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COMORBIDITY 2006 <875> Database Ovid MEDLINE(R) In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Ovid MEDLINE(R) Unique Identifier 17172006 Status MEDLINE Authors Daini S. Tonioni F. Barra A. Lai C. Lacerenza R. Sgambato A. Bria P. Cittadini A. Authors Full Name Daini, S. Tonioni, F. Barra, A. Lai, C. Lacerenza, R. Sgambato, A. Bria, P. Cittadini, A. Institution Istituto di Psichiatria e Psicologia, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy. [email protected] Title Serum magnesium profile in heroin addicts: according to psychiatric comorbidity. Source Magnesium Research. 19(3):162-6, 2006 Sep. Journal Name Magnesium Research Country of Publication England Abstract Psychiatric comorbidity in heroin addiction can modify both the biological pattern and clinical course of this disorder. Because of the role of magnesium in neurotransmission and its specific patterns in some psychiatric conditions, such as depression and schizophrenia, we studied a sample of heroin dependent subjects, with and without psychiatric comorbidity. A sample of 162 drug addicts (123 men and 39 women, mean age 32.3 +/- 6.7) was diagnosed for the presence of psychiatric comorbidity with DSM IV criteria. They were subsequently divided in 4 subgroups: No comorbidity, Anxiety Disorders, Mood Disorders, Personality Disorders. Differences in serum magnesium level between the groups were analysed with the Anova method, with age as covariate. Results show that serum Mg++ levels are significantly higher in patients with heroin dependence and personality disorders compared to patients with depression comorbidity and without comorbidity. Psychiatric codiagnosis significantly modifies Mg++ levels in this drug dependent sample. Gender modifies Mg levels in no comorbid subjects so that females show significantly lower Mg++ levels compared to males. The presence of psychiatric comorbidity abates this difference. ISSN Print 0953-1424 Publication Type Journal Article. Date of Publication 2006 Sep Year of Publication 2006 Issue/Part 3 Volume 19 Page 162-6 COMORBIDITY 2006 <892> Database Ovid MEDLINE(R) In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Ovid MEDLINE(R) Unique Identifier 16965639 Status MEDLINE Authors Kertesz SG. Madan A. Wallace D. Schumacher JE. Milby JB. Authors Full Name Kertesz, Stefan G. Madan, Alok. Wallace, Dennis. Schumacher, Joseph E. Milby, Jesse B. Institution Div. of Preventive Med., Univ. of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Med. and the Deep South Center on Effectivenessat the Birmingham Veterans' Affairs Medical Center; 1530 3rd Ave South MT 608 Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA. [email protected] Title Substance abuse treatment and psychiatric comorbidity: do benefits spill over? Analysis of data from a prospective trial among cocaine-dependent homeless persons. Source Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, & Policy. 1:27, 2006. Journal Name Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, & Policy Other ID Source: NLM. PMC1584225 Country of Publication England Abstract BACKGROUND: Comorbid psychiatric illness can undermine outcomes among homeless persons undergoing addiction treatment, and psychiatric specialty care is not always readily available. The prognosis for nonsubstance abuse psychiatric diagnoses among homeless persons receiving behaviorally-based addiction treatment, however, is little studied. RESULTS: Data from an addiction treatment trial for 95 cocaine-dependent homeless persons (1996-1998) were used to profile psychiatric diagnoses at baseline and 6 months, including mood-related disorders (e.g. depression) and anxiety-related disorders (e.g. posttraumatic stress disorder). Treatment interventions, including systematic reinforcement for goal attainment, were behavioral in orientation. There was a 32% reduction in the prevalence of comorbid non-addiction psychiatric disorder from baseline to 6 months, with similar reductions in the prevalence of mood (-32%) and anxiety-related disorders (-20%) (p = 0.12). CONCLUSION: Among cocaine-dependent homeless persons with psychiatric comorbidity undergoing behavioral addiction treatment, a reduction in comorbid psychiatric disorder prevalence was observed over 6 months. Not all participants improved, suggesting that even evidence-based addiction treatment will prove insufficient for a meaningful proportion of the dually diagnosed homeless population. General Note Original DateCompleted: 20070612 Publication Type Journal Article. Randomized Controlled Trial. Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural. Date of Publication 2006 Year of Publication 2006 Volume 1 Page 27 COMORBIDITY 2006 <901> DatabaseOvid MEDLINE(R) In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Ovid MEDLINE(R) Unique Identifier 16861144 Status MEDLINE Authors Douzenis A. Michopoulos I. Lykouras L. Authors Full Name Douzenis, Athanasios. Michopoulos, Ioannis. Lykouras, Lefteris. Institution Department of General Hospital Psychiatry, Athens University Medical School, Attikon Hospital, Greece. Title Sulbutiamine, an 'innocent' over the counter drug, interferes with therapeutic outcome of bipolar disorder. Source World Journal of Biological Psychiatry. 7(3):183-5, 2006. Journal Name World Journal of Biological Psychiatry Country of Publication Scotland Abstract A case of a patient with bipolar disorder with a history of hospitalizations and addiction to sulbutiamine is presented. Sulbutiamine is a precursor of thiamine that crosses the bloodbrain barrier and is widely available without prescription in most countries or over the internet. Because of this patient's need to consume ever increasing quantities of sulbutiamine, his psychiatric care was severely compromised through him defaulting appointments and frequent changes of psychiatrists. This paper reviews the current scientific knowledge about sulbutiamine, and some of the information and claims available on the web about its use and potential. It is argued that doctors need to be aware of the potential misuse of medication available over the counter or on the internet and its potential harmful influence. ISSN Print 1562-2975 Publication Type Case Reports. Journal Article. Date of Publication 2006 Year of Publication 2006 Issue/Part 3 Volume 7 Page 183-5 OPIOIDS 2006 / COMORBIDITY 2006 <932> Database Ovid MEDLINE(R) In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Ovid MEDLINE(R) Unique Identifier 16309810 Status MEDLINE Authors Gerra G. Leonardi C. D'Amore A. Strepparola G. Fagetti R. Assi C. Zaimovic A. Lucchini A. Authors Full Name Gerra, Gilberto. Leonardi, Claudio. D'Amore, Antonio. Strepparola, Giovanni. Fagetti, Roberto. Assi, Cinzia. Zaimovic, Amir. Lucchini, Alfio. Institution Addiction Treatment Centre, AUSL Parma, Italy. [email protected] Title Buprenorphine treatment outcome in dually diagnosed heroin dependent patients: A retrospective study. Source Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry. 30(2):265-72, 2006 Mar. Journal Name Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry Country of Publication England Abstract The present study compared retrospectively in a clinical non-experimental setting the efficacy of buprenorphine (BUP) in different subgroups of dually diagnosed and non-dually diagnosed opioid-dependent patients: all the subjects included in the study showed severe long-lasting heroin addiction and 68.4% were affected by psychiatric comorbidity. Participants (206) (mean age 32.2+/-8.9, 177 males-29 females) were applicants to a long-term buprenorphine treatment program (mean doses 7.9+/-0.42 mg). Aim of the study was to evaluate dual diagnosis variables possibly influencing retention rate and abstinence from illicit drugs. The patients were divided into 5 subgroups on the basis of dual diagnosis: group 1: major depression (MD) 29.61%; group 2: generalized anxiety (GAD) (11.2%); group 3: personality disorders (PD), antisocial-borderline (21.84%); group 4: schizophrenia (SC)(6.3%); group 5: substance use disorder without overt psychiatric comorbidity (SUD) (31.1%). Group 1 patients affected by MD showed the highest retention rate at 12 months (72.1%) in comparison with the other groups of patients: group 2 GAD (39.1%), group 3 PD (17.8%), group 4 SC (7.7%) and group 5 SUD, without comorbidity (45.3%) (p=0.006, p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.002). Similarly, at 12 months, the patients affected by MD showed less risk of illicit opioid use (16.4%) than those affected by GAD (34.8%), PD (42.2%), SC (53.8%) and SUD without comorbidity (34.4%) (p=0.06, p=0.003, p=0.008, p=0.017). When evaluated on the whole sample, retention rate was not influenced by dose. In contrast, the higher BUP doses were associated with less risk of illicit opioid use, than lower doses (p<0.001). Multivariate analysis and factor analysis showed a greater association of outcome measures (retention rate and negative urines rate) with comorbid diagnosis (depression) (respectively 0.64) than with buprenorphine doses (respectively 0.54). Our data need to be interpreted with caution because of the retrospective methodology applied to a clinical nonexperimental setting. BUP seems to be more effective in opioid-dependent patients affected by depression, probably due to the kappa opioid-receptors antagonist action, counteracting dysphoria, negativism and anxiety. High doses of BUP appear to predict a better outcome, in terms of negative urines, but not in terms of retention. ISSN Print 0278-5846 Publication Type Clinical Trial. Comparative Study. Journal Article. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't. Date of Publication 2006 Mar Year of Publication 2006 Issue/Part 2 Volume 30 Page 265-72 COMORBIDITY 2006 <390> Database EMBASE Accession Number 2007055147 Authors Hesse M. Pedersen M.U. Institution (Hesse, Pedersen) Centre for Alcohol and Drug Research, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark. Country of Publication United Kingdom Title Antisocial personality disorder and retention: A systematic review. Source Therapeutic Communities: the International Journal for Therapeutic and Supportive Organizations. 27(4)(pp 495-504), 2006. Date of Publication: Dec 2006. Abstract The purpose of this review is to examine treatment retention for drug dependent users with co-occurring antisocial personality disorder (ASPD). Peer-reviewed papers were identified searching Medline, PsycInfo and bibliographies of seminal papers. Seventeen studies were identified, and a meta-analysis on retention was conducted. The overall impact of ASPD was non-significant with an effect size of -0.05. However, differences were found between programmes. Studies conducted in Therapeutic Communities indicated that subjects with ASPD were more likely to complete treatment than drug abusers without ASPD, whereas in drug-free outpatient treatment the reverse was true. Implications for future research and substance abuse treatment are discussed. ISSN 0964-1866 Publication Type Journal: Review Journal Name Therapeutic Communities: the International Journal for Therapeutic and Supportive Organizations Volume 27 Issue Part 4 Page 495-504 Year of Publication 2006 Date of Publication Dec 2006 COMORBIDITY 2006 <396> Database EMBASE Accession Number 2007021186 Authors Erkiran M. Ozunalan H. Evren C. Aytaclar S. Kirisci L. Tarter R. Institution (Erkiran, Ozunalan, Evren, Aytaclar) Bakirkoy State Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases, Istanbul, Turkey. (Kirisci, Tarter) Center for Education and Drug Abuse Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 707 Salk Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States. Country of Publication United Kingdom Title Substance abuse amplifies the risk for violence in schizophrenia spectrum disorder. Source Addictive Behaviors. 31(10)(pp 1797-1805), 2006. Date of Publication: Oct 2006. Abstract The factors responsible for the association between schizophrenia and violence with or without co-occurring substance abuse have not been fully elucidated. The present study had two aims: (1) ascertain whether substance abuse augments the risk for violence in patients with schizophrenia; and, (2) determine whether violence is differentially related to positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. A sample of 133 adults were participated in this study. Patients with bizarre behavior and avolition-apathy symptoms were more likely to manifest violent behavior. In addition, patients with a history of criminal offenses and substance use disorder were more likely to exhibit violent behavior. Based on the results of this study, it is feasible to identify individual with schizophrenic spectrum disorder who are at high risk for violence. copyright 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. ISSN 0306-4603 Publication Type Journal: Article Journal Name Addictive Behaviors Volume 31 Issue Part 10 Page 1797-1805 Year of Publication 2006 Date of Publication Oct 2006 COMORBIDITY 2006 <424> Database EMBASE Accession Number 2007003796 Authors Huang D.B. Kamat P.P. Wang J. Institution (Huang, Wang) Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States. (Huang, Kamat) University of Texas, Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, United States. (Huang) 900 Ridgebury Rd, G4, Ridgefield, CT 06877, United States. Country of Publication United Kingdom Title Demographic characteristics and antisocial personality disorder of early and late onset alcoholics identified in a primary care clinic. Source American Journal on Addictions. 15(6)(pp 478-482), 2006. Date of Publication: Nov 2006. Abstract A total of 1,734 persons were prospectively screened in a primary care clinic to examine the demographic characteristics and presence or absence of antisocial personality disorder among early onset alcoholics (EOA) and late onset alcoholics (LOA). A total of 76 EOA (male = 58 and female = 18) and 80 LOA (male = 56 and female = 24), as determined by the Comprehensive Drinking Profile Scale, participated in the study. EOA tended to be single and were younger, in a lower socioeconomic class, raised by non-biological parents, more likely to have antisocial personality disorder, and more likely to commit certain convicted offenses compared to LOA (p[less-than or equal to].05). This study found that EOA identified in a primary care clinic have a different demographic profile and are more likely to have antisocial personality disorder compared to LOA. Copyright copyright American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry. ISSN 1055-0496 Publication Type Journal: Article Journal Name American Journal on Addictions Volume 15 Issue Part 6 Page 478-482 Year of Publication 2006 Date of Publication Nov 2006 COMORBIDITY 2006 / OPIOIDS 2006 <426> Database EMBASE Accession Number 2007003794 Authors Shiri R. Hassani K.F. Ansari M. Institution (Shiri, Hassani) Tampere School of Public Health, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland. (Ansari) Department of Internal Medicine, Ekbatan Hospital, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran, Islamic Republic of. (Shiri) Klaneettitie 1 D 105, FIN-00420 Helsinki, Finland. Country of Publication United Kingdom Title Association between opium abuse and comorbidity in diabetic men. Source American Journal on Addictions. 15(6)(pp 468-472), 2006. Date of Publication: Nov 2006. Abstract The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of opium abuse in diabetic men and to investigate its association with comorbidity. The study population was comprised of 312 consecutive diabetic men aged 20 years or older residing in the study area in 2005. The prevalence of self-reported opium abuse was 11.2%. Opium use was associated with low socioeconomic status, smoking, tea consumption, and a higher prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) and severe depression. The prevalence of severe depression was 22.8% among 35 men who used opium and 13.4% among 277 who did not use it. The prevalence of moderate or severe ED was 85.7% among opium users and 66.1% among non-users. The risk of ED was two times (95% CI 1.0-7.4) higher in opium users compared with nonusers. Copyright copyright American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry. ISSN 1055-0496 Publication Type Journal: Article Journal Name American Journal on Addictions Volume 15 Issue Part 6 Page 468-472 Year of Publication 2006 Date of Publication Nov 2006 COMORBIDITY 2006 <459> Database EMBASE Accession Number 2006583523 Authors Kendler K.S. Myers J. Gardner C.O. Institution (Kendler, Myers, Gardner) Virginia Institute of Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Box 980126, Richmond, VA 23298-0126, United States. (Kendler, Myers, Gardner) Department of Psychiatry, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Box 980126, Richmond, VA 23298-0126, United States. (Kendler) Department of Human Genetics, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Box 980126, Richmond, VA 23298-0126, United States. Country of Publication United Kingdom Title Caffeine intake, toxicity and dependence and lifetime risk for psychiatric and substance use disorders: An epidemiologic and co-twin control analysis. Source Psychological Medicine. 36(12)(pp 1717-1725), 2006. Date of Publication: Dec 2006. Abstract Background. Although caffeine is the most commonly used psychoactive substance and often produces symptoms of toxicity and dependence, little is known, especially in community samples, about the association between caffeine use, toxicity and dependence and risk for common psychiatric and substance use disorders. Method. Assessments of lifetime maximal caffeine use and symptoms of caffeine toxicity and dependence were available on over 3600 adult twins ascertained from the population-based Virginia Twin Registry. Lifetime histories of major depression (MD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and panic disorder, alcohol dependence, adult antisocial behavior and cannabis and cocaine abuse/dependence were obtained at personal interview. Logistic regression analyses in the entire sample and within monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs were conducted in SAS. Results. In the entire sample, measures of maximal caffeine use, heavy caffeine use, and caffeine-related toxicity and dependence were significantly and positively associated with all seven psychiatric and substance use disorders. However, within MZ twin pairs, controlling for genetic and family environmental factors, these associations, while positive, were all non-significant. These results were similar when excluding twins who denied regular caffeine use. Conclusions. Maximal lifetime caffeine intake and caffeine-associated toxicity and dependence are moderately associated with risk for a wide range of psychiatric and substance use disorders. Analyses of these relationships within MZ twin pairs suggest that most of the observed associations are not causal. Rather, familial factors, which are probably in part genetic, predispose to both caffeine intake, toxicity and dependence and the risk for a broad array of internalizing and externalizing disorders. copyright 2006 Cambridge University Press. ISSN 0033-2917 Publication Type Journal: Article Journal Name Psychological Medicine Volume 36 Issue Part 12 Page 1717-1725 Year of Publication 2006 Date of Publication Dec 2006 COMORBIDITY 2006 <481> Database EMBASE Accession Number 2006535775 Authors Buckner J.D. Mallott M.A. Schmidt N.B. Taylor J. Institution (Buckner, Mallott, Schmidt, Taylor) Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, United States. Country of Publication United Kingdom Title Peer influence and gender differences in problematic cannabis use among individuals with social anxiety. Source Journal of Anxiety Disorders. 20(8)(pp 1087-1102), 2006. Date of Publication: 2006. Abstract Despite epidemiological reports indicating that individuals with social anxiety disorder (SAD) are at heightened risk for cannabis use disorders (CUD), there is a dearth of research investigating the mechanisms underlying the nature of this co-occurrence. The present study examined the role of a well-established risk factor for cannabis use, peer influence, on the relationship between symptoms of SAD and CUD in a non-referred sample (N = 123). Lifetime symptoms of SAD and CUD were assessed using a structured diagnostic interview. SAD symptoms were significantly correlated with CUD symptoms and this relationship was moderated by peer use of both alcohol and cannabis. Further, a gender effect indicated that the relationship between symptoms of SAD and CUD occurred only in women. Implications of these novel findings are discussed. copyright 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. ISSN 0887-6185 Publication Type Journal: Article Journal Name Journal of Anxiety Disorders Volume 20 Issue Part 8 Page 1087-1102 Year of Publication 2006 Date of Publication 2006 COMORBIDITY 2006 <483> Database EMBASE Accession Number 2006533337 Authors Earleywine M. Institution (Earleywine) University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, United States. Country of Publication United Kingdom Title Schizotypy, marijuana, and differential item functioning. Source Human Psychopharmacology. 21(7)(pp 455-461), 2006. Date of Publication: Oct 2006. Abstract At least five studies report elevated schizotypy scores in cannabis users. The current research confirms higher schizotypy scores in regular cannabis users. Nevertheless, further analyses reveal that select items on the brief version of the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire do not function comparably in current and former users. Multiple statistical approaches confirmed this problem, including the Mantel-Haenszel statistic, Rasch difficulty estimates, a logistic regression approach, the Breslow-Day (BD) statistic, and a combined decision rule using Mantel-Haenszel and BD together. Cannabis users appear to misinterpret at least one item, "I sometimes use words in unusual ways" making them more likely to endorse it even if they are no more schizotypal than the former users. Users might consider cannabis-related slang as an unusual use of words. Removing problematic items does not decrease the internal consistency of the measure, but eliminates the significant difference between current and former users. These results suggest that links between cannabis use and schizotypy require cautious interpretation and may arise from measurement problems. Copyright copyright 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISSN 0885-6222 Publication Type Journal: Article Journal Name Human Psychopharmacology Volume 21 Issue Part 7 Page 455-461 Year of Publication 2006 Date of Publication Oct 2006 COMORBIDITY 2006 <504> Database EMBASE Accession Number 2006501824 Authors Johnson S.D. Striley C. Cottler L.B. Institution (Johnson) University of Missouri-St. Louis, School of Social Work, One University Blvd. St. Louis, MO 63121, United States. (Striley, Cottler) Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, 40 N. Kingshighway, Suite 4, St. Louis, MO 63108, United States. Country of Publication United Kingdom Title The association of substance use disorders with trauma exposure and PTSD among African American drug users. Source Addictive Behaviors. 31(11)(pp 2063-2073), 2006. Date of Publication: Nov 2006. Abstract This study examines the association of traumatic exposure, PTSD and substance use among 1098 out-of-treatment African American drug users. Over 40% of the respondents experienced a DSM-III-R qualifying traumatic event with 44% of those developing PTSD. Early onsets of marijuana and heroin use, alcohol dependence and opiate dependence were each associated with exposure to a traumatic event for males and early onset alcohol use and alcohol dependence were associated with females' exposure to a traumatic event. Alcohol dependence and depression disorder were co morbid with PTSD in men, while the early onset of alcohol and alcohol dependence were associated with PTSD in women. In the 16% of the sample who reported trauma exposure and poly-substance use, the trauma occurred after the onset of all substance use, with the exception of crack cocaine use. Implications for multifaceted treatment which addresses multiple psychopathologies, PTSD, and risk for exposure are discussed. copyright 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. ISSN 0306-4603 Publication Type Journal: Article Journal Name Addictive Behaviors Volume 31 Issue Part 11 Page 2063-2073 Year of Publication 2006 Date of Publication Nov 2006 COMORBIDITY 2006 <514> Database EMBASE Accession Number 2006492267 Authors Afuwape S.A. Johnson S. Craig T.J.K. Miles H. Leese M. Mohan R. Thornicroft G. Institution (Afuwape, Craig, Leese, Mohan, Thornicroft) Health Services Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College London, (Johnson) Department of Mental Health Sciences, Royal Free and University College Medical School, University College London, (Miles) Dennis Hill Unit, Bethlem Royal Hospital, Beckenham, Kent, United Kingdom. (Afuwape) Health Services Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom. Country of Publication United Kingdom Title Ethnic differences among a community cohort of individuals with dual diagnosis in South London. Source Journal of Mental Health. 15(5)(pp 551-567), 2006. Date of Publication: 01 Oct 2006. Abstract Background: Little is known about the characteristics of individuals from Black minority ethnic groups in the UK with psychosis and co-occurring substance misuse. Aim: To examine and compare with a White group the characteristics of a community cohort of dually diagnosed individuals from Black minority ethnic groups. Method: People with psychosis and comorbid substance misuse (dual diagnosis) were identified through structured ratings by case managers. Data regarding their social and clinical characteristics were collected from staff and clients. Results: According to case managers, Black British-born individuals were more likely to misuse cannabis than the White group and to have been compulsorily hospitalized or reportedly involved in violence over an 18 month period. Conclusion: Attention should be paid in the development of dual diagnosis interventions to ethnic variations in patterns of comorbid substance use. Declaration of interest: The study was funded by the Maudsley NHS Trust. copyright Shadowfax Publishing and Informa UK Ltd. ISSN 0963-8237 Publication Type Journal: Article Journal Name Journal of Mental Health Volume 15 Issue Part 5 Page 551-567 Year of Publication 2006 Date of Publication 01 Oct 2006 COMORBIDITY 2006 <538> Database EMBASE Accession Number 2006462642 Authors Hesse M. Institution (Hesse) Center for Alcohol and Drug Research, Aarhus University, Kobmagergade 26E, 1150 Copenhagen C, Denmark. Country of Publication United Kingdom Title The Beck Depression Inventory in patients undergoing opiate agonist maintenance treatment. Source British Journal of Clinical Psychology. 45(3)(pp 417-425), 2006. Date of Publication: Sep 2006. Abstract Background and objectives. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) is a widely used measure of depression severity in both research and clinical contexts. This study aimed at assessing its stability and associations with ongoing drug use in a sample of patients in opiate agonist maintenance treatment who were not abstinent from illicit drugs. Design and method. The study was a prospective, naturalistic study. Subjects in enhanced or standard psychosocial services along with opiate agonist maintenance treatment were administered the BDI and the European Addiction Severity Index (EuropASI) twice by research technicians, approximately 2 weeks after intake and at 18 months follow-up. Findings. There were rather small mean changes from intake to follow-up in the BDI, and mean-level stability in subjects was rather high as evidenced by a high intra-class correlation between intake score and follow-up score. The stability of the BDI was reduced at high levels of drug use severity at intake, and BDI was a moderate predictor of drug use severity at follow-up. Conclusions. The BDI measures a construct that is both stable and of predictive validity in a sample of non-abstinent opiate agonist maintenance patients, although very severe drug use at baseline appeared to reduce the stability of the BDI. copyright 2006 The British Psychological Society. ISSN 0144-6657 Publication Type Journal: Article Journal Name British Journal of Clinical Psychology Volume 45 Issue Part 3 Page 417-425 Year of Publication 2006 Date of Publication Sep 2006 COMORBIDITY 2006 <551> Database EMBASE Accession Number 2006445337 Authors Vinod K.Y. Hungund B.L. Institution (Vinod, Hungund) Division of Analytical Psychopharmacology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, NY 10032, United States. (Vinod, Hungund) Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, United States. (Hungund) Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, NY 10032, United States. Country of Publication United Kingdom Title Role of the endocannabinoid system in depression and suicide. Source Trends in Pharmacological Sciences. 27(10)(pp 539-545), 2006. Date of Publication: Oct 2006. Abstract Depression is one of the most prevalent forms of neuropsychiatric disorder and is a major cause of suicide worldwide. The prefrontal cortex is a crucial brain region that is thought to be involved in the regulation of mood, aggression and/or impulsivity and decision making, which are altered in suicidality. Evidence of the role of the endocannabinoid (EC) system in the neurobiology of neuropsychiatric disorders is beginning to emerge. The behavioral effects of ECs are believed to be mediated through the central cannabinoid CB<sub>1</sub> receptor. Alterations in the levels of ECs, and in the density and coupling efficacy of CB<sub>1</sub> receptors, have been reported in the prefrontal cortex of depressed and alcoholic suicide victims. These findings support our hypothesis that altered EC function contributes to the pathophysiological aspects of suicidal behavior. Here, we provide a brief overview of the role of the EC system in alcoholism, depression and suicide, and discuss possible therapeutic interventions and directions for future research. copyright 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. ISSN 0165-6147 Publication Type Journal: Review Journal Name Trends in Pharmacological Sciences Volume 27 Issue Part 10 Page 539-545 Year of Publication 2006 Date of Publication Oct 2006 COMORBIDITY 2006 <553> Database EMBASE Accession Number 2006444735 Authors Harned M.S. Najavits L.M. Weiss R.D. Institution (Harned) Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States. (Najavits) Trauma Research Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, United States. (Najavits, Weiss) Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States. (Najavits) National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United States. (Weiss) Alcohol and Drug Abuse Treatment Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, United States. (Harned) Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Box 351525, Seattle, WA 98195-5125, United States. Country of Publication United Kingdom Title Self-harm and suicidal behavior in women with comorbid PTSD and substance dependence. Source American Journal on Addictions. 15(5)(pp 392-395), 2006. Date of Publication: 01 Oct 2006. Abstract This study examined the frequency, methods, and correlates of self-harm and suicidal behavior in 65 outpatient women with comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance dependence (SD). Results showed high rates of suicide attempts, self-harm, suicidal ideation, and self-harm ideation for the prior three months. The most common methods were overdosing and cutting/scratching. Both PTSD and SD were perceived as contributing to self-harm and suicidal behavior. Women who had and had not engaged in such behavior differed in SD diagnoses and reasons for staying safe, but not in the number or type of traumatic experiences, age at first trauma, or substance abuse diagnoses. Copyright copyright American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry. ISSN 1055-0496 Publication Type Journal: Article Journal Name American Journal on Addictions Volume 15 Issue Part 5 Page 392-395 Year of Publication 2006 Date of Publication 01 Oct 2006 COMORBIDITY 2006 <557> Database EMBASE Accession Number 2006444731 Authors Leventhal A.M. Mooney M.E. DeLaune K.A. Schmitz J.M. Institution (Leventhal) Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-5022, United States. (Mooney, DeLaune, Schmitz) Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas-Houston, Houston, TX, United States. (Mooney) Tobacco Use Research Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States. Country of Publication United Kingdom Title Using addiction severity profiles to differentiate cocaine-dependent patients with and without comorbid major depression. Source American Journal on Addictions. 15(5)(pp 362-369), 2006. Date of Publication: 01 Oct 2006. Abstract This study compared pretreatment addiction severity profiles of 339 abusers in three diagnostic groups: cocaine dependence only (CO), cocaine dependence with substanceinduced major depression (SIMD), and cocaine dependence with independent major depression (IMD). Depressed subjects reported more severe problems than non-depressed subjects across numerous domains, regardless of diagnostic etiology. These findings support the need for specialized treatment approaches targeting depressive symptoms or life stress for cocaine-dependent patients with IMD or SIMD, though patients with IMD may require additional attention for chronic and comorbid psychiatric and medical problems. Copyright copyright American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry. ISSN 1055-0496 Publication Type Journal: Article Journal Name American Journal on Addictions Volume 15 Issue Part 5 Page 362-369 Year of Publication 2006 Date of Publication 01 Oct 2006 COMORBIDITY 2006 <559> Database EMBASE Accession Number 2006444729 Authors Westermeyer J. Institution (Westermeyer) Department of Psychiatry, Minneapolis VAMC, Minneapolis, MN, United States. (Westermeyer) Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States. (Westermeyer) Minneapolis VAMC, Department of Psychiatry, 1 Veterans Drive, Minneapolis, MN 55417, United States. Country of Publication United Kingdom Title Comorbid schizophrenia and substance abuse: A review of epidemiology and course. Source American Journal on Addictions. 15(5)(pp 345-355), 2006. Date of Publication: 01 Oct 2006. Abstract Over the last dozen years, our knowledge regarding comorbid schizophrenia (SCZ) and substance use disorder (SUD) has evolved in several ways. First, the rate of lifetime comorbid SCZ-SUD appears to have increased another 20-30%, so now about 70-80% of persons with SCZ have lifetime SUD. Second, early remission of SUD has become commonplace among patients with SCZ, perhaps outnumbering the number of SCZ-only patients as well as those with active SCZ-SUD. Third, sustained SUD remission is well demonstrated, though the rates may yet be low. Fourth, research on comorbid SCZ-SUD is filling out our knowledge in many areas, including the characteristics of SCZ patients at risk for SUD, reasons SCZ patients seek out substances, effects of various substances on SCZ course and symptoms, and obstacles to SUD recovery in people with SCZ. The influence of SUD treatment and self-help on epidemiology and course has not been adequately evaluated. Primary prevention and early treatment of SUD in SCZ patients are still relatively neglected, though they offer our greatest hope for enhancing the lives of people with SCZ and improving the cost efficacy of care. Copyright copyright American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry. ISSN 1055-0496 Publication Type Journal: Review Journal Name American Journal on Addictions Volume 15 Issue Part 5 Page 345-355 Year of Publication 2006 Date of Publication 01 Oct 2006 COMORBIDITY 2006 <560> Database EMBASE Accession Number 2006444728 Authors McFall M. Atkins D.C. Yoshimoto D. Thompson C.E. Kanter E. Malte C.A. Saxon A.J. Institution (McFall, Yoshimoto, Thompson, Kanter) Northwest Network Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Seattle, WA, United States. (McFall, Atkins, Thompson, Kanter, Saxon) Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States. (Malte, Saxon) Center of Excellence in Substance Abuse Treatment and Education, Seattle, WA, United States. (McFall) VA Puget Sound Health Care System, PTSD Programs (S-116 MHC), 1660 S. Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108, United States. Country of Publication United Kingdom Title Integrating tobacco cessation treatment into mental health care for patients with posttraumatic stress disorder. Source American Journal on Addictions. 15(5)(pp 336-344), 2006. Date of Publication: 01 Oct 2006. Abstract The integration of tobacco cessation treatment into mental health care for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), known as Integrated Care (IC), was evaluated in an uncontrolled feasibility and effectiveness study. Veterans (N = 107) in PTSD treatment at two outpatient clinics received IC delivered by mental health practitioners. Outcomes were seven-day point prevalence abstinence measured at two, four, six, and nine months post-enrollment and repeated seven-day point prevalence abstinence (RPPA) obtained across three consecutive assessment intervals (four, six, and nine months). Abstinence rates at the four assessment intervals were 28%, 23%, 25%, and 18%, respectively, and RPPA was 15%. The number of IC sessions and a previous quit history greater than six months predicted RPPA. Stopping smoking was not associated with worsening PTSD or depression. Copyright copyright American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry. ISSN 1055-0496 Publication Type Journal: Article Journal Name American Journal on Addictions Volume 15 Issue Part 5 Page 336-344 Year of Publication 2006 Date of Publication 01 Oct 2006 COMORBIDITY 2006 <572> Database EMBASE Accession Number 2006439221 Authors Boydell J. Van Os J. Caspi A. Kennedy N. Giouroukou P. Fearon P. Farrell M. Murray R.M. Institution (Boydell, Van Os, Caspi, Kennedy, Giouroukou, Fearon, Farrell, Murray) Division of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom. Country of Publication United Kingdom Title Trends in cannabis use prior to first presentation with schizophrenia, in South-East London between 1965 and 1999. Source Psychological Medicine. 36(10)(pp 1441-1446), 2006. Date of Publication: Oct 2006. Abstract Background. There is evidence that cannabis use might be relevant to the aetiology of schizophrenia. We aimed to measure any change in cannabis use over time in those first presenting with schizophrenia in South-East London from 1965 to 1999, and compare this with change in use in those presenting with non-psychotic psychiatric disorders. Method. The rate of cannabis use in the year prior to first ever presentation was measured over seven time periods. Logistic regression modelling was used to determine (a) whether cannabis use changed over time, after controlling for age, sex and ethnicity, and (b) whether there was an interaction between diagnosis and time. Results. Cannabis use increased over time in both the schizophrenia group [odds ratio per time period (OR) 2.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.74-2.38, p < 0.0001]; and the non-psychotic disorders group (OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.05-1.47, p = 0.012), after controlling for age, sex and ethnicity. However, the effect of time was significantly greater in the schizophrenia group than in the non-schizophrenia group (chi<sup>2</sup>=17, p < 0.0001). Conclusion. Cannabis use in the year prior to presentation with schizophrenia increased markedly between 1965 and 1999, and disproportionately so compared to increase in cannabis use in other psychiatric disorders. copyright 2006 Cambridge University Press. ISSN 0033-2917 Publication Type Journal: Article Journal Name Psychological Medicine Volume 36 Issue Part 10 Page 1441-1446 Year of Publication 2006 Date of Publication Oct 2006 COMORBIDITY 2006 <578> Database EMBASE Accession Number 2006432062 Authors Harder V.S. Morral A.R. Arkes J. Institution (Harder) Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States. (Harder, Morral, Arkes) RAND Corporation, Arlington, VA, United States. (Harder, Morral, Arkes) RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, United States. (Harder) Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, 624 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States. Country of Publication United Kingdom Title Marijuana use and depression among adults: Testing for causal associations. Source Addiction. 101(10)(pp 1463-1472), 2006. Date of Publication: Oct 2006. Abstract Aim: To determine whether marijuana use predicts later development of depression after accounting for differences between users and non-users of marijuana. Design: An ongoing longitudinal survey of 12 686 men and women beginning in 1979. Setting: The National Longitudinal Survey of Youth of 1979, a nationally representative sample from the United States. Participants: A total of 8759 adults (age range 29-37 years) interviewed in 1994 had complete data on past-year marijuana use and current depression. Measurements: Selfreported past-year marijuana use was tested as an independent predictor of later adult depression using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies - Depression questionnaire. Individual's propensity to use marijuana was calculated using over 50 baseline covariates. Findings: Before adjusting for group differences, the odds of current depression among pastyear marijuana users is 1.4 times higher (95% CI: 1.1, 1.9) than the odds of depression among the non-using comparison group. After adjustment, the odds of current depression among past-year marijuana users is only 1.1 times higher than the comparison group (95% CI: 0.8, 1.7). Similarly, adjustment eliminates significant associations between marijuana use and depression in four additional analyses: heavy marijuana use as the risk factor, stratifying by either gender or age, and using a 4-year lag-time between marijuana use and depression. Conclusions: After adjusting for differences in baseline risk factors of marijuana use and depression, past-year marijuana use does not significantly predict later development of depression. These findings are discussed in terms of their relevance for understanding possible causal effects of marijuana use on depression. copyright 2006 The Authors. ISSN 0965-2140 Publication Type Journal: Article Journal Name Addiction Volume 101 Issue Part 10 Page 1463-1472 Year of Publication 2006 Date of Publication Oct 2006 COMORBIDITY 2006 <597> Database EMBASE Accession Number 2006390722 Authors Zvolensky M.J. Bernstein A. Marshall E.C. Feldner M.T. Institution (Zvolensky) Department of Psychology, University of Vermont, 2 Colchester Avenue, Burlington, VT 05405-0134, United States. Country of Publication United Kingdom Title Panic attacks, panic disorder, and agoraphobia: Associations with substance use, abuse, and dependence. Source Current Psychiatry Reports. 8(4)(pp 279-285), 2006. Date of Publication: Aug 2006. Abstract Anxiety and substance use disorders frequently co-occur. Despite the clinical importance of this co-occurrence, theory and research addressing the relations between anxiety-substance use disorder comorbidity remain limited. The present commentary is intended to briefly review and summarize key aspects of this literature, with a specific focus on panic-spectrum psychopathology (panic attacks, panic disorder, and agoraphobia) and its associations with tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana use, abuse, and dependence. A heuristic theoretical model for better understanding the panic-substance use relations also is offered. Extant data suggest clinically meaningful bidirectional associations are evident between panic problems and premorbid risk factors for such problems and various forms of tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana use. Key clinical implications and future directions are outlined based upon the review. Copyright copyright 2006 by Current Science Inc. ISSN 1523-3812 Publication Type Journal: Review Journal Name Current Psychiatry Reports Volume 8 Issue Part 4 Page 279-285 Year of Publication 2006 Date of Publication Aug 2006 COMORBIDITY 2006 <598> Database EMBASE Accession Number 2006388337 Authors Austin J.C. Peay H.L. Institution (Austin) Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver General Hospital Research Pavillion, 211-828 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L8, Canada. (Austin) Early Psychosis Intervention Program, Peace Arch Hospital, White Rock, BC, Canada. (Peay) Social and Behavioral Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States. Country of Publication United Kingdom Title Applications and limitations of empiric data in provision of recurrence risks for schizophrenia: A practical review for healthcare professionals providing clinical psychiatric genetics consultations. Source Clinical Genetics. 70(3)(pp 177-187), 2006. Date of Publication: Sep 2006. Abstract Schizophrenia is a common disorder that may frequently be encountered when taking family histories in the genetics clinic, whether or not the referral is for a psychiatric indication. Like in other common disorders, the provision of recurrence risks for schizophrenia is a complex clinical issue because empiric recurrence risks (while reasonably well established) can rarely be used without individual tailoring. This review seeks to identify and detail some pertinent issues surrounding the clinical utility of empiric recurrence risks for schizophrenia, and to provide an overview of important factors to consider when tailoring empiric risks for individual patients. copyright 2006 Blackwell Munksgaard. ISSN 0009-9163 Publication Type Journal: Review Journal Name Clinical Genetics Volume 70 Issue Part 3 Page 177-187 Year of Publication 2006 Date of Publication Sep 2006 COMORBIDITY (A) 2006 <599> Database EMBASE Accession Number 2006385450 Authors Mannucci C. Tedesco M. Bellomo M. Caputi A.P. Calapai G. Institution (Mannucci, Tedesco, Caputi, Calapai) Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Pharmacology, Section of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98124 Messina, Italy. (Bellomo) Department of Biochemical, Physiological and Nutritional Sciences, School of Medicine of Messina, Italy. Country of Publication United Kingdom Title Long-term effects of nicotine on the forced swimming test in mice: An experimental model for the study of depression caused by smoke. Source Neurochemistry International. 49(5)(pp 481-486), 2006. Date of Publication: Oct 2006. Abstract Large evidence showing an association between depression and tobacco smoking is known. Nicotine is the active chemical responsible for smoking addiction, and its withdrawal may induce in smokers greater sensitivity to stress. Our aim has been to investigate the links between tobacco addiction and depression by studying the long-term effects of repeated administration of nicotine followed by dependence, to forced swimming test, serotonin content and 5-HT<sub>1A</sub> expression in diencephalon. Dependence has been induced by daily subcutaneous injection in mice of nicotine (2 mg/kg four injections daily) for 15 days and assessed after nicotine withdrawal with an abstinence scale; control animals received daily subcutaneous injection of saline for the same period. Experiments on forced swimming test have been carried out at t = 0 (last day of nicotine or saline treatment), and 15, 30, 45 and 60 days after saline or nicotine withdrawal. Both control mice and nicotine mice have been pretreated with oral 5-hydroxy-tryptophan (12.5-50 mg/kg), precursor of serotonin, before forced swimming test. Nicotine mice have shown on forced swimming test a significant increase of immobility time compared to control mice. This increase was not evident in nicotine mice treated with 5-hydroxy-tryptophan and treatment with the selective serotonin receptorial antagonist WAY 100635 (WAY) abolished 5-hydroxy-tryptophan effects. Evaluation of diencephalic serotonin, performed at t = 0 showed an increase of diencephalic serotonin content, while serotonin measured 15, 30, 45 and 60 days after nicotine withdrawal, was significantly reduced in nicotine mice compared to control mice. Western blot analysis showed a great reduction of 5-HT<sub>1A</sub> receptor expression in nicotine mice measured at t = 0 (last day of treatment) and at 15 and 30 days after nicotine withdrawal compared to control mice. Our results show that (i) behavioural alterations estimated with forced swimming test and (ii) changes in diencephalic serotonin content and 5-HT<sub>1A</sub> receptor expression, are present since nicotine is withdrawn even after a long time, suggesting a role of serotonin in mood disorders eventually occurring following smoking cessation. copyright 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. ISSN 0197-0186 Publication Type Journal: Article Journal Name Neurochemistry International Volume 49 Issue Part 5 Page 481-486 Year of Publication 2006 Date of Publication Oct 2006 COMORBIDITY 2006 <613> Database EMBASE Accession Number 2006382398 Authors Escobar J.I. Vega W.A. Institution (Escobar, Vega) Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Dentistry, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, United States. (Escobar) Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Dentistry, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 675 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854-5635, United States. Country of Publication United Kingdom Title Cultural issues and psychiatric diagnosis: Providing a general background for considering substance use diagnoses. Source Addiction. 101(SUPPL. 1)(pp 40-47), 2006. Date of Publication: Sep 2006. Abstract Aims: To establish a general context on the topic of cross-cultural diagnosis and suggest how it can be applied to substance use disorders. Methods: Critical reviews of the literature on psychiatric diagnosis, cross-cultural issues and the concept of ethnicity were conducted to provide a framework for making specific recommendations for substance use diagnoses. Results: Cross-cultural diagnosis remains in a state of flux. Key questions on ethnicity and psychopathology have not yet been fully answered by existing research. The broad use of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (DSM) system world-wide requires a careful look at its cross-cultural applicability. Conclusion: For DSM-V, cultural/ethnic issues have to be clearly defined in clear terms that lend themselves to operational definitions. Recommendations should be research-based and testable. Meaningful cultural annotations and a glossary of cultural terms that are applicable in daily clinical practice and not limited to less frequently encountered syndromes (culture-bound) would be highly desirable. copyright 2006 American Psychiatric Association. ISSN 0965-2140 Publication Type Journal: Review Journal Name Addiction Volume 101 Issue Part SUPPL. 1 Page 40-47 Year of Publication 2006 Date of Publication Sep 2006 GAMBLING / COMORBIDITY 2006 <618> Database EMBASE Accession Number 2006373752 Authors Hodgins D. Mansley C. Thygesen K. Institution (Hodgins, Mansley, Thygesen) Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Canada. (Hodgins) Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alta. T2N 1N4, Canada. Country of Publication United Kingdom Title Risk factors for suicide ideation and attempts among pathological gamblers. Source American Journal on Addictions. 15(4)(pp 303-310), 2006. Date of Publication: 01 Aug 2006. Abstract The link between pathological gambling and suicide is poorly understood. The current study has two major goals: to provide descriptive information about suicide ideation and attempts among pathological gamblers trying to quit, and to identify predictors of suicidal ideation and attempts, with a particular emphasis on mood and substance use disorders. A community sample of 101 individuals with gambling problems who had made a recent quit attempt was assessed using structured instruments. Of these, 28.7% reported no history of suicide ideation or attempts, 38.6% reported having only thoughts of suicide, and 32.7% reported a suicide attempt. Ideation predated the onset of gambling problems by an average of greater than ten years. History of ideation was increasingly likely with a greater severity of gambling problem as determined by DSM criteria. Those experiencing ideation were also more likely to over gamble on gambling days and five times more likely to have a history of depression. Substance abuse history was the only factor that distinguished between individuals who had a history of suicide attempts versus ideation only. Having a drug history was related to a more than six times greater likelihood of having made a suicide attempt. Gambling-related suicide attempts were relatively rare - 21.2% of attempters, or 7% of the total sample. These findings are consistent with the common factor model of etiology in which the suicidality of gambling is related to prior mental health disorders. More research on the relationship between alcohol and other drug disorders and their complex relationship to pathological gambling and suicide is crucial. Copyright copyright American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry. ISSN 1055-0496 Publication Type Journal: Article Journal Name American Journal on Addictions Volume 15 Issue Part 4 Page 303-310 Year of Publication 2006 Date of Publication 01 Aug 2006 COMORBIDITY 2006 <620> Database EMBASE Accession Number 2006373750 Authors Agosti V. Levin F. Institution (Agosti) New York State Psychiatric Institute, Depression Evaluation Service, New York, NY, United States. (Levin) Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States. (Agosti) New York State Psychiatric Institute, Box 51, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, United States. Country of Publication United Kingdom Title One-year follow-up study of suicide attempters treated for drug dependence. Source American Journal on Addictions. 15(4)(pp 293-296), 2006. Date of Publication: 01 Aug 2006. Abstract A large proportion of patients treated for substance dependencies have attempted suicide. Scarce empirical evidence exists regarding their prognosis. Data from the Drug Abuse Treatment Outcome Survey were analyzed to determine the course of depression and substance dependence of 416 suicide attempters one year after discharge. The likelihood of recovery from drug dependence did not differ between patients who did or did not attempt suicide. Among suicide attempters who recovered from substance dependence, the frequency of Major Depression Disorder was significantly lower compared to admission, but its prevalence was nearly three times higher than that found in the general community. Copyright copyright American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry. ISSN 1055-0496 Publication Type Journal: Article Journal Name American Journal on Addictions Volume 15 Issue Part 4 Page 293-296 Year of Publication 2006 Date of Publication 01 Aug 2006 COMORBIDITY 2006 <622> Database EMBASE Accession Number 2006373748 Authors Davis L. Frazier E. Husain M. Warden D. Trivedi M. Fava M. Cassano P. McGrath P. Balasubramani G.K. Wisniewski S. Rush A.J. Institution (Davis) VA Medical Center, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States. (Davis, Frazier) University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States. (Husain, Warden, Trivedi, Rush) University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, United States. (Fava, Cassano) Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States. (McGrath) Columbia University, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States. (Balasubramani, Wisniewski) University of Pittsburgh, Epidemiology Data Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. (Davis) VA Medical Center (151), 3701 Loop Road East, Tuscaloosa, AL 35404, United States. Country of Publication United Kingdom Title Substance use disorder comorbidity in major depressive disorder: A confirmatory analysis of the STAR*D cohort. Source American Journal on Addictions. 15(4)(pp 278-285), 2006. Date of Publication: 01 Aug 2006. Abstract The demographics and clinical features were compared between those with (29.4%) and without concurrent substance use disorder (SUD) in 2541 outpatients with major depression (MDD) enrolled in the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression study. Compared to those without SUD, MDD patients with concurrent SUD were more likely to be younger, male, divorced or never married, and at greater current suicide risk, and have an earlier age of onset of depression, greater depressive symptomatology, more previous suicide attempts, more frequent concurrent anxiety disorders, and greater functional impairment (p = 0.048 to < 0.0001). They were also less likely to be Hispanic and endorse general medical comorbidities (p = 0.006 and 0.002, respectively). Copyright copyright American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry. ISSN 1055-0496 Publication Type Journal: Article Journal Name American Journal on Addictions Volume 15 Issue Part 4 Page 278-285 Year of Publication 2006 Date of Publication 01 Aug 2006