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Open oceans science in the GEF Chris O’Brien FAO GEF International Waters Science Conference 2012 Bangkok, Thailand – 24 to 26 September 2012 5 Open ocean 200 m Wikipedia 10,000 m Open ocean: a history of open access and multiple threats Ocean fertilization Maritime shipping Plastics in the food chain Physical and chemical changes in ocean waters Marine debris and pollution IUU Fishing Overfishing of highly migratory species Extraction of hydrocarbons and mineral exploration Rachael Koch IMO IMO Open ocean science NOAA Open ocean science • • • • • • Oceanography Climate Fisheries Seabed mining Biodiversity Ecosystem research NOAA The GEF open ocean science activities: • are few • answer governance questions • support other initiatives GEF open ocean science activities: • species inventories • modelling ecosystems • oceanography • productivity The open ocean science activities: Global sustainable fisheries management and biodiversity conservation in the areas beyond national jurisdiction • basic ecological and biological data collection (incl bycatch) • risk assessments of critical habitats • technological development of electronic compliance techniques and bycatch mitigation • social and economic analyses The open ocean science activities: Nothing is ‘off the table’ (if it answers a management question) The open ocean science activities: Nothing is ‘off the table’ (if it answers a management question) but high cost of ocean research and long term commitments may limit GEF participation IW Science Instructions: • Give a synthesis of the science • Best practice examples • Reflect on portfolio performance and highlight key persistent and emerging issues IW Science Instructions: key persistent and emerging issues • climate change, acidification and atmospheric change • life history, ecology and conservation of transboundary stocks • multiple stressors, tipping points and resilience of coupled social ecological systems. Emerging issues Its not about the type of the science ! Its about dry issues: • ensure the ProDoc and TDAs science is comprehensive and interpreted correctly (scientific rigour) • better coordinate and integrate the scientific activities of the different agencies involved • improve the communication of scientific outputs to policymakers and managers • Ensure essential information is collected analysed and used (ocean indicators) Emerging issues • Adjust administration to encourage: focal area funds to be combined Contracts with ‘other’ bodies support to agencies that undertake the required/desired programmes of work beneficiaries to fund indicators science as part of their cofinancing Major science needs: • improving understanding of critical natural processes • effective governance IMO Rachael Koch