Download large animal nutrition

Nutrition of Livestock
Livestock are domesticated animals raised in an agricultural setting to produce
commodities such as food, fiber and labor.
These animals are different than dogs and cats. Their digestive
system works differently and their nutritional needs are
specific.
Forages:
• Also know as roughages, consist of grasses, grains.
• Provide plant based protein, carbs, minerals and vitamins,
high in fiber.
• Obtained by grazing
Concentrates:
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High energy, not needed unless roughage is poor quality
Includes grains, corn, oats, wheat, rice.
Contains 50% to 100% more energy
Easily digestible
Given to growing and lactating animals or animals that have
a higher energy requirement
Supplements:
• Given when additional nutrients are needed.
Many grazing areas are deficient in vitamins or minerals. Calcium and Phosphorus
can be added to a salt lick and provided free choice.
Water is the most important nutrient.
Must make sure that clean fresh water is available at all times.
Lactation animals have an increase in water needs.
Proper nutrition helps to prevent disease.
The immune system requires proper nutrition to function
properly.
High energy/high protein feeds should be fed to young, growing
animals.
These feeds should also be fed to breeding animals.
Cold weather causes the body to use more energy. High
energy supplements may be needed.
Roughage is very important in the equine diet to prevent GI
disturbances such as colic and non GI disorders such as
founder (laminitis).
What determines the type and amount of the diet to be
fed?
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Age
Gestation
Lactation
Activity level.