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What are the two kinds of digestion? 1 Which layer of the digestive tube contains lots of elastic fibers, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels? 2 The hepatic portal system has two distinct capillary beds separated by a portal vein. The functions of these two capillary beds are what? 3 What structure flaps over the glottis when we swallow food? 4 Which vitamin requires intrinsic factor in order to be absorbed? 5 What are the three main characteristic of the large intestine? 6 What are the four main characteristics of the small intestine? 7 Where does food first encounter protein-splitting enzymes? 8 What is the function of the gallbladder? 9 When the acidic contents of the stomach enter the normally alkaline duodenum, what hormone is released that causes the pancreas to secrete bicarbonate? 10 What is the semi-fluid paste called that is a result of the food in the stomach being repeatedly squeezed and mixed with gastric juice? 11 What are four characteristics of the duodenum? 12 What are the five the primary functions of the stomach? Does it dehydrate food materials before passing them to the small intestine? Does it store food for later use in the form of fat? 13 What is the terminal portion of the small intestine called? 14 Which layer of the digestive tract is responsible for the peristaltic waves that propel materials from one portion to another? 15 Of the basic digestive processes, the one in which nutrients enter capillaries is called what? 16 What is the only role of the levator ani muscle in defecation? 17 What is the correct sequence of layers in the wall of the alimentary canal, from internal to external? 18 What is the digestive organ primarily responsible for the absorption of water? 19 Why are bacteria are abundant in the large intestines, but not in the small intestines or the stomach? 20 What is the only function of the greater omentum? 21 The epithelium that lines the stomach and intestines is simple columnar. What are the basic functions of this epithelium? 22 Digestion of what food type would be affected the most if the bile—secreting liver were severely damaged? 23 What are three functions of the liver? Does it produce digestive enzymes? 24 What cells secrete hydrochloric acid and digestive enzymes which kill bacteria in the stomach? What cells secrete an enzyme to digest protein? What is the function of all the goblet cells in the stomach? 25 Which cells secrete digestive enzymes in the pancreas? Which region of the pancreas secretes insulin? 26