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Eight Key Points to Palmer Amaranth and Waterhemp Identification Leaf blade watermark Appearance of weed seeds Small dark brown-black seeds like other pigweed species (NM State Univ. and WNMU). Lack of hairs Occasional dark red/purple or white water or āVā mark or patch on leaf blade of Palmer amaranth (Penn State). Leaf tip hair Both Palmer amaranth (left) and waterhemp lack hairs on the stem, petioles, and leaves compared to redroot (right) or smooth (Purdue Univ.). Leaf shape Seedling leaves of Palmer amaranth are broad ovate or egg-shaped vs. more narrow lanceolate-shaped leaves of waterhemp. Like other pigweeds, young leaves with notched tip. (Univ. Illinois). Palmer amaranth leaves can sometimes have a single short hair at the tip of the leaf blade. (Univ. Illinois). Petiole length bottom (University of Illinois and Purdue University). Floral structures Palmer amaranth flower head has prickly larger female and soft more narrow male on separate plants (Penn State) Palmer amaranth petiole is often longer than the leaf blade. (Purdue Univ. top and Penn State bottom). Waterhemp petiole not longer than leaf blade. General appearance Female flower heads of Palmer amaranth bottom and waterhemp top (Iowa State). Starting on the left; inflorescences of Palmer, Powell, redroot, smooth, and waterhemp. (A. Hager, University of Illinois) Whorled or poinsettia type appearance of Palmer (top) and long lanceolate leaves and waxy leaf surface of waterhemp at Page 2 Eight Key Points to Palmer Amaranth and Waterhemp Identification Contact Information William S. Curran Professor of Weed Science [email protected] 814-863-1014 Penn State College of Agricultural Sciences research and extension programs are funded in part by Pennsylvania counties, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Where trade names appear, no discrimination is intended, and no endorsement by Penn State Extension is implied. This publication is available in alternative media on request. Penn State is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer, and is committed to providing employment opportunities to all qualified applicants without regard to race, color, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, national origin, disability or protected veteran status. © The Pennsylvania State University 2017 Page 3 Eight Key Points to Palmer Amaranth and Waterhemp Identification