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Anatomy & Physiology
Skeletal System
Content Mastery I
Name____________________
Fill-in-the-Blank: Use the terms in the word bank below to fill in the blanks in the statements below. All terms are used, and they
may be used more than once.
206
cells
closely
diaphysis
fibrous connective tissue
ligaments
mitosis
nerve tissue
osteoporosis
sickle-cell disease
spongy
ulna
blood
cancellous
clotting
endochondral
flat
long
monocytes
olecrenon
parathyroid
skull
sternum
vertebrae
calcium
cartilage
collagen
epiphyseal disk
inorganic salts
marrow
muscle
osteoblasts
periosteum
small intestine
tendons
zygomatic
callus
cartilaginous
compact
estrogen
intramembranous
medullary cavity
nerve impulses
osteoclasts
sesamoid
speed
transverse
1. The kind of tissues that make up bones are _______________, _______________, _______________, and
_______________.
2. A bone with a long longitudinal axis and expanded ends is classified as a(n) _______________ bone.
3. The ribs and the _______________ are examples of _______________ bones.
4. The shaft of a long bone is called the _______________.
5. The _______________ plays an important role in bone formation and repair, and its fibers are continuous with the
fibers of _______________ and _______________.
6. The function of a bony processes, like the _______________ process of the _______________, the _______________
processes of the _______________, or the _______________ process of the temporal bone, is to provide sites of
attachment for _______________ and _______________.
7. Tightly packed bone tissue is called _______________ bone.
8. Bone that consists of numerous bony bars and plates separated by irregular spaces is called _______________ bone.
9. The _______________ is the hollow chamber in the center of the shaft of a _______________ bone, and it is filled
with _______________.
10. The intercellular material of a bone is made up of _______________ and _______________.
11. _______________ is characterized by severe bone pain caused by abnormally-shaped red _______________ cells
that obstruct circulation.
12. Bones that develop from layers of membranous connective tissue are called _______________ bones.
13. Bones that develop from layers of hyaline cartilage are called _______________ bones.
14. The band of _______________ between the primary and secondary ossification centers in long bones is called the
_______________.
15. The primary ossification center in a long bone is found at the center of the _______________.
16. Cells undergoing _______________ during bone growth are found in layer two of the cartilaginous cells of the
epiphyseal disk.
17. _______________ are large bone cells which arise from the fusion of _______________.
18. _______________ are bone cells which break bone down by removing _______________ from the
_______________ cells to allow _______________ to invade the region to build up bone.
19. _______________ and _______________ remodel bone throughout life as _______________ resorb bone tissue
and _______________ replace bone tissue.
20. Vitamin D affects bone development and repair by allowing for the absorption of _______________ in the
_______________.
21. The mass of fibrocartilage that fills the gap between two ends of a broken bone in the early stages of healing is
called a(n) _______________ _______________.
22. The _______________ at which a fractured bone heals is dependent, in part, on how _______________ the
fractured parts lie in relation to one another.
23. Bones function to give shape and support to the body, protect the soft tissues of the body, house the tissues that
produce _______________ _______________, and store fat and _______________.
24. _______________ cell formation in the developing embryo takes place in the yolk sac.
25. Yellow _______________ lies within the _______________ inside the shaft of a(n) _______________ bone, while
red _______________ lies within the epiphyses in amongst the _______________ bone.
26. In an adult, the _______________ in which blood cell formation takes place is found primarily in the _____________
and the _______________.
27. _______________ is required in the process of _______________ _______________, the conduction of
_______________, and _______________ cell contraction.
28. _______________ hormone stimulates _______________ to break down bone tissue.
29. _______________ is most common in elderly women and is characterized by the loss of mineral content from bone.
30. Decreased amounts of the hormone _______________ are associated with the development of _______________,
especially among elderly women.
31. The human skeleton usually is made up of _______________ bones.
32. _______________ bones develop within _______________ in order to reduce friction as _______________ slide
over bony prominences.