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Astronomy: From planets to the Universe Lets start with our Solar System Our solar system • The sun is a very ordinary star among thousands of millions of other stars in the Milky Way galaxy. • It has a planetary system made up of planets, dwarf planets, moons, asteroids, comets and other material left over after its formation. Planets in our solar system: • Mercury • Venus • Earth • Mars • Jupiter • Saturn • Uranus • Neptune Solar system • What do you think is incorrect about this representation of the solar system? • They are misleading as they do not show the relative sizes of our sun and the planets or the vast distances between them. Task : Constructing a model. • To appreciate the relative size of the sun and the planets we shall make a model. • Using the items suggested on the chart, arrange them in the correct order and make labels for them. Body Diameter Distance to scale Distance to Suggested from one object scale of object to next / m object to sun /m Sun 240 10 - Basketball Mercury 0.8 9 10 Pinhead Venus 2 7 19 Peppercorn Earth 2.1 13 26 Peppercorn Mars Jupiter 1.1 24 95 112 39 134 Pinhead Grape Saturn 20 249 246 Marble Uranus 8 281 493 Dried pea Neptune 7.8 244 774 Dried pea • Now that we have represented the solar system, we must try and understand the scale . • Calculate the approximate scale if: • If the earth is 12,724 km wide and in this model it is 2.1 mm • The sun is 1,391,900 km in diameter whereas the basketball is only 240 mm in diameter. • The scale is approximately 1: 6,000,000. • This means that 1 m will represent about 6,000,000 km. ( every cm represents 60,000 km) • To demonstrate this effectively we shall go outside and use a trundle wheel to space out the distances between the planets.