Download Industrial Revolution

INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
RAILWAY
FAMILY LIFE
WOMEN’S RIGHTS
The Industrial Revolution
• Main influences (money, labour, demand,
power, transport, food, machines)
- “mass production”- beginning
- fuel problem (less wood- coal- iron)
- Image: iron & coal production
• A Watt steam engine. The steam engine,
fueled primarily by coal, propelled the
Industrial Revolution in Britain and the world
• inventions and increased production
(cotton/wool/ china goods)
Social Effects of the Industrial
Revolution
- workers joining (fair wages- better
conditions)
A young "drawer" pulling a coal tub along a mine gallery.[80] In
Britain laws passed in 1842 and 1844 improved working
conditions in mines
• Over London by Rail Gustave Doré c. 1870.
Shows the densely populated and polluted
environments created in the new industrial
cities
• (19th c.) Britain
- Most powerful – ‘workshop’ of the worldfactories producing more than any country in
the world
- The Great Exhibition of Industries (1851)
inside the Crystal Palace
- Queen Victoria
- Aim (show world greatness of
Britain’s industry)
Why was Britain industrially strong
1- Enough natural resources: coal/iron/steel for
production & exporting (production of new
heavy industrial goods-machinery)
-exporting (e.g. cloth)
2-strong banking system
Images: The Iron Bridge, Shropshire, England
The Railway
• Best example of Britain’s Industrial power (19th c.)
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Six million could visit the Great Exhibition in London
At first to transport goods (cost/speed)
Then passenger trains (government/fare/quickly)
Poor conditions improved (prices fell/wages
doubled/better food/gas)
– Two education acts
• Children schooling (13)
• Redbrick universities (distinguish/industrial cities/science
and technology)
• Railway use for travel and pleasure
• Bicycle invention
• The right to personal freedom (Capitalism)
Red brick Universities
• Universities of Liverpool & Sheiffield
Painting depicting the opening of the Liverpool and
Manchester Railway in 1830, the first inter-city railway
in the world and which spawned Railway Mania due to
its success
Development of Railways
Family Life in 19th c. Britain
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Growth of affection
Idea of the close family
Privacy and individualism
Marriage for personal happiness
Family under the ‘master’/no equality
Women feeling useless when children grew up
Happy family life reduced in 19th c. (strict
parenting/beating/boarding schools/wife as
man’s property)
The Rights of Women
• (19th c.) Women as legal property –impossible to get a
divorce- had to give up property upon marriage
• Wife beating
• Women’s colleges - no degrees
• ‘Suffragettes’- the right to vote
• (20th c.) The War changed everything (factories-voting
age)
• Liberation of women took many forms (clothescosmetics- smoke and drink- hair)
• Protests against violence, pay and work
• Growth of number of working women
Suffragette Images
• Suffragette Symbol
• Suffragists marching in New York, 1915
• A British suffragette, c. 1910