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1. 8-bit Color - A video card that can display up to 256 colors. 2. 8-bit Sound - The lowest-end sound card. 3. 16-bit Color (or High Color) - A video card that can display up to 65,536 colors. 4. 24-bit Color (or True Color) - A video card that display 16.7 million colors. 5. .au – Unix Audio file format 6. .avi – Stands for Audio Video Interleaved. Windows format for saving video with sound. 7. .bmp – Short for Bitmap. A windows format for storing graphics. 8. .gif – Stands for Graphic Interchange Format. The only format created by international committee. a graphics file format originated by Compuserve 9. .jpg, .jpeg – Stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group. compressed, stillimage graphics files. There are two major types of JPEG - progressive, where a fuzzy images emerges into 100% decompression/clarity, and baseline or standard, where a clear image is revealed, part-wise, top-down. Progressive, or interleaved, decompression looks better over networks. A graphics format capable of representing up to 16.7 million colors that is ideal for complex pictures of natural, real world scenes, including photographs, realist artwork, and paintings. 10. .mid, .midi – Stands for Musical Instrument Digital Interface. Low quality, uncompressed audio file format. Rather than recording sounds, MIDI instruments/software record finger action - what note is being played, when, and for how long. musical data 11. .mov – Short for Movie. QuickTime video file format. Macintosh format for saving video with sound. A CROSS-PLATFORM real-time video and multimedia data format developed by Apple Computer. QuickTime files can include text, sound and video. A cross-platform real-time video and multimedia data format developed by Apple Computer. QuickTime can include text, sound, and video. 12. .mp3 – Stands for MPEG Audio Layer 3. High quality, high compression audio file format. 13. .mpeg - Stands for Moving Picture Experts Group. MPEG (pronounced Mpeg) is the name of a family of standards used for coding audio-visual information (e.g., movies, video, music) in a compressed digital format. The major advantage of MPEG compared to other video and audio coding formats is that MPEG uses very sophisticated compression techniques to create files that are much smaller for the same quality. MPEG-1: “postage stamp” resolution 352X240; MPEG-2: “broadcast quality” resolution, 720X480 w/ CD quality sound; MPEG-3: High Definition Television 14. .png – Stands for Portable Network Graphic. It allows for both up to 8-bit and 8x8x8 palettes, variable transparency, gamma correction, better interlacing and better compression than GIF. It does not, however, allow for animation. 15. .tif, .tiff – Stands for Tagged Image File Format. High quality, uncompressed image file format. Can have very large file sizes. Scanners typically produce these rastor-type images cross-platform file for storing high-quality graphics. 16. .wav – Short for Wave as in sound wave. Uncompressed audio file format. Often used for short sound effects. Windows Audio file format. 17. .wma – Stands for Windows Media Audio. 18. .wmv – Stands for Windows Media Video. 19. Analog - waveforms, with valleys and ridges, referring to the natural form of sound/audio. To store/playback on a computer, analog data is converted to digital data. 20. Animation - making a graphic move; graphic movement; Drawn motion files, either in 2-D or 3-D 21. Anti-aliasing - Process used to remove jagged edges in computerized graphics. 22. Aspect Ratio - the relative horizontal and vertical sizes. When resizing graphics, it is important to maintain the aspect ratio to avoid stretching the graphic out of proportion.; height-X-width proportions of graphics. 23. Audio - sound, either synthesized or digitized, for playback with a computer. 24. Authoring Software - software that allows you to make something unique; programs used to create full, multimedia productions, such as simulations and tutorials. Most require some knowledge of programming language concepts. At the "lower" end, presentation software 25. Bandwidth - the width of the band over which frequencies are transmitted. The bandwidth is the difference between the highest and lowest frequencies. The greater the bandwidth, the greater the carrying capacity. 26. Binary file - a file written in a computer’s native language that can only be read by humans with appropriate software 27. Build Effect - a visual effect that occurs in one scene 28. CD – Short for Compact Disc 29. CD-R (CD -Recordable) Software/hardware needed to create your own CD's 30. CD-ROM - CD Read-Only Memory. 31. CD-RW, CD-ReWritable - an erasable CD 32. CGI (Common Gateway Interface) - server-side programs, running at the request of the client, that typically perform interactive Web actions. All web formprocessing other then simple mailto requires CGI. 33. Client - Any computer connected to a host computer, or the software used to connect to the host. A computer or program requests a service of another computer or program. 34. Client/Server - set of computer applications (programs) in which two or more computers work together. Server(s) store data and programs, which they deliver on request to clients. Part of the processing is done on the client, while the server concentrates on storing and delivering the data to be processed. This interaction between the client and server occurs in the background, so users are typically unaware which computer handles what. 35. CODEC – Stands for COder-DECoder. Any technology for compressing and decompressing data. 36. Color Palette - a selection of available colors; ranging from 16 colors to 16.7 million 37. Compression - Process for reducing file size, often called "zipping" or "archiving". The resulting, compressed file can be from a single, large file or can contain several files that have been squeezed into a single file. The many-to-one compression makes file group identification, copying, and transporting faster and easier. 38. Cookie - A "cookie" is a small piece of information, a virtual "sticky note", sent by a Web server to be stored, by your browser, on your hard drive. The cookie stores information about you and can be retrieved by the Website each time you visit there. Without them, sites would not be able to retain information about individual visits; thus, cookies store "state information." 39. Digital - not physical, exists in a digital world; soft copy; something that exists only in the computer—not physical; process of converting video or audio signals, normally in waveform, into 1's and 0's. This digital format (actually patterns of on's/high-voltage (1's) and off's/low voltage (0's) rather than digits) can be processed by a computer 40. Dithering - blending colors to modify colors or produce new ones. 41. Downlink - transmission of a signal from a satellite to a receiver on Earth. 42. Download - process of transferring a file from system to another. 42b. Dropped Frames - In digital video, when the computer cannot keep pace with the displayed images, it drops frames in an attempt to catch up. 43. DVD - a new standard for recording video on CD-ROM's using MPEG2, thus boasting better-than-broadcast TV quality. Costing about the same as a CD, DVD-ROM's hold 8 to 40 times more data. 44. Frame - one image in a sequence of images; one image out of many in a sequence; a single picture in a computerized "movie" 45. Frame rate - number of images per second displayed in a stream of video. 46. FPS – Stands for Frames Per Second. number of frames that play per second; speed at which you watch a movie; frames per second - the number of picture images displayed per second, giving digital video the illusion of motion. 30 fps considered to be TV quality 47. Full-motion video - digital video running at 30 fps; Full-motion video, with no dropped frames, is considered 30 fps; 30 fps (see above) is considered fullmotion, television-quality video. 48. Graphics - Images are typically vector (object-oriented) or bitmap (rastor). 49. Graphics, bitmap - images are laid out in pixels, much like dots of paint on a canvas. As such, bitmap objects are not independent entities, which can be singled out for manipulation, but patterned series of dots. To enlarge (or reduce) bitmap images, the number of pixels is increased (decreased), often giving the resulting image a jagged appearance. File formats include: GIF, PCX, TIF, BMP, JPG. 50. Graphics, vector - Graphics consisting of objects, each of which can be separately manipulated - e.g. sized, moved, (un)grouped, positioned to the back/front. The graphic components are calculated, hence can be sized without distortion. File formats include: EPS, PIC, DRW, WMF. 51. Graphical User Interface (GUI) - A computer interface using point-and-click mouse actions (rather than the keyboard exclusively) and pictures (rather than text exclusively). Windows, Macintosh, Netscape and Mosaic are examples of GUI products. 52. HDTV - High Definition Television. Because of the larger picture size (16-by-9 display ratio for HDTV versus 4-by-3 for regular TV) and more horizontal picture lines, HDTV will have a higher quality display than conventional TV. Also, HDTV has cd-quality sound and involves digital transmission instead of analog 53. Hypermedia - "hypertext" with links not only to text, but also to other forms of media - sounds, graphics, movies/video, animation. 54. Key frame - a "complete" video frame, containing all the image detail, not just the changes from the previous frame. 55. Layout - design or outline. The arrangement; location of elements in a work area or in a product; the arrangement of objects in a publication; the design and location of elements in a body of work 56. Luminance - a color's brightness. 57. Pixels - PICture ELements = Pixel. The tiny dots comprising a picture. Look closely at your TV to see pixeled images. 58. Polyphony - the total number of sounds a sound card can reproduce at the same time. A 32-note card can play 32 notes at a time. 59. Resolution - the clarity of the displayed/printed image. The more pixels/dots per square inch (dpi), the finer the detail (higher resolution). 60. Resources - the materials, tools, information, and time needed to complete a project (to create a finished product) 61. Sampling - When coverting video or audio waves to digital format, digitizing software picks out points along the wave and records or "snapshots" these points. These "snapshots" can then be replayed in much the same way that motion pictures are recreated from the individual frames. The higher the sampling rate, i.e. the more snapshots/points, per unit time, the more accurate the computer's representation of the wave. 62. Screen saver - a visual program using moving graphics to prevent image burn-in on older monitors. Newer monitors no longer need this protection 63. Server also Host - A computer that acts as a file server. Users at remote computers (i.e. client computers) are allowed to access information that's stored on the server, or host computer. 64. Skew – distorting a graphic by stretching either the height or the width without regard to the other 65. Storyboarding - planning a project by separating and drawing out the events; the planning out of a project or report in separate frames; planning a project by separating & drawing out into frames or moments 66. Streaming Audio/video - capability to begin playing media onthe client side before it has fully downloaded from the server side, i.e. begins playing as it is coming in, " in real-time." 67. Synchronous - communication/interaction in real time 68. Synthesized - sounds created by computer circuitry. 69. SVGA (Super-VGA) - video monitor/card supporting 640x480 resolution (or greater) with 256 colors or more. 70. Target Audience - The age or social group that a product will be viewed by or created for 71. Teleconference - a phone meeting where callers can both see and hear each other. 72. Text-to-Speech - voice synthesizers that "read" computer text. First used to read screens for blind computer users 73. Theme Continuity - constant use of a style or color throughout a project; consistency of an idea, theme, concept, or style throughout a project; a constant use of a style, theme, or color throughout a project 74. Time Management - managing your time wisely; making the most of the time you have available; planning before preceding; not wasting time 75. Transition - change from one place or style to another; movement change between two different objects; slides, scenes, etc.; passing or changing from one slide to another 76. Voice recognition - software which recognizes spoken commands. Most software has to be individually trained for each voice, making its general usage limited. 77. Web Cast – As broadcast is to TV, a web cast is to the internet. This technology publishes/broadcasts personalized information to subscribers. Then, instead of using bookmarks and search engines to pull down information, users would run a client application that gets updated with data that is "pushed" down by a server. AKA Push Web tech or "channel-casting"