Download The Trojan War Judgment of Paris Eris was angered because she

The Trojan War
Judgment of Paris
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Eris was angered because she was not invited to the wedding of Thetis and King Peleus
She threw an apple into the wedding labeled “to the fairest”
Hera, Athena, and Aphrodite all wanted to be called to the fairest
Zeus refused to answer and instead sent the goddesses to Paris
Paris was King Priam of Troy’s son.
It was said he would bring about the downfall of Troy so he was herding sheep instead of
being with his father.
The three goddesses offered a bribe to Paris.
Athena-Troy would be victorious in war
Hera-Lord of Europe and Asia-land
Aphrodite-the hand of the most beautiful woman on earth (mortal)
Paris being weak chose Aphrodite’s bribe
***This is the cause of the Trojan War
The Oath
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Helen’s parents were Zeus and Leda
Her reputed father Tyndareus—he had to select a man from all of Helen’s suitors
He made them take an oath first
Protect whoever I choose as Helen’s husband and support him if anything happens to him
or Helen
Tyndareus chooses Meneleus as Helen’s husband
Paris goes to Greece to visit Meneleus and Helen
Paris is treated with hospitality
Meneleus leaves for Crete and when he does Paris takes Helen back to Troy
Greeks are going to Troy to get Helen back
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All men are ready except for Odysseus and Achilles
Odysseus doesn’t want to leave his wife and child for some “romantic adventure
overseas”
He is cunning and shrewd and pretendS to be crazy
When the messenger comes he is plowing his field with salt instead of seed
The messenger places Odysseus’ son in front of the plow-if he runs him over then he
must be crazy
Odysseus avoids his son and the messenger finds he is sane—Odysseus will fight in the
war
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Achilles’ mother sends him to the court of King Lycomedes dressed as a woman
Odysseus is sent to retrieve Achilles and brings with him a bag of things for the
maidens—ornaments for a woman and weapons
Achilles goes to the weapons and is found out
With little encouragement he agrees to fight in the war
Greeks are ready to go
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Meet at Aulis
The winds will not subside—1,000 ships waiting to go
The Greeks angered Artemis
Have to sacrifice Agamemnon’s daughter to appease Artemis
Rather than lose his position in the army or his reputation Agamemnon allows his
daughter to be sacrificed
The War
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The war lasts for 9 years
Apollo’s priest’s daughter, Chryseis was taken by Agamemnon as a war prize
Apollo becomes angry and many Greeks are dying
Achilles forces Agamemnon to give back Chryseis and he does
As a result, Agamemnon sent two men to Achilles to take his war prize Briseis
Achilles is angry and refused to fight
Thetis, Achilles’ mother agreed that Achilles should not fight and goes to Zeus to ask
him to help the Trojans
Zeus sent a dream to Agamemnon encouraging him to fight without Achilles.
The Greeks attack and the war is going in the Trojans favor
Until Meneleus and Paris face off—Paris runs before Meneleus can kill him
A truce is declared
Pandarus, a Trojan breaks the truce-he shoots an arrow at Meneleus injuring him
BATTLE WAS ON
The war goes back and forth for some time
Ajax tried to kill Hector but is unsuccessful
Patroclus
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Finally, Achilles’s friend Patroclus goes to him and asks for his armor
If you are not going to fight let me lead your men, the Myrmidons into battle
This will help energize the army
Achilles agrees; he is still not fighting
Hector and Patroclus face off and Hector kills Patroclus and takes Achilles armor
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“I who did not help my comrade in his sore need. I will kill the destroyer of him I love;
then I will accept death when it comes.”-Achilles
Thetis brings Achilles armor made by Hephaestus himself
Achilles faces Hector
Foreshadowing—Hector says let whoever is killed be returned to his people
Athena helps Achilles—kills Hector
Achilles strips him of his armor
Fastens Hector’s body to the back of a chariot and drags Hector’s body all around
King Priam goes to Achilles to ask for his son’s body back
Achilles felt grief at Priam’s request and had his men wash, anoint, and cover Hector’s
body with a soft cloth to be returned to Priam
9 days of mourning followed
Achilles death
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Prince Memnon of Ethiopia came and Troy was winning-due to numbers
Achilles killed Memnon-this was Achilles last battle
Paris shot an arrow that Apollo guided into the heel of Achilles
Thetis had tried to make Achilles invincible by dipping him into the River Styx when
he was an infant-she was careless and missed his heel
Ajax carried his body back while Odysseus held the Trojans back
Odysseus was granted Achilles armor—this was a great honor
Ajax lost the competition for the armor and was disgraced/dishonored
Ajax intended on killing Agamemnon and Meneleus but Athena sent him madness
and he slaughtered animals instead
When he realized what he had done, he killed himself
Ajax could not be buried because of the suicide
Trojan Horse
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Odysseus captured the prophet Helenus—she told him to fight with the bow and arrow of
Hercules
Odysseus went to find Prince Philoctetes who they left on an island on their way to Troy
Odysseus pleaded with him to give him the bow and arrow and brought him back to Troy
to be healed and fight
Philoctetes killed Paris
Odysseus and Diomedes took the image of Pallas Athena called Pallaldium from the
Trojans—until this was taken the Trojans would continue to win
Odysseus came up with the idea of the wooden horse-hollow with men inside
Odysseus and men go inside the horse—other men sail off and hide at a nearby island
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Sinon, a Greek, was left to tell the tale and make the Trojans take the horse into the city
Sinon pled with Priam and told him that Athena was angry and he was going to be
sacrificed but escaped—Priam bought it
**False cunning won the war
Lacoon- “I fear the Greeks even when they bear gifts”—he didn’t want the horse
Poseidon intervened and sent two serpent to kill Lacoon
No one questioned the horse now
The wooden horse was brought inside the walls of Troy and overnight the Greek men
came out—stormed the palace
Achilles’ son struck down Priam in front of his wife and daughters
Aphrodite helped her son Aeneas escape and got Helen to Meneleus
Hector’s wife Andromache was forced to hand over his son to be killed
This was Troy’s last sacrifice
TROY WAS DEFEATED