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INURR 6th Workshop on EU-Asia Relations in Global Politics Taipei | Taiwan The Global Actors of Pingdi’s International Low Carbon City: The analysis of their Influences on the planning process Ali Cheshmehzangi, May Tan-Mullins and Linjun Xie Associate Professor of Architecture and Urban Design, Founder/Director of INURR Department of Architecture and Built Environment The University of Nottingham Ningbo China | 宁波诺丁汉大学 CITIES Sustainable City Green- 3% of the global land surface +75% of the overall energy consumption +50% of the global waste production 80% Eco- Low CarbonResilient- of the global GDP. Source: UNEP, 2012 Smart- Notion of Low-Carbon City I believe it is one of the outputs of SUSTAINABLE CITY …and a more realistic approach than the so-called ZERO CARBON CITY! Low carbon city concept mainly focus on three aspects: 1) low carbon energy and low carbon idea, 2) low carbon governance and low carbon planning, 3) low carbon production and low carbon consumption. “We will make our skies blue again” City Branding Notion of Low-Carbon City low-carbon economy (LCE) low-fossil-fuel economy (LFFE) or Decarbonised economy Low Carbon Cities in China $1 trillion in investment is needed over the next five years to build low-carbon cities in China [according to news in June 2016] Ma Jun, who chairs the Green Finance Committee, China Society for Banking and Finance, and supported the research, said: “Greening of buildings, transportation and energy will be crucial as these sectors are the main sources of urban emissions.” Low Carbon Cities in China One of the main driving forces for sustainable development Shenzhen’s Model of ILCC Pingdi’s/Shenzhen’s International Low Carbon City Shenzhen’s Model of ILCC Pingdi’s/Shenzhen’s International Low Carbon City 1) ‘Development’ Phase; 2) ‘Pilot Scale Test’ Phase; 3) ‘Promotion’ Phase Shenzhen’s Model of ILCC Pingdi’s/Shenzhen’s International Low Carbon City Gathering Demonstration Export Shenzhen’s Model of ILCC MANAGEMENT MECHANISM Management Mechanism of “A+1+2+N”for ILCC: GLOBAL ACTORS A+1+2+N “A” is to set up a national-level of “Shenzhen International Low-carbon City Guidance Commission of China”, which is directed by NDRC with the members from related ministries and main leaders from Shenzhen Municipal government. “1” is Shenzhen International Low-carbon City Planning and Development Office (Low-carbon Office), an organization from Shenzhen municipal government. ? “2” refers to Longgang District Government of Shenzhen and Shenzhen SEZ Construction & Development Group. “N” refers to the enterprises or organizations based in Low-carbon city. NATIONAL PROVINCIAL MUNICIPAL DISTRICT ENTERPRISES Shenzhen’s Model of ILCC The Story The proposal of ILCC planning is mainly based on the slogan of: “Limit Investment, Fast Achievement” Initially known to many as the Sino-Dutch Low Carbon City Sino-Dutch Low Carbon City 2012 Agreement: China+EU Sino-European Low Carbon City But then new actors joined New NON-EUROPEANs INTERNATIONAL Low Carbon City hence: ILCC Shenzhen’s Model of ILCC The Story 1. The Dutch 2. France/Germany/Italy 3. US (with an early and visible presence) 4. Australia Shenzhen’s Model of ILCC The summary of ILCC’s actors’ involvement Global Actors Policy and Knowledge Research Physical Planning Process Transfer Collaboration Development -- -- Low Medium Medium France medium High High -- -- Germany medium Low -- High Medium Italy medium -- -- The -- High High Low -- Medium High Medium Low Australia Netherlands The US Investment -- (high at first) -- Shenzhen’s Model of ILCC The summary of ILCC’s actors’ involvement International/ Level of involvement and timeframe Level of Influence/expected influence in Global Actors of involvement at early, mid and multiple stages of ILCC development later stages LOW MEDIUM HIGH Gathering Demonstration Export Australia Later stage - - x x - France Mid stage - - x x - Germany - Mid stage - - x x Italy - Mid stage - - x x The Netherlands - - Early stage x x x The US - - Early stage x x x Shenzhen’s Model of ILCC For Pingdi ILCC project, three aspects of ‘Technology’, ‘Policy’, and ‘Market’ remain central to its low carbon agenda. The mapping study of these actors demonstrates the effectiveness of the project’s gathering vision; i.e. gathering the knowledge and collaborations to develop the next phases of the project. Our up-to-date reviews and results from the current status of the project demonstrate a positive move towards most of these projects; at least at the construction phase and planning of new zones and demonstration areas in the phase one of the ILCC project. Shenzhen’s Model of ILCC WHAT NEXT? The role of EU-CHINA? The role of EU in CHINA? The role of EU <--> CHINA? The role of EU (not UK)-CHINA? The role of EU (new USA)-CHINA? What will happen? Thank You 谢谢 – Danke! [email protected] The University of Nottingham Ningbo China