Download The Cold War - Tamalpais Union High School District

Think about the term “Frenemies” (Friends
who are enemies….enemies who are
friends)
Have you ever had a “frenemy?”
Have you ever had to work with someone
toward a common goal, but did not get
along with, like or agree with them?
For example….a group
project….a sports team…OR
Fighting WWII??
Today we will examine how the
US and USSR go from
“Frenemies” fighting the Nazis
to real live enemies in what
became known as
THE COLD WAR
The conflict between these two
superpowers would impact the
whole world.
New Unit Calendar!
HW #1: DUE
Assignment #1: Cold War Origins
1947-1991
Key Question: Why was there so much tension
between the US and the Soviet Union?
1. Competing ideologies
USA
USSR
Ideology
Capitalism
Democracy
Individualism
Ideology
Communism
Dictatorship
Collectivism
Post WWII Aims
Post WWII Aims
• Reparations
• Buffer States
• Encourage
Communism
• Keep Germany
divided
vs.
Economic Recovery –
new markets for US
goods
Protect Democracy
A stable Germany
2. World War II bitterness
Differing goals of US and USSR
-- 1945: Meeting of allied powers at Yalta
and Potsdam
-- As the Russians moved East to defeat
the Nazis, they occupied Eastern
Europe.
Will Stalin allow free elections in the
regions occupied by the Soviet Union?
Churchill, Roosevelt, Stalin at Yalta
NOPE.
Soviets
Establish a
buffer and
satellite states
WHY?
Cartoon Reflection #1
The “Iron Curtain”
DIVISION BETWEEN DEMOCRATIC WESTERN
EUROPE AND COMMUNIST EASTERN EUROPE
A. Distrust, Paranoia & Propaganda grow on both sides of Cold War
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=34IeRgb_-CE 1-11
Cartoon Reflection #2
B. Policy of CONTAINMENT
- Marshall Plan – money for Western
Europe
- Truman Doctrine – US intervention in
- nations fighting communism
Cartoon Reflection #3
(Economic Strategy)
The Marshall Plan, 1948
 Post-war European aid (food, $,
infrastructure, etc.)  WHY?
Amount of aid received
 (Military Strategy)
The Truman Doctrine, 1947
-US will support countries that
reject communism
C. Early
Cold War
Conflicts
over
Germany
Germany was divided into
Allied and Soviet spheres, and the
capital Berlin was also divided,
with capitalist West Berlin deep
within Soviet zone.
UK
US
France
USSR
C. The Berlin Blockade
 US and other allies
withdraw from
occupation zones to
form one nation
(West Germany)
 Stalin blocks supplies
from westerncontrolled Berlin
 Berlin airlift (11
months)
 Soviets give up
Berlin Blockade
The Berlin Airlift
D. The Berlin Wall Goes Up (1961)
Checkpoint
Charlie
Cold War
power struggle
starts in Europe, but
spreads and leads to
1st, 2nd & 3rd Word
mindset:
Those aligned with US
(1st World)
Those aligned with
Soviet Union (2nd World)
Those not aligned yet
(includes many new
nations recently given
independence)
Fear of “getting behind” opponent leads to
competition between US & USSR in many areas
from Nuclear Weapons to Space Exploration to
Olympic Sports (and others)
E. New Military Alliances!
 NATO: North Atlantic Treaty
Organization
 The Warsaw Pact
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (1949)
 United States
 Belgium
 Britain
 Canada
 Denmark
 Luxemburg
 Netherlands
 Norway
 Portugal
 France
 1952: Greece &
Turkey
 Iceland
 1955: West Germany
 Italy
 1983: Spain
Warsaw Pact (1955)
}
U. S. S. R.
}
East Germany
}
Albania
}
Hungary
}
Bulgaria
}
Poland
}
Czechoslovakia
}
Romania
Cold War in the skies
Science and technology play a
huge role in the Cold War as the
Soviets come out with the first
satellite: Sputnik.
- Why would both governments
pour money into science and
technology?
Both countries put money into developing high tech
spying technology (see U-2 incident in your HW)
ARMS RACE
The US and USSR build up
bigger and badder nuclear
weapons
Brinkmanship – willingness to
go to the “brink” of war
Cartoon Reflection #4
How the CW was fought
Foreign Aid
Spying
Multinational Alliances
Propaganda
Brinkmanship – the arms
race
“Surrogate Wars”
Assignment #2: Cold War Visual
“Pictionary”
You will be assigned a key term from the lecture that
illustrates people, events or ideas relating to an aspect of the
early Cold War.
Draw a quick visual (drawing, cartoon) that illustrates the
concept of the term. Include a brief written explanation or
caption that explains why this event or idea was important to
increasing tension and conflict between the US and USSR
on the other side of your paper
Demonstrating a creative understanding of the concepts is
more important than artistic ability