Download What is OBIS? - Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research

Progress and plans
In context of SCOR meeting, 8th December 2006, London
What is OBIS?
Ocean Biogeographic Information System
publishes primary data on marine spcies
locations online www.iobis.org
It facilitates data discovery and exploration by
Mark J. Costello
[email protected]
Leigh Marine Laboratory, University of
Auckland, New Zealand
How does OBIS do it?
• Caches species distribution data from
databases distributed around world
• Creates taxonomic and geographic index
• Seeks out new datasets
• Develops standards for data exchange and
management
• Develops software tools for online use
• All data freely accessible online
Who is OBIS?
Strategic alliance of organisations and people sharing vision to make
data publicly available for research, education and management
Includes:
• Data custodians and
data providers
• Tool providers
• Regional OBIS Nodes
and iOBIS portal
• Partner organizations
and Sponsors
• Committee members
• Editorial Board
• Persons providing
feedback
• searching by species, higher taxa, time, location, depth, and
database
• mapping
• overlaying species distributions on ocean environments
• modeling of potential environmental range
And enables data capture for re-use
Recent review
• Open Access at
• http://www.int-res.com/abstracts/meps/v316/
People running OBIS
International Committee
• Bob Branton
• Ann Bucklin
• Mark Costello (Chair)
• Executive Director (vacant)
• Daphne Fautin
• Rainer Froese
• Fred Grassle (Director Secretariat)
• Pat Halpin
• Gary Poore
• Karen Stocks
• Edward Vanden Berghe
• Yunqing Zhang (Portal Manager)
Managers Committee
• Bob Branton, Canada (chair)
• Vishwas Chavan, Indian Ocean
• Mark Fornwall, USA
• Marten Grundlingh, Sub-Saharan
Africa
• Mirth Lewis, South America
• Alicja Mosbauer, Australia
• Don Robertson, SW Pacific (NZ)
• Junko Shimura, Japan
• Sun Song, China
• Edward Vanden Berghe, Europe
• Yunqing Zhang, iobis portal
Representatives of Regional OBIS Nodes
1
OBIS Managers Committee
Today, OBIS publishes
of 10 Regional Nodes Managers
In cache
• Near 150 datasets
• Over 10 million records
• 78,000 species
Australia
Canada
China
Europe
India
Japan
New Zealand
South America
Sub-Saharan Africa
United States of America
amongst largest data providers to the
Global Biodiversity Information Facility www.gbif.org
Predicted data capture
Data publication progress
12
150
30
500
Over 140 datasets
interoperable
8
100
Over 10 million records
Millions of records
(a) total records
(b) to genus level and below
20
400
300
50
4
200
10
Over 70,000 marine species
0
Feb-02
Feb-03
Feb-04
Feb-05
Number of
(a) data sources
(b) marine species (1,000s)
0
Feb-06
0
Time
100
0
Feb-02
Feb-03
Feb-04
Feb-05
Feb-06
Feb-07
Feb-08
Feb-09
Feb-10
Months
Long-term
LongLong-term scientific oversight
of online data
Quality Assurance
• Editorial Board
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Serve data from authoritative sources
Cross-check data statistics and map
User feedback buttons for each result
Usage is part of quality control process
Establish Editorial Board
Web statistics – monitor usage (citation system)
Develop peer-review system
• quality data and tools to OBIS
• advise on end-user experience
• advise on taxonomic and
ecological issues
• involve peer-reviewers
• Who?
•
•
•
•
Leaders major data sources
World taxonomic experts
Technical experts
Scientists using OBIS-like
data
First members of the OBIS Editorial
Board
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Bailly N.
Bouchet P.
Boxshall G. Blum S.
Branton R.
Bucklin A.
Buddemeier R. Costello M.J.
Fautin D.
Froese R.
Grassle J.F. Gordon D.
Holm P.
Myers R.A.
O’Dor R.
Poore G.
Rees T.
Rosenberg G.
Shirayama Y. Starkey D.
Stocks K.
Vanden Berghe E.
Wiley E.
Wilkin J.
Wood J.
2
OBIS data sources
Location records in OBIS
Databases centered on
• Taxonomic group (literature sources)
• Field surveys (benthos, plankton, observations)
• Fishery surveys
Datasets:
• Museum collections
Global
Habitats
Regional
• Seabed, seashores to deep sea 39% datasets
National
• Plankton
17%
Local
• Several habitats
44%
Dataset records
• Fish
• Other vertebrates
• Invertebrates
• Plants
• Many taxa
24%
17%
20%
10%
29%
(from collections, surveys)
A community effort in online publication of primary data
Global surveys
Global collections
Canadian
Museum
Nature
Atlantic Reference Centre (HMSC)
NODC plankton
SAFHOS CPR zoo- phyto- plankton
Southampton
Oceanography
Centre midwater
collections
BioOcean (deep-sea)
Global syntheses (1)
CephBase
ZooGene
Global syntheses (2)
FishBase
SEAMAP – turtle, mammal, bird
HMAP
Historical data
Hexacorallia (anemones +)
MicroBIS
Nematodes, mysids
Mollusca
3
Regional: Antarctic
Regional: NW Atlantic
BIANZO Antarctic benthos
(Belgium)
ECNSAP
SE USA
invertebrate
Collection
AADC seabirds
ACCDC
Weddell seals
AADC seabirds
Heard Island seals
DFO
DFO Atlantic fisheries
Whales
EAISSNA
Regional: NE Atlantic
E Canada benthic
macroinvertebrates
Regional: Pacific
Bishop Museum, Hawaii
Kiel Bay
ArcticSSMB
+ Other local
Arctic datasets
MacroBel
Scheldt Estuary
MedOBIS
Sandbank
meiofauna
NIWA, New Zealand fisheries
Australian museum
collections
National (1)
Birds, invertebrates,
mammals, fish, turtles
TISBE – Belgium +
CSIRO warehouse
BioMar Ireland
Nova Scotia museum
US EPA
National Benthic Inventory
4
National (2)
Habitats?
South Atlantic and Pacific
Pacific
Global habitat synthesis:
Seamounts Online
Gwaii Haanas invertebrates
Sealion base
Gwaii Haanas plants
REVIZEE - benthos
Added value
from data sharing
• Different datasets show different distributions
• Together they show a truer distribution
Data by depth
KGS Mapper maps where
similar environmental
conditions occur ±1 S.D.
< 100 m depth
100 – 1,000 m depth
> 1,000 m depth
OBIS data confirms predictions
Green or shore crab, Carcinus maenas
Invasive species in west North Atlantic and Australia
Fishes
Mammals, birds, reptiles
Birds
Mammals
But no snakes !
May provide good estimate of sampling effort for all taxa
Reptiles
5
Crustaceans
Molluscs
Gastropods
(nudibranchs,
nudibranchs, snails)
Copepods
Cephalopods (squids, octopuses, cuttlefish)
Bivalves (clams+)
Decapods
Amphipods
Worms and microbes
Polychaetes
Numbers of species
Nematodes
Protists
Bacteria
Total
OBIS
Total
world
Vertebrata
13,887
14,272
Nematoda
2,004
4,200
48% round worms
Cnidaria
3,516
7,598
46% anemones+corals+
Annelida
2,594
8,080
32% worms *
Other
629
2,197
29% other
Tunicata
241
1,286
19% tunicates
Crustacea
5,584
30,472
18% crustaceans
Mollusca
5,708
32,813
17% molluscs
Pycnogonida
141
940
15% sea spiders *
Echinodermata
802
6,700
12% echinoderms
Bryozoa
528
5,700
9% mat animals *
Nemertea
115
1,250
9% ribbon worms *
Porifera
310
6,000
5% sponges
0
6,795
0% flatworms *
Platyhelminthes
What are the gaps?
• Geographic
• surface area
• depth
less southern and mid-oceans
less with depth in all oceans
% in
OBIS
97% vertebrates
Future plans
• Use data to demonstrate its value
• Gap analysis of undiscovered oceans
• discover biogeographic patterns and their applications
• Fill taxon and geographic gaps
• Create a World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS)
• Taxonomic
•
only reasonable for vertebrate’s
• Improve metadata at record and dataset level
• Marine “habitat” classification for data exchange
• Focus on data quality and comprehensiveness
• Time
•
less recent and pre-1950
• Above effects additive!
• 1+ location for every marine species
• Completion data fields including metadata
• Improved online tools
• Time visualization,
• new options for querying data and download formats
6
OBIS data table
• Mandatory
• Species names, latitude, longitude, collection
• Optional
• Record url, record level source (citation), time and
date of collection, collector, higher taxon, country
or locality name, depth, temperature, life-stage,
sex, abundance, weight, sample size
Full data schema and guidance on SCOR meeting website
(and on www.iobis.org)
SCOR members role?
• How OBIS deliver services to
ocean data users?
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•
•
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Species distribution data
World Register Marine Species
Taxonomic classification
Habitat classification
• What ocean data users are
interested in species level
biological data?
•
•
•
•
NODC, GOOS,
IMBER, CLIVAR
GLOBEC, LOICZ
IGBP, GEOHAB, SOLAS
OBIS discovery metadata
In ISO, FGDC, GCMD
• Database name
• Citation
• Geographic coverage
• Temporal coverage
• Abstract
• Scientific Contact
• Technical contact
• Website
• Date this form completed
• Publications from this data
Insufficient standards
• Taxonomic coverage
• Habitat coverage
• Collection method
• Data source
• Total distribution records
• Total number of taxa
Working with IODE expert groups
(MEDI, GEBICH) to develop
international standard
What you can do!
• Comment on OBIS website and portal
• May need to modify:
•
•
•
•
data schema
data content
metadata
data export format
• May need new data search
and visualisation tools on
OBIS
• it is as good as you help make it!
• Assist OBIS networking to scientists
• Promote need for OBIS to governments and
funding agencies
• Encourage data publication through OBIS
• new datasets, newly digitised data,
• compliment those who have published online
Thank you !
• To all members OBIS committees
• To persons who enabled publication of datasets
through OBIS
• People who provided feedback on OBIS website
and portal
• Census of Marine Life and its participants
• Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
Imagine !
• Invention of printing
press
• Development
• libraries
• edited science journals
• peer-reviewed science
journals
• Citation index impact on
recognition and careers
• Invention of internet and
world wide web
• Publication
• Data online
• Authoritative websites
• Controlled “libraries”
• Data use index impact on
recognition and careers
[email protected]
7
5 science culture challenges
1. Data sharing part of scientific process in marine
biology
2. Data publication on-line becomes standard practice
3. Quality control for scientific credibility
4. Citation rankings of on-line publications
5. Recognition value on-line publication in
individual’s research performance
8