospermum lanigerum Leptospermum obovatum Pomaderris aspera Lightwood Golden Wattle Black Sheoke Drooping Sheoke Silver Banksia Sweet Bursaria White Cypress-pine Tree Violet Wooly Tea-tree River Tea-tree Hazel Pomaderris 6-8 3 - 10 5-8 6-8 8 4-8 5-8 3 5 3 3 - 10 4-8 2-5 2-5 4-6 3 3-6 4-6 2 2 1.5 2-4 Shrubs Acacia acinaceae Acacia paradoxa Acacia verticillata Callistemmon sieberi Correa glabra Correa reflexa Dodonaea viscosa ssp. spatulata Goodenia ovata Grevillea rosmarinifolia Gynatrix pulchella Kunzea ericoides Myoporum insulare Myoporum viscosum Rhagodia parabolica Solanum aviculare Viminria juncea Gold-dust Wattle Hedge Wattle Prickly Moses River Bottlebrush Rock Correa Common Correa Wedge-leaf Hop Bush Hop Goodenia Rosemary Grevillea Hemp Bush Burgan Boobialla Sticky Boobialla Fragrant Saltbush Kangaroo Apple Native Broom .5 - 2.5 2-4 2-6 3-8 1-3 0.3 - 2 1-3 1 - 2.5 1-3 2-4 2-5 1-5 0.5 - 2 0.5 - 2 1-3 2-5 2-4 2-5 3-5 2-5 1-3 1-2 1-3 1-3 2-3 1.5 - 3 2-4 1-3 1.5 - 2 .5 - 1.5 1-4 2 ____________________________________________________________________________ 7 ____________________________________________________________________________ LANDSCAPE GUIEDELINES AND TECHNICAL NOTES FOR VARIOUS DEVELOPMENTS POLICY ____________________________________________________________________________ Groundcovers and Wildflowers Atriplex semibaccata Brachyscome cardiocarpa Brachyscome multifida var. multifida Calocephalus citreus Calocephalus lacteus Carpobrotus modestus Chrysocephalum apiculatum Craspedia variabilis Dichondra repens Enchylaena tomentosa Helichrysum scorpioides Kennedia prostrata Myoporum parvifolium Pelargonium australe Pelargonium rodneyanum Podolepis jaceoides Pratia pedunculata Veronica gracilis Viola hederacae Wahlenbergia communis Wahlenbergia stricta Tussock Plants Carex appressa Carex breviculmis Danthonia duttoniana Creeping Saltbush Swamp Daisy Cut Leaf Daisy Lemon Beauty Heads Milky beauty Heads Pigface Common Everlasting Billy Buttons Kidney Weed Ruby Salybush Button Everlasting Running Postman Creeping Boobialla Australs Stork’s-bill Magenta Stork’s-bill Showy Podolepis Matted Pratia Slender Speedwell Native Violet Tufted Bluebell Tall Bluebell Poa morrisii Stipa elegantissima Stipa semibarbata Stylidium graminifolium var. graminifolium Themeda triandra Tall Sedge Short-stem Sedge Brown-back Wallaby Grass Bristly Wallaby Grass Smooth Flax-lily Black Anther Flax-lily Silky Blue-grass Thatch Saw-sedge Knobby Club-rush Wattle Mat-rush Spiny-headed Mat-rush Common Tussock Grass Velvet Tussock Grass Feather Spear-grass Fibrous Spear-grass Grass Trigger-plant Kangaroo Grass Climbers Clematis aristata Clematis microphylla Hardenbergia violaceae Old Man’s Beard Small-leafed Clematis Purple Coral Pea Danthonia setaceae var. setaceae Dianella longifolia var. longifolia Dianella revoluta var. revoluta Dicanthium sericeum Gahnia radula Isolepis nodosa Lomandra filiformis ssp. filiformis Lomandra longifolia Poa labillardieri .1 - .3 1–3 .3 .3 .4 .2 – 1 .5 .3 – 1 .3 .3 - .5 prostrate 1–3 .3 1–2 .3 .5 prostrate .1 – 1 .5 – 1 .3 .3 .1 1 – 2.5 .1 2–4 .3 - .6 .3 – 1 .3 .5 .3 - .6 .3 .1 2–3 .3 1 .15 1–2 .5 .15 .4 - .9 .3 - .5 .5 – 1 .15 .4 .5 – 1 .3 .3 - .8 .3 – 1 .3 - .5 1–2 .5 – 1.5 .1 - .5 .5 – 1 .5 – 1 .5 .5 .5 – 2.5 .3 .5 - .8 .3 – 1 .2 - .6 .4 – 1 .3 .5 .5 – 2 .6 – 2 .1 - .2 .5 – 1 .2 - .3 .5 5 – 15 5 – 10 1–2 ____________________________________________________________________________ 8 ____________________________________________________________________________ LANDSCAPE GUIEDELINES AND TECHNICAL NOTES FOR VARIOUS DEVELOPMENTS POLICY ____________________________________________________________________________ NON-LOCAL NATIVE PLANTS Botanical Name Tall Trees > 10 metres Allocasuarina luehmannii Allocasuarina torulosa Angophora costata Common Name H W 5 - 15 10 - 15 10 - 15 5 - 10 4-6 5 - 10 15 - 20 10 - 15 10 - 15 10 - 20 5 - 10 4-8 6-8 5-8 5-8 4-6 5-8 5-8 5-8 5-8 3-5 2-4 5-8 4-6 4-5 3-5 3-5 4-7 2-5 1.5 - 3 1 - 1.5 1.5 3-6 3-4 1-2 1.5 - 3 1 - 1.5 1 Common Dampiera Cushion Bush prostrate .5 - 1 prostrate .4 - .6 1 1-2 1-2 1 - 1.5 Little Kangaroo Paw Tasmanian Flax Lily Butterfly Flag .3 - .6 .5 - 1.5 .1 - .9 1 - 1.5 .3 - .6 1 - 1.2 .3 - .8 .5 - 2 .1 - 1 1 - 1.5 .3 - .6 .6 - 1 6 6 10 6 6 10 Eucalyptus tricarpa (sideroxylon) Ficus microcarpa var. hilli Lophostemon confertus Bull Oak Rose She-oke Smooth-bark Applemyrtle Red Ironbark Hills Weeping Fig Brush Box Small Trees <10 metres Agonis flexuosa Callistemon salignus Eucalyptus caesia Eucalyptus macranda Eucalyptus torquata Melia azerarach var australasica Tristaniopsis laurina Willow Myrtle Willow Bottlebrush Gungurru Long-flowered Marlock Coral Gum White Cedar Kanooka Shrubs Acacia iteaphylla Acacia retinoides Banksia ericifolia Calothamnus quadrifidus Correa baeuerlenii Westringia fruticosa Gawler Range Wattle Wirilda Heath Banksia Common Net Bush Chefs Cap Correa Native Rosemary Groundcovers and Forbs Dampiera linearis Leucophyta brownii Pratia pedunculata Rhagodia spinescens Tussock Plants Anigozanthus bicolor Dianella tasmanica Diplarrena moroea Orthrosanthus multiflorus Patersonia occidentalis Restio tetraphyllus Climbers Kennedia macrophylla Kennedia nigricans Pandorea pandorana Purple Flag Tassel Cord-rush Black Coral Pea Wonga Wonga Vine ____________________________________________________________________________ 9 ____________________________________________________________________________ LANDSCAPE GUIEDELINES AND TECHNICAL NOTES FOR VARIOUS DEVELOPMENTS POLICY ____________________________________________________________________________ NON-INVASIVE EXOTIC PLANTS Botanical Name Large Trees > 10 metres Alnus jorullensis Michelia doltsopa Quercus suber H W Evergreen Alder Chinese Magnolia Tree Cork Oak 6 - 12 3 - 15 6 - 12 3-6 1-5 4-6 2-5 5 - 10 1-3 2-4 Olea europaea var. europaea Crepe Myrtle New Zealand Christmas Tree European Olive 5 - 10 4-8 Shrubs Coleonema album Spirea cantoniensis White Diosma Reeves Spirea .6 - 1.2 1.5 - 2 .6 - 1.2 1 - 1.5 Groundcovers and Forbs Coprosma x kirkii Rosmarinus officinalis Rosemary .4 - .6 .5 - 1 1 - 1.5 Climbers Ficus pumila Parthenocissus tricuspidata Wisteria sinensis Creeping Fig Boston Ivy Chinese Wisteria 15 - 20 15 - 20 Small Trees < 10 metres Lagerstroemia indica Metrosideros excelsa Common Name ____________________________________________________________________________ 10 ____________________________________________________________________________ LANDSCAPE GUIEDELINES AND TECHNICAL NOTES FOR VARIOUS DEVELOPMENTS POLICY ____________________________________________________________________________ EXPANDED DESCRIPTIONS OF LARGE TREES FROM EACH OF THE THREE CATEGORIES (WITH ILLUSTRATION OF MATURE FORM) Local Native Trees Acacia dealbata Common Name: Silver Wattle Size: Height 10 - 20m x Width 4 - 8 Growth rate: Moderately fast: 0.6 - 0.9m per year Place of origin: Local native Acacia dealbata is a large evergreen tree that is easily grown, adaptable to a wide range of soil types, preferring moist soils. It will grow in dappled shade, partial or full sun. Host to the Imperial Blue Butterfly caterpillar when less than 3m tall. Bluish-green bipinnate leaves and profuse lemon flowers July to October. Acacia melanoxylon Common Name: Blackwood Size: Height 8 - 15 x Width 5 - 10 Growth rate: Slow: 0.3 - 0.6m per year Place of origin: Local native Acacia melanoxylon is a long-lived large evergreen tree with dull green phyllodes and cream to pale yellow flowers July to October. Prefers deep moist soils but adaptable, tolerating dryness once established. Dappled shade to full sun. Eucalyptus camaldulensis Common Name: River Red Gum Size: Height 15 - 20 x Width 10 - 20 Growth rate: Fast: 0.9m plus per year Place of origin: Local native Eucalyptus camaldulensis is a large evergreen tree of spreading form with narrow leaves and profuse white flowers November to March. Prefers deep soils and tolerates dry periods once established. Excellent habitat tree at maturity. Eucalyptus leucoxylon ssp. connata Common Name: Yellow Gum Size: Height 10 - 15 x Width 5 - 10 Growth rate: Moderately fast: 0.5 1.0m per year Place of origin: Local native Eucalyptus leucoxylon ssp. connata is a large evergreen tree of variable form with long, narrow olive-green to green pendulous leaves and profuse cream to white flowers May to September. Prefers heavy soils but is very adaptable, tolerating drought once established. Highly regarded for honey production. Eucalyptus macrorhyncha Common Name: Red Stringybark Size: Height 10 - 35 x Width 10 - 20 Growth rate: Moderately fast: 0.6 -0.9m per year Place of origin: Local native Eucalyptus macrorhyncha is a large sized upright tree with a rounded canopy. It has glossy leaves and profuse white to cream flowers January to April with a pervasive honey aroma, the red-brown bark is deeply fissured. Prefers a well drained clay loam soil, not tolerant of wet soils. ____________________________________________________________________________ 11 ____________________________________________________________________________ LANDSCAPE GUIEDELINES AND TECHNICAL NOTES FOR VARIOUS DEVELOPMENTS POLICY ____________________________________________________________________________ Eucalyptus melliodora Common name: Yellow Box Size: Height 15 - 25 x Width 10 - 20 Growth rate: Fast: 0.9m plus per year Place of origin: Local native Eucalyptus melliodora is a large evergreen variable open to dense tree with narrow leaves light green to greyish or blue, flowers perfumed cream to white, September to March. Soils need to be well-drained loams and alluvial. Excellent honey tree with a spreading, drooping canopy. Eucalyptus microcarpa Common Name: Grey Box Size: Height 15 - 25 x Width 10 - 15 Growth rate: Fast: 0.9m plus per year Place of origin: Local native Eucalyptus microcarpa is a large spreading tree with an open canopy. Leaves narrow dull green, flowers white February to August. Good honey tree, requiring heavy soils, tolerating wet winters and dry summers. Eucalyptus ovata Common Name: Swamp Gum Size: Height 8 - 12 x Width 5 - 10 Growth rate: Moderately fast: 0.6 -0.9m per year Place of origin: Local native Eucalyptus ovata is a medium to tall tree with open to moderately dense canopy. Shiny broad leaves with wavy edges, flowers white to cream March to June. Does well in poorly drained soils but also grows in well-drained soils. Useful shade tree for swampy areas and creek banks. Leaves are eaten by koalas. Eucalyptus polyanthemos ssp. vestita Common Name: Red Box Size: Height 10 - 15 x Width 6 - 10 Growth rate: Slow: 0.3 - 0.6m per year Place of origin: Local native Eucalyptus polyanthemos ssp. vestita a small to medium evergreen tree with attractive bluegrey rounded leaves and profuse white flowers September to January which attract nectar eating birds. Will tolerate poor soils as long as drainage is good. Eucalyptus viminalis Common Name: Manna Gum Size: Height 15 - 25 x Width 10 - 20 Growth rate: Fast: 0.9m plus per year Place of origin: Local native Eucalyptus viminalis is a large evergreen upright tree with an open spreading canopy. Dark green sickle-shaped leaves and white flowers January to May. Adaptable to a wide range of soils this tree is very ornamental with white trunk, clean branches and shedding bark. Leaves are an important koala food and the flowers a source of nectar and pollen for bees. ____________________________________________________________________________ 12 ____________________________________________________________________________ LANDSCAPE GUIEDELINES AND TECHNICAL NOTES FOR VARIOUS DEVELOPMENTS POLICY ____________________________________________________________________________ Non-Local Natives Trees Allocasuarina luehmannii Common Name: Bull Oak Size: Height 5 - 15 x Width 5 - 10 Growth rate: Moderately fast: 0.5 - 0.8m per year Place of origin: Local native Allocasuarina luehmannii is an evergreen upright tree with fine dull green branchlets. It has yellow spikes on male trees March to October. Adaptable to a wide range of heavy soils, filtered to full sun. Allocasuarina torulosa Common Name: Rose She-oke Size: Height 10 - 15 x Width: 4 - 6 Growth rate: Moderately fast: 0.6 - 0.9m per year Place of Origin: Qld, NSW Allocasuarina torulosa is a slender upright or spreading evergreen tree with deeply furrowed bark. Grey-green branchlets take on a rusty to dark brown appearance when in flower. Branches frequently weep when young, adaptable to a wide range of soils types and conditions. Angophora costata Common Name: Smooth-bark Apple-myrtle Size: Height 10 - 15 x Width 5 - 10 Growth rate: Moderately fast: 0.6 - 0.9m per year Place of Origin: Qld, NSW Angophora costata is a small to medium evergreen tree with an upright form with a relatively open canopy. The leaves are large and bright green, with reddish new growth. The flowers are white to cream and profuse through summer, bark smooth and bright orange brown to pink-brown when new. Will grow in a wide range of soil conditions. Eucalyptus tricarpa Common Name: Red Ironbark Size: Height 15 - 20 X Width 10 - 20 Growth rate: Fast: 0.9m plus per year Place of Origin: Victoria Eucalyptus tricarpa is a large upright to spreading tree with an open crown. The bark is persistent on trunk and branches, hard, very thick, deeply furrowed, reddish brown to black. The leaves long dull green to grey, profuse cream or pink flowers May to December, very attractive to nectar eating birds. Requires well drained soils and tolerates extended dry periods when established. Ficus microcarpa var. hilli Common Name: Hills Weeping Fig Size: Height 10 - 15 x Width 5 - 10 Growth rate: Slow: 0.3 - 0.6m per year Place of Origin: Qld Ficus microcarpa var. hilli is a medium sized evergreen tree leathery dark green leaves. At maturity the tree forms a bushy habit with weeping branches. The tree clips well to form large hedges or pleached avenue plantings. The bark is white which contrasts with the foliage. ____________________________________________________________________________ 13 ____________________________________________________________________________ LANDSCAPE GUIEDELINES AND TECHNICAL NOTES FOR VARIOUS DEVELOPMENTS POLICY ____________________________________________________________________________ Lophostemon confertus Common Name: Brush Box Size: Height 10 - 15 x Width 4 - 8 Growth rate: Moderately fast: 0.6 - 0.9m per year Place of Origin: NSW, Qld Lophostemon confertus is a medium sized evergreen tree forming a dense rounded crown. The leaves are a dark green, reddish when young, profuse white flowers in late spring to early summer. The compact form is unusual for native trees, tolerates a wide range of soil conditions. Exotic Trees Alnus jorullensis Common Name: Evergreen Alder Size: Height 6 - 12 x Width 3 - 6 Growth rate: Fast: 0.9m plus per year Place of Origin: Mexico Alnus jorullensis is an upright pyramidal evergreen tree with pendudlous deep green foliage. Bark is papery and pale grey. Tolerates a wide range of soil conditions. Michelia doltsopa Common Name: Chinese Magnolia Tree Size: Height 3 - 15 x Width 1 - 5 Growth rate: Slow: 0.3 - 0.6m per year Place of Origin: China Michelia doltsopa is a very ornamental evergreen tree with glossy leaves and fragrant white flowers. The tree requires well drained soil, not tolerant of drought. Quercus suber Common Name: Cork Oak Size: Height 6 - 12 x Width 4 - 6 Growth rate: Slow: 0.3 - 0.5m per year Place of Origin: N. Africa, Europe Quercus suber is an upright evergreen tree with glossy dark green leaves. The attractive bark is the commercial source for cork. The tree is tolerant of dry soils once established. ____________________________________________________________________________ 14 ____________________________________________________________________________ LANDSCAPE GUIEDELINES AND TECHNICAL NOTES FOR VARIOUS DEVELOPMENTS POLICY ____________________________________________________________________________ REFERENCE MATERIALS The Moreland Open Space Strategy; 1996 The Moreland Street Landscape Strategy, 1997 Merri Creek and Environs Strategy, 1998 Moonee Ponds Creek Concept Plan, 1992 Field Guide to Victoria’s Native Grasslands, 1992, National Trust Plants of Melbourne’s Western Plains - A gardener’s guide to the original flora, 1995, SGAP Keilor Plains Group Plants of the Merri Merri - A Home Gardener’s Guide to Using Indigenous Plants in the Northern Suburbs of Melbourne, 1994, Merri Creek Management Committee Flora of Melbourne - A Guide to the Indigenous Plants of the Greater Melbourne Area, 1993, Society for Growing Australian Plants Maroondah, Inc. Native Trees and Shrubs of South-Eastern Australia, 1989, L. F. Costermans Gardening with Indigenous Plants in Moreland, 1998 (Moreland City Council) ____________________________________________________________________________ 15 ____________________________________________________________________________ LANDSCAPE GUIEDELINES AND TECHNICAL NOTES FOR VARIOUS DEVELOPMENTS POLICY ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 16