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COLD WAR VOCABULARY LIST Sections 1 & 2 QUIZ 1 1. Superpowers (2 Quizzes) DATES:_______________________________________________ A nation that is stronger than other powerful nations. 2. Anti-ballistic missiles (ABMs) Missiles that can shoot down other missiles. 3. Ronald Reagan The president of the United States from 1980 to 1988. Instrumental in ending the Cold War. 4. Détente The relaxation of Cold War tensions during the 1970s. 5. Fidel Castro Leader of an armed rebellion in Cuba, who took power there in 1959 and allied with the Soviet Union. 6. John F. Kennedy The president of the United States from 1961 to 1963. Involved in the Cuban Missile Crisis. 7. Ideology System of thought and belief. 8. Nikita Khrushchev The leader of the Soviet Union after Stalin’s death in 1953, who called for “peaceful coexistence” with the West. 9. Containment The U.S. strategy of keeping communism within its existing boundaries and preventing its further expansion. 10. Recession Period of reduced economic activity. 11. Suburbanization The movement to built-up areas outside of central cities. 12. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. A gifted preacher who emerged as a leader of the civil rights movement in the 1950s. Famous for “I have a dream” speech. 13. Welfare state A country with a market economy but with increased government responsibility for the social and economic needs of its people. 14. European community An international organization dedicated to establishing free trade among its European member nations. Sections 3,4,5- QUIZ 2 1. Collectivization The forced joining together of workers and property into collectives, such as rural collectives that absorb peasants and their land. 2. Great Leap Forward A Chinese Communist program from 1958 to 1960 to boost farm and industrial output that failed miserably. 3. Cultural Revolution A Chinese Communist program in the late 1960s to purge China of non-revolutionary tendencies that caused economic and social damage. 4. 38th Parallel An imaginary line marking 38 degrees of latitude, particularly the line across the Korean Peninsula, dividing Soviet forces to the north and American forces to the south after WWII. 5. Kim Il Sung North Korean dictator and ally of the Soviet Union. 6. Demilitarized zone a thin band of territory across the Korean peninsula separating North Korean forces from South Korean forces; established by the armistice of 1953. 7. Guerillas a soldier in a loosely organized force making surprise raids. 8. Ho Chi Minh A communist leader in Vietnam who fought the Japanese, fought the French, and battled U.S.-supported South Vietnam for control of the country. 9. Dienbienphu Small town and former French army base in northern Vietnam; site of the battle that ended in a Vietnamese victory, the French withdrawal from Vietnam, and the securing of North Vietnam’s independence. 10. Domino theory The belief that a communist victory in South Vietnam would cause noncommunist governments across Southeast Asia to fall to communism, like a row of dominoes. 11. Viet Cong Communist rebels in South Vietnam who sought to overthrow South Vietnam’s government; received assistance from North Vietnam. 12. Tet Offensive A massive and bloody offensive by communist guerrillas against South Vietnamese and American forces on the Vietnamese New Year, 1968; helped turn American public opinion against military involvement in Vietnam. 13. Khmer Rouge a political movement and a force of Cambodian communist guerrillas that gained power in Cambodia in 1975. 14. Pol pot A brutal dictator who led the Khmer Rouge and killed a third of the population in an effort to destroy all Western influences. 15. Mujahedin Muslim religious order 16. Mikhail Gorbachev A leader in the Soviet Union who came to power in 1985 and was eager to bring about reforms. 17. Glasnost “openness” in Russian; a Soviet policy of greater freedom of expression introduced by Mikhail Gorbachev in the late 1980s. 18. Perestroika A Soviet policy of democratic and free-market reforms introduced by Mikhail Gorbachev in the late 1980s. 19. Solidarity A Polish labor union and democracy movement.